Spring 2005 (PDF) - Classical & Near Eastern Studies - University of ...

DEPARTMENT FACULTYElizabeth S. BelfioreDirector Graduate StudiesProfessor. Ancient Philosophy; GreekTragedy; Greek Literature.esb@umn.eduAndrea M. BerlinProfessor. Archaeology of the Hellenistic andRoman Near East; Archaeology of Palestine.aberlin@umn.eduRa'anan BoustanAssistant Professor. Early Jewish Mysticism;Jewish-Christian Relations in Late Antiquity.rboustan@umn.eduEva von DassowAssistant Professor. Ancient Near EasternStudies; Akkadian and Ugaritic.vonda001@umn.eduNita KrevansAssociate Professor. Greek and Latin Poetry;Hellenistic Greek Literature.nkrevans@umn.eduCNESClassical and Near Eastern StudiesAB O U T TH E DE P A R T M E N TC N E S is an interdisciplinarydepartment that brings togetherfaculty and students who might inother settings be dispersed amongprograms in Classics, Art History,Archaeology, Philosophy, ReligiousStudies, Biblical Studies, JewishStudies, Ancient Near Eastern Studies,and Linguistics.Philip H. SellewAssociate Professor. Greek and RomanReligion; New Testament Studies.psellew@umn.eduGeorge A. SheetsDepartment Chair.Associate Professor. Historical Linguistics;Latin Literature; Legal History.gasheets@umn.eduStephen C. SmithLatin Language Coordinator.Lecturer. Latin.smith504@umn.eduRobert P. SonkowskyProfessor Emeritus. Latin Literature;Oral Performance; Medieval Latin.sonko001@umn.eduAmanda WilcoxAssistant Professor. Roman Prose of the LateRepublic and Early Empire, Epistolography;Roman Philosophy.wilco043@umn.eduBernard M. LevinsonAssociate Professor. Berman Family Chairin Jewish Studies and Hebrew Bible.levinson@umn.eduLauren MonroeAssistant Professor. Hebrew Bible; Syro-Palestinian Archaeology; Ancient IsraeliteReligious and Social History.shedl002@umn.eduChristopher NappaDirector Undergraduate StudiesAssistant Professor. Republican & AugustanLatin Poetry; Roman Satire.cnappa@umn.eduOliver NicholsonAssociate Professor. Patristics;Late Roman History; Medieval Latin.opn@umn.eduS. Douglas OlsonDistinguished McKnight UniversityProfessor. Greek poetry of 8th-4th cents.,esp. Aristophanes, Homer.sdolson@umn.eduThe mission of the Department ofClassical and Near Eastern Studies isto produce and disseminate knowledgeabout the civilizations of the ancientMediterranean and Near East from theneolithic period through late antiquity.Department faculty conduct researchand teach courses in the languages andliteratures of Greece, Rome, and theNear East (including Modern Hebrew);and the archaeology, art, history, andreligious traditions of these civilizations,including the development ofearly Judaism and Christianity.ASSOCIATED FACULTYIN OTHER DEPARTMENTSThomas S. ClaytonRegents' Professor. English. Drama andTheater, Shakespeare, Classical Tradition.Frederick CooperProfessor. Art History.Greek Art, Architecture and Archaeology.Andrew GalliaAssistant Professor. History. Roman History;Latin Literature; Greek History; RomanArchaeology and Topography.Thomas KellyProfessor Emeritus. History. Greek History.Sheila McNallyProfessor. Art History.Roman and Medieval Archaeology, Roman Art.Jonathan ParadiseProfessor Emeritus. Hebrew Bible,Cuneiform.jparadis@umn.eduRenana S. SchnellerHebrew Language Coordinator. TeachingSpecialist. Modern Hebrew Language andLiterature; Biblical Hebrew.schne068@umn.eduCOVER PHOTOThe Lake Street/Marshall Avenue Bridgefacing north up the Mississippi River(cover photo by Barbara Lehnhoff)Sandra L. PetersonProfessor. Philosophy. Ancient Philosophy.Edward SchiapaProfessor. Communication StudiesTheofanis StavrouProfessor. History. Modern Greek Studies.

From The CHAIRby George Sheets, Chair, Classical and Near Eastern StudiesGreetings from CNES! It is with a mixture of happyanticipation and sad regret that I announce this is ourvaledictory newsletter from Folwell Hall. Next spring thedepartment will be housed in splendid new space inNicholson Hall as part of the first phase of a thorough renovationof the “Humanities Quarter” at the University ofMinnesota. More about that in a moment, but first somememories.CNES and its predecessor departments have beenlocated in Folwell Hall since the building was first erectedone year short of a century ago. The building itself wasnamed for the first President of the University. Dr. Folwellwas hired shortly after the American Civil War to reconsider,among other subjects of academic planning in thatgeneration, the centrality of the classics curriculum. Hetaught classics, political science, mathematics and chemistry,and is reported “to have been interested in everythingfrom Plato to hog cholera.” There are a lot of memoriesin the marble corridors named for him: generations ofstudents, faculty, and staff fondly recalled; lasting friendships;important scholarship, inspired teaching, and distinguishedgraduates who have made us all very proud. Incommemoration of that past and in celebration of ourupcoming move to Nicholson Hall, the department hasundertaken the compilation of a “Department History” forpublication, we hope, next spring. Corrie Ooms Beck(PhD 1967) will be assisting me and others in gatheringmaterials for this project. To that end I want to take thisopportunity to invite each reader of this newsletter to thinkback to your years in the department (or its predecessors,the department of Classics, of Ancient Near Eastern andJewish Studies, and the programs in Classical Civilizationand Religious Studies). Are there memories you wouldlike to share? A favorite class or colleague, an amusingexperience, a revealing event, or just being part of a transformativeperiod in your own life or in the history of theUniversity? We would love to hear from you. Pleaseemail me if you have something you want to contribute. Inaddition, we would particularly like to receive copies of anyphotographs that you may have of your days at the “U.”Our plan is to draw upon all of this material to put togethera thematic history of our department and its disciplinessince the founding of the University in 1851.Now for the future. On the following two pages maybe found selected plans for some of our new space acrossthe quad from Folwell. Nicholson Hall is an architecturaland historical landmark building that was erected in 1890to house theUniversity’s newdepartment ofChemistry. In the firsthalf of the last centurytwo wings were added,and after WWII a rathergraceless “auditorium”was squeezed betweenthose two wings. Chemistry had long since moved toother quarters when the 2002 state bonding bill financed aproject to restore the sadly dilapidated but structurallysound and still handsome building to something more likeits original form (the main building plus one wing). Therestoration would entail demolition of one wing and theauditorium, and a thorough gutting and rebuilding of theinterior. The resulting structure will preserve the originallook of the building both inside and out. Late Victoriangrace and refinement will be joined with a thoroughly modernfunctionality. The building will contain wired and wirelessnetworking, air conditioning, computer projection in allclassrooms and seminar rooms, recessed lighting, keycardlibrary access, and many other refinements andamenities. I am still pinching myself that we could be sofortunate to be selected as one of the two academicdepartments designated for the renovated building.The move is expected to take place in December ofthis year. At that time, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd floors ofNicholson will be jointly occupied by the department ofClassical and Near Eastern Studies and the department ofCultural Studies and Comparative Literature. The maindepartment offices of both units will be in adjacent suiteson the 2nd floor along with faculty offices, a large jointdepartment library, an archaeology lab, a slide library, andclassrooms. The 3rd floor will house graduate students, aseminar room, and more classrooms, while the 1st floorwill house more faculty offices, a large seminar room withfireplace, and still more classrooms. The CLA Honors divisionand Writing Center will occupy the ground floor of thebuilding along with a handsome student lounge. We hopeto host an event, perhaps next spring, for friends andalumni to celebrate the move to our new quarters.Before closing I shall take this opportunity to thank theeditorial committee chaired by Andrea Berlin for the finejob they have done in putting together this newsletter. Asyou will see from the articles and reports on the followingpages, things continue to flourish in CNES.1

MOVING TO NICHOLSON HALL IN 20062Here’s a sneak peek at the plan of the main core of CNES offices on the second floor of Nicholson Hall. Some highlights:the CNES main office now has windows! The new copy room, which we will share with CSCL, has a long tablefor work space. There is now dedicated space for computer graphics, housed in the newly spacious slide library. Ourdepartmental library’s size will increase to 767 square feet (from a current 540 sq. ft.). For the full effect, stop by for avisit in January 2006 (or so the architects and contractors promise us).

THE NEW LOEB OFATHENAEUS’ DEIPNOSOPHISTSThe first and most pressing problem for any editor orcommentator on the Deipnosophists has to do with the witnessesto the text and thus the text itself. An unabridgedversion of Athenaeus is preserved in only one manuscript,Venetus Marcianus 447 (conventionally referred to as “A”);in addition, we have what are clearly two independentcopies of an Epitome, Parisinus suppl. gr. 841 (conventionallyreferred to as “C”) and Laurentianus LX.2 (conventionbyS. Douglas Olson, McKnight Distinguished University ProfessorAs we all know, most Greek literatureis lost. We have the Iliad and the Odysseybut not the Cypria or the Aethiopis,Herodotus but not Hecataeus, eighteen ofabout ninety plays by Euripides but noAgathon, and perhaps a quarter ofAristophanes’ work but nothing by hiscontemporary rivals Cratinus or Eupolis.But most of these nominally vanishedworks are in fact not lost entirely. Instead,they are preserved in fragments; andamong the most important sources ofsuch fragments is the Deipnosophists(“Dinner-Sophists” or “Doctors at Dinner”)of Athenaeus of Naucratis.We know almost nothing about Athenaeus himself,although internal evidence suggests that theDeipnosophists was composed at the very end of the secondcentury C.E., perhaps in Rome. The work is modelledquite self-consciously on Plato’s Symposium: a series ofbrilliant recent dinner parties have become the talk of thetown, and the narrator, who was there, offers his fascinatedinterlocutor an account of what went on. The speechesattributed to the guests at Athenaeus’ dinner-party consistlargely of quotations drawn from older Greek authors and ofliterary and historical argumentation tying them together.The nominal topics of conversation have to do with wine,food and symposium paraphernalia of all sorts, from garlandsto drinking cups to cooks. But the conversationranges widely, and in the course of it over a thousandauthors, many of them probably obscure already inAthenaeus’ time, are quoted, sometimes at great length.The text poses a series of complex, interconnected problemsto some of which I hope to devote my next five to tenyears of research time.ally referred to as “E”). If the Epitome is independent of A,therefore, we have what amount to two different witnesses—admittedlyof different qualities and characters—towhat Athenaeus wrote (i.e. A and the common source ofCE), whereas if the Epitome was derived from A itself, Cand E are of no significance. Georg Kaibel, whose 1887–99Teubner remains the standard edition of theDeipnosophists, believed the latter and treated any seeminglygood readings in CE as late scribal corrections, whichhe was free to reject if he chose to do so. The question onwhich countless readings in otherwise unattested materialdepend, including hundreds of fragments of lyric, comic andtragic poetry, would be easier to resolve, were a full, reliablereport of the readings in CE available; but as noted above,Kaibel was not much interested in them, and Peppink’s1937–39 edition of the Epitome only is full of carelesserrors. It also lacks an apparatus criticus. Although theproblem is a fundamental one, it ought to be solvable onceall three manuscripts have been collated and compared. Amore significant matter of concern is the fact that A hasbeen badly damaged. All of Books 1 and 2, much of 3, andscattered bits and pieces elsewhere, including the very end,are missing—and whatever the relationship between A andthe Epitome, in these portions of the text we have only CEto rely upon.The second great puzzle with Athenaeus thus has to dowith Books 1.1–3.73, where only the Epitome survives.Exactly how the Epitomator worked and what his prejudicesand concerns were remains obscure. But where we have A4

to provide a basis of comparison (i.e. in 3.74–15.700), it isobvious that he aggressively eliminated anything that failedto interest or make sense to him. Titles of plays, for example,but not the author’s name, are expunged; scientific andmedical material is mostly left untouched, whereas fragmentsof Doric comedy disappear; and most of the dramaticstructure of the work, in which the characters banter andquarrel with one another in the course of quoting earlier literature,has been stripped out. As a result, the logic ofmuch of the opening section of the work, why quotationsappear where they do, and what they have to do with whatprecedes and follows them—is not apparent at first or evensecond glance. Fortunately for us, Athenaeus was a creatureof habit, and the Epitomator was sometimes less systematicthan he might have been; and the boundaries ofindividual speeches can still sometimes be detected andtheir argument reconstructed. Content alone, for example,leaves no doubt that Book 1 contains at least three longspeeches that take very different points of view on theHomeric lifestyle, while the abusive tone of 1.22d–e, theuse of a quotation there from Timo Phliasius, the verbalecho of 4.159e (where the same quotation is used to dividetwo speechs), and the series of positive references to thedog-star combine to suggest that the Cynic philosopherCynulcus begins to speak at this point.Although much about Books 1–3 will most likely alwaysremain obscure, therefore, close analysis of what has beenpreserved should make it possible to reconstruct a substantialamount of what has been lost. This is also true ofthe third and in some ways most important puzzle posed bythe Deipnosophists, which has to do with the author’ssources. Some of the works Athenaeus quotes have beenpassed down to us entire, generally in better versions,although his text of Theophrastus in particular seems tohave been better than the one we have. The more interestingand problematic cases involve authors, works or fragmentswe know from no other source. The parodist Matro ofPitane, for example, is known only from Athenaeus, as arethe gastronomic poet Archestratus of Gela, the essayist andepistolographer Lynceus of Samos, his correspondentHippolochus of Macedon, the fourth-century Atheniancomic poet Ephippus, the medical writer Diphilus ofSiphnos, the Dorion who produced a systematic treatise onfish, Aelius Asclepiades’ “On Garlands” and many others.Athenaeus’ characters quote these authors and texts (manyof whom have never received careful independent study) atgreat length and supposedly from memory, and the traditionalassumption has been that Athenaeus himself knewe.g. the Middle Comic poets at first hand, perhaps becausehe read them in the Library at Alexandria as a younger man,and converted his notes into the text of the Deipnosophists.If that is the case, it is striking how rarely he displays anybroader knowledge about the works from which he offersextracts, and the more closely one reads the text the moreapparent it becomes how deeply and systematicallydependent it is on Hellenistic scholarship, almost all ofwhich is otherwise lost to us. Much of the Deipnosophistsgives the surface appearance of a wild jumble of materialfrom all periods and genres, organized only in the mostgeneral way. But many seemingly digressive passagesbecome comprehensible when seen as something approximatingcut-and-paste amalgations of earlier work by othercompilers, whose tendencies and sources then come intoconsiderably clearer focus; which is to say that theDeipnosophists, is not one book but many books, and thatthe most fundamental and important critical task it sets us isto prise these apart and identify them to the extent still possible.Within the next five years, I hope to complete a newLoeb edition of the Deipnosophists, complete with a freshtext and translation and extensivenotes. After that will come afull critical edition for OxfordUniversity Press, including aseparate edition of the Epitome,an extensive introduction and acritical commentary. My goal is tomake as much progress as I canon the questions discussedabove, producing a text considerablymore accessible and comprehensiblethan the one wehave now. Much will then stillremain undone—and alerting theworld to that fact is a large part ofthe point of this project.CNES5

university sought to become a “stronghold of NationalSocialism.” Also, my article, “Is the Covenant Code anExilic Composition? A Response to John Van Seters,” waspublished in In Search of Pre-Exilic Israel. I had the honorto give a plenary lecture at the XVIIIth Congress of theInternational Organization for the Study of the OldTestament, Leiden, Netherlands in August, 2004.Chris Nappa. My book on Vergil, Reading after Actium:Vergil’s Georgics, Octavian, and Rome, is set to appearfrom University of Michigan Press in May. I’m now on to avariety of projects including a chapter on Catullus’ influenceon Vergil for the forthcoming Blackwell Companion toCatullus. I’ll be spending next year on sabbatical workingon a book about the satirist Juvenal.Oliver Nicholson. I have published a big article on thetransformation of Constantinople in the years followingConstantine, and I have another long piece in press aboutpreparation for martyrdom in the Early Church. I continueto be occupied, inter alia, with editing the papers from theCenter for Mediaeval Studies’ Lactantius conference andas the general editor of the Oxford Dictionary of LateAntiquity (son of OCD), which will run to 800,000 words.S. Douglas Olson. My edition of Aristophanes’Thesmophoriazusae (co-edited with Colin Austin of TrinityHall, Cambridge) appeared late in 2004. Since then I’vebeen working on two projects, an edition of selected comicfragments (to be published by OUP in late 2006 or early2007) and a new Loeb Athenaeus. Last summer I was thesummer workshop facilitator and then the MellonProfessor for Synoikisis Greek, a consortium project inwhich the classics faculty at a number of small colleges inthe South plan and teach a joint course (this year onAristophanes).Philip Sellew. In summer 2004 I gave a paper at theInternational Coptic Studies conference in Paris on contrastingthemes in the Gospel of Thomas and theApophthegmata Patrum (“Sayings of the DesertFathers/Mothers”). After a long wait I was pleased to seethe publication of The Cities of Paul at Fortress Press inDecember 2004: a CD-ROM edited by Helmut Koestercontaining 900 images of archaeological sites from theAegean in the Hellenistic and Roman periods accompaniedby detailed scholarly commentary. Helped along theway by CNES alumni, including Cheryl Houdek, JayneReinhard, Allison Smith, and Rabun Taylor, I provided thewritten commentaries and many of the images for thechapter on the Temenos of Apollo at Delphi.Lauren Monroe. I have been at work on two articlesconcerning the practice of herem (ritual annihilation of aconquered enemy) in ancient Israel and Arabia. At theannual meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature inNovember I presented a paper, “Early Benjaminite HeremTraditions in Deuteronomistic Texts,” which I am currentlytransforming into an article. Also in progress is an articleentitled “The War Herem in Ancient South Arabia and itsRelevance for Understanding the Biblical HeremTraditions.” I am looking forward to spending time thissummer at the École Biblique in Jerusalem working on abook, based on my dissertation, which will be entitledJosiah’s Reform and the Dynamics of Defilement: Priestlyand Deuteronomistic Sources in the Composition of 2Kings 23.George Sheets. For some time I have been engaged in acomparative study of legislative language in variousancient and modern legal traditions (Greek, Roman,Biblical, Canon, and Anglo-American law). My goal is toconstruct a coherent typology of the formal and pragmaticfeatures of this type of legal discourse, with a view to identifyingwhat I take to be distinctive characteristics ofRoman legislative speech. In other activities, I have promiseda chapter on Catullan usage and style to the forthcomingBlackwell Companion to Catullus, and this June Iplan to give a paper at the Symposium Cumanum in theVilla Vergiliana.Eva von Dassow. In the past year I have completed twoarticles on two different topics, the use of cuneiform scriptin Canaan during the 14th century BCE, and the history ofthe Syro-Anatolian state of Alalakh during the 15th century.In “Canaanite in Cuneiform,” I argue that Canaanitescribes, rather than borrowing and bowdlerizing theAkkadian language for the purpose of writing in cuneiform,as the conventional view would have it, wrote their ownlanguage using Akkadographic cuneiform spellings. In“Archives of Alalakh in Archaeological Context,” I integratethe archaeological data pertaining to the written recordsfound at Alalakh into the reconstruction of Alalakh’s history.Currently I am writing a book about the social history of15th-century Alalakh, provisionally titled Society and theState at Alalakh Under the Mittanni Empire.Amanda Wilcox. I recently presented a paper on friendshipin Seneca's Moral Epistles at the Annual Meeting ofthe APA in Boston (January 2005), and another entitled“Pastor’s Impassivity: A Parodic Exemplum at De Ira 2.33”at the CAMWS meeting in Madison, WI on April 1, 2005. Icontinue to work on my first book project, The Economy ofCorrespondence in Classical Rome, and to plan for a second,on the rhetorical and philosophical force of exemplarydiscourse in Seneca’s Dialogi. I have two articles forthcoming,one in AJP on rivalry among friends in Cicero’sletters of consolation, and one in Helios, on how gender isdefined through portrayals of mourning parents inSeneca's Ad Marciam and Ad Helviam.7

RECONSTRUCTING HELLENISTICGORDIONUsing these records, some of which are at times veryscanty, I have begun to recreate what the city looked like in thecenturies following the conquest of Alexander. A few of the plansof individual structures are labeled as to their precise location.The notebooks sometimes provide further information on specifichouses, such as lists of the objects found inside and observationson construction techniques. But it is rarely this easy. Mostof the time I make connections between the various pieces ofevidence through painfully slow detective work. A description in anotebook will recall a photograph, or a quick sketch of somewalls an excavator made in his or her book will look like one ofthe many unlabeled architectural plans, in the end not only identifyingthat specific structure, but also giving substance andrecognition to a contextual description. Figures 1-3 illustrate oneparticularly exciting set of connections. In the notebook with thesketch in figure 1, the excavator described a huge cache of dinnerplates and storage jars that had been stacked against onewall. That description led me to recognize the room in the excabyMarty Wells, AMAA PH.D. StudentThe site of Gordion is located in what is today the westernpart of central Turkey. In antiquity, it was a major city thatreached its height from the tenth through the eighth centuriesB.C.E. as the capital of the Phrygian empire and the home ofthe legendary King Midas. From 1950 to 1973, Rodney Youngof the University of Pennsylvania directed excavations here,and did indeed uncover a palatial city from the early first millenniumB.C.E., outfitted with a monumental gate, a series ofhuge royal halls, and multiple work and store rooms.Excavations continued at Gordion through the 1970’s and80’s, under the direction of Keith DeVries (University ofPennsylvania) and G. Kenneth Sams (UNC Chapel Hill); andin 1988 Mary Voight (College of William and Mary) openednew excavation areas.The history of ancient Gordion did not end with King Midas.The city reappears in the historical record some four centurieslater as the place where Alexander the Great cut the famousGordion Knot, assuring his ascension to the Persian throne (orso the story goes as told by Arrian). The geographer Straboreports that in the 270’s B.C.E., during the Hellenistic period,tribes from Europe known as the Galatians settled in this area.All Gordion excavators have found remains of these periodsacross the upper levels of the site, including individual homesfilled with debris and even some small workshops. It seems thatin the Hellenistic period Gordion was more a village than thegreat city of Phrygian times. The reduction in status does notmean, however, that Hellenistic Gordion is unworthy of our attention:the remains reflect a rich mix of indigenous and importedstyles and tastes, making it crucial to understanding culturalexchange and integration in this part of the Hellenistic East. But,while much of the material from the earlier Phrygian levels hasbeen published, most of the Hellenistic-period remains have yetto be analyzed.Large workrooms from Phrygian Palace, Gordion.My research aims to fill part of this scholarly gap, by reconstructingin as detailed a manner as possible the plan(s) ofHellenistic Gordion. In March 2004, I began with a week in theGordion archive room at the University of Pennsylvania, followedby two months last summer at the site itself. I have discoveredthat collecting the existing information is pretty straightforward,but figuring out how to put it all together is considerably more difficult.As none of this material was published, and as the walls,floors, and finds have naturally been removed in the years ofexcavation, the only place to go is to the excavators’ field notebooksand photographs, coupled with the occasional draftedarchitectural plan.Figure 1. Sketch plan, Rodney Young, Notebook 2, p. 1578

Figure 2. Southeast Trench, Level 2 house, June10, 1950 excavation photovation photo in figure 2 (the pottery cacheis visible in the foreground), which in turnallowed me to better understand the notebooksketch plan and description. Usingboth the sketch and photo, I was able todigitally reconstruct the house (figure 3).With the aid of the computer draftingprogram AutoCAD, I’m making some senseof these scattered walls and rooms andfinds. I am digitizing the original architecturalplans and, slowly, the shape of the city isappearing. I have even been able to recreatesome structures that were never drawnby using the photographs and descriptionsin the notebooks. Once the city plan is set,the task will then be to look more closely atthe individual structures, their constructionphases, and the objects recovered fromthem during excavation. It is at this level,the layout of a house and the dinner platesin the back room, that Hellenistic Gordionwill really come to life.CNESFigure 3. Southeast Trench, Level 2 House, AutoCAD reconstructionFigures 1 and 2 were used in reconstructing the house illustrated in Figure 3.The circles indicate the same line of stones in each image.9

GRADUATE STUDENT NEWSReport on the Graduate Programby Elizabeth Belfiore, Director of Graduate StudiesDoug Dance has made a great deal of progress in hisresearch: "I have been focusing my research in threeareas: first a comparison between Philo's descriptions ofthe prophetic process in his writings and his self presentationof his own creative process; second, an investigationof cuneiform scribal activity in Iron Age Israel and anexploration of the possible relationships betweencunieform literature and biblical texts; and third, coauthoringan article with Professor Bernard M. Levinson: "TheMetamorphosis of Law into Gospel: Gerhard von Rad’sAttempt to Reclaim the Old Testament for the Church," inRechtund Ethik im Alten Testament: Beiträge desSymposiums "Das Alte Testament und die Kultur derModerne" anlässlich des 100. Geburtstags Gerhard vonRads (1901-1971) Heidelberg. 18.-21. Oktober 2001, ed.Bernard M. Levinson and Eckart Otto (Münster: LIT, 2004),83-110."Jim Hamm reports:"Aside from the oddadmonition to wear abicycle helmet andseat belts (really!), Ihave enjoyed myfirst year as a graduatestudent inClassics atMinnesota. I am particularlyinterested inGreek prose andphilosophy, but Ihave welcomed theopportunity to readbroadly in the areasof early Greek andLatin literature in myfirst two terms here.After passing myancient languageproficiency exams(faculty membersadministering theseexams may wish toreflect how odious10Our graduate students have had a successful and eventful year.glaring erros [sic] would be in this newsletter...), I look forwardto a summer reacquainting myself with more modernlanguages, medieval Latin manuscripts, and eighteenwheels rolling down that endless black ribbon meaninglonesome."Pete Haugen has had a busy first year: "This past year, inaddition to attempting to find the time to raise three children(ages 10m, 2, and 3) and to be a husband to mywife, I have finished the revision and sent my final submissionof a paper ("Hamartia and Hubris in the Story ofOedipus") for publication in the journal of the LinguisticCircle of Manitoba and North Dakota. Additionally, I havebeen working to improve my Latin and Greek and, asalways, immersing myself in classes as I progress towardsa Masters in Religions in Antiquity."CLOCKWISE FROM BOTTOM LEFT: Jonathan Casad, Jim Hamm, Mike Boyle, Aaron Poochigian,Tim Beck, doug Dance, Marty Wells, Justin Schedtler, Nick Hudson, Mike Bartos, Dan Pinotti,Eric Fanning, Derk Renwick, Dave Oosterhuis, Heather Woods, Sean Larson, JessieWeaver, Paul Lesperance, Galya Toteva, Peter Haugen, Susan Morris.Nick Hudsonpassed his PhD preliminaryexams andhas begun writinghis dissertation, forwhich he received adepartmentalHutchinsonScholarship for theSpring semester. Helooks forward to aproductive field seasonin Turkey andmore "dissertationmadness" next academicyear.Paul Lesperancewrites: "As of thetime of this writing, Iam working my waythrough my thirdyear in the PhD programin Ancient andMedieval Art andArchaeology at theUniversity of

Minnesota and will be starting my fourth in the fall. I havefinished up my coursework, and I am currently studying formy preliminary examinations, which I will be taking thisApril. If all goes well, I plan to start work on my dissertationthis fall.Susan Morris is near the end of her last year in theAMAA Master's program and is putting the finishing toucheson thesis papers that illustrate the breadth of topicscovered in her coursework thus far: oracular architectureas it is expressed in Hellenistic Greece and Egypt, andniche decoration in the monastic hermitages of the Kellia.She has also been quite busy researching beads, jewels,and seals for the publication of the stone artifacts from TelAnafa (a group project designed for the Artifact Analysiscourse), and she looks forward to working in theMediterranean again this summer.Shannon Morrissey is working on finishing her MA andteaching beginning Latin. It has been a bustling and excitingyear and she hopes to continue teaching in the future!Dave Oosterhuis writes that he has had a very eventfulyear, indeed, "one in which the non-academic tended toovershadow the academic. I would be remiss if I didn'tmention my engagement first, truly the best part of the lastyear. Other highlights were my appearance on Jeopardyand the donation of a kidney to my brother. All of theseshould not, however, obscure the progress made towardmy degree. While work on my dissertation goes forward Ihave also had two papers accepted for conferences,including the CAMWS meeting in Madison. In addition theDepartment has been kind enough to sponsor the filmseries I dreamed up this year, Seldom Seen CNESCinema."research for her dissertation, and is planning to continuework this summer season.This from Marty Wells: "I'm in my second year of theArchaeology PhD and loving it. Over the past year, I'vebeen progressing through my course work as well as servingas the Graduate Student Representative to the CNESfaculty. For the spring semester, I was fortunate to receivea department fellowship which allowed me the time to continuemy research on the Hellenistic city plan of Gordion, asite in central Turkey. I am very grateful to the departmentfor this honor. This summer, I will finally be returning toIsrael to excavate at Tel Dor and I hope to get back toGordion for a few weeks before the new school yearstarts."Heather Woods writes: "This year I have had the pleasureof teaching Latin 1001-1002 for the first time, to abright and vivacious group of U of M undergrads. It hasbeen fabulous working with them and getting to experiencethe unique dynamics of a 5-day-per-week class. I amtaking the last class of my program this semester, andhope soon to venture out into the "real world" with a master'sat long last!"I am retiring as Director of Graduate Studies this spring,because I will begin phased retirement next year. I haveenjoyed working with our fine students during my term ofoffice, and will eagerly watch their progress, though fromthe sidelines part of the year.Congratulations to Jayni Philipp Reinhard, who successfullydefended her dissertation, "The Roman Bath atIsthmia: Decoration, Cult and Herodes Atticus," and willattend the graduation ceremony in April.Derk Renwick writes: "During my first year in theReligions in Antiquity program I have enjoyed intenselearning, new ways of approaching religious theory andmethod, and reading the original language of the HebrewBible. This summer I plan to travel to Israel in order tostudy Modern Hebrew and experience first-hand the religionand culture of the Holy Land."Galya Toteva reports that she has finished her courseworkand is going to take her preliminary examinationsduring the spring semester. Last summer she started11

ANCIENT HISTORY LIVES AGAINAT THE U OF MNby Eva von DassowThe University of Minnesota once boasted one of thestrongest Ancient History programs in the country. Housedwithin the Department of History, and functioning in closecooperation with what was then the Department ofClassics, Ancient History flourished in the hands ofProfessors Tom B. Jones, Thomas Kelly, Erle Leichty, andlater, John K. Evans. During the 1960s and 1970s, thisprogram graduated Ph.D.’s by the dozens, and most wenton to successful academic careers; indeed, for a time thelion’s share of professors teaching ancient history atAmerican colleges and universities were University ofMinnesota graduates. But as departments, budgets, andacademic emphases shifted, the Ancient History programsuffered decline. By the time of Thomas Kelly’sretirement in 2000, the program’s studentpopulation had diminished along withits perceived relevance. AncientHistory was in danger of extinction.Foreseeing this possibility,CNES collaborated with theDepartment of History toforestall it. The two departmentsjointly defined twopositions: one, in ancientNear Eastern history, tobe housed in CNES, andthe other, in Greco-Romanhistory, to be housed inHistory. The occupants ofboth positions would teachin both departments, offeringcourses in ancient languages inCNES, and ancient history coursesin History. The plan succeeded: in2000, I joined CNES, and have sincetaught Akkadian, Ugaritic, and BiblicalHebrew as well as ancient Near Eastern history; in2004, Andrew Gallia joined History, and has begun teachingGreek and Roman history as well as Latin.Consequent on the success of this collaboration, AncientHistory has been restored as a graduate field in theDepartment of History.Meanwhile, two felicitous developments have contributedto revitalizing Ancient History at Minnesota. Thefirst is the establishment of the annual Frederick andCatherine Lauritsen Lecture in Ancient History. FrederickLauritsen received his Ph.D. under Tom Jones in 1973 and12subsequently taught for almost three decades at EasternWashington University. In 2002, he donated funds toendow an annual lecture in Ancient History. This lectureseries was inaugurated in Fall, 2002 with a talk by ErichGruen of the University of California at Berkeley, whospoke about Jews in the Greco-Roman world. In 2004,Matthew W. Stolper of the University of Chicago’s OrientalInstitute spoke about the administrative structure andoperation of the Persian Empire; this spring Frank Holt, ofthe University of Houston, took the series farther east witha lecture on Alexander the Great’s sojourn in Afghanistanand the Indo-Greek kingdom that arose in his wake. TheLauritsen Lectures have brought to campus scholars ofrenown, and also stimulated discussions amongfaculty and students in History and CNESas well as members of the widerUniversity community.The second developmentalso involves aUniversity of Minnesotagraduate. Dr. Ida Kramer,who received her Ph.D. in1943, was Tom Jones’svery first doctoral student.She went on to teach atWest Virginia StateCollege, and after retirement,she endowed ascholarship for graduatestudy in Ancient History atthe University of Minnesota.Because of the scarcity of candidatesin the specified field, thescholarship was for a time madeavailable to students in other fields.Now, however, on the strength of the developmentsoutlined above, the Kramer Scholarship hasbeen rededicated to the support of doctoral students inAncient History.Together, CNES and History will continue to rebuildAncient History. The graduate program in History isaccepting applications in Ancient History, and stellar candidatesin that field will benefit from the award of a KramerScholarship. If fortune favors our further efforts, the futureof Minnesota’s Ancient History program will match thegreatness of its past.

ARCHAEOLOGY & THE GOSPELS:MATERIAL CULTURE & WRITTEN TESTIMONYby Phil SellewOur M.A. track in Religions in Antiquity requires studentsto take a comparative seminar taught by two professors usingdifferent methods or sorts of evidence to study a particularset of issues. In fall semester 2004 Andrea Berlin and PhilipSellew joined forces to teach Archaeology & the Gospels:Material Culture & Written Testimony (RelA 8190/CNES8190). Our aim was to investigate early Roman Palestine andthe early Christian texts that speak to that place and time.Our evidence comprised both the material record ofPalestinian archaeology as well as the the New TestamentGospels and Q. This required all of us, students and professorsalike, to absorb and learn to work with the internalrules and logical practices of two quite different academictraditions.example, need to know how to navigate among texts likeJosephus and the Gospels with a critical eye for bias and significantomissions. Scholars of the New Testament and emergentChristianity or Judaism need to learn how to avoid makingor accepting facile or fanciful interpretations of poorlyunderstood material remains to serve one or another theorymeant to ‘explain’ Jesus, Galilean village life, or Gospel origins.We all need to remember that any investigation into thespotty and incomplete record of antiquity requires attention toall of the evidence available.The process was challenging and enlightening.Graduate students from Religions in Antiquity joined withcolleagues in Ancient and Medieval Art and Archaeologyand also History to grapple with the various sources aswell as with contemporary scholarly approaches. Thougheveryone was expected to control his or her ‘home base’ ofmaterial or literary evidence, all of us (including archaeologists)were called upon to read and discuss the latest in Qscholarship, and all of us (including Religions in Antiquityspecialists) were required to read, summarize, and utilizeexcavation reports. From week to week we worked to bringall of the available evidence to bear in our discussions,whose topics included ancient literacy, ritual purity, disposalof the dead, sectarian and ethnic identities, rural andurban lifestyles, the social role of dining, and the economicimpact of political change as reflected in architecture andtown planning.The semester’s main achievement may well havebeen to stimulate us to consider more practically howthose interested in any aspect of the ancientMediterranean world might effectively achieve a reasonablecompetence as consumers of the full range of dataand scholarship pertinent to their field of interest.Archaeologists of the Hellenistic or Roman Near East, for13

UNDERGRADUATE NEWSby Christopher Nappa, Director of Undergraduate Studies and Bernie LevinsonIn 2004 we launched a new undergraduate major inAncient Mediterranean Studies. This major allows studentsto obtain a broad but thorough grounding in the study ofMediterranean and Near Eastern antiquity without thetraining in an ancient language required by our othermajors. So far, ten students have enrolled in this major,and more have expressed interest in signing up. Our othermajor and minor programs also continue to flourish, withnew students signing up all the time.CNES offers courses in Modern Hebrew at all levels eachsemester, taught by Renana Schneller, our dynamicHebrew Coordinator, and Dr. Yaakov Levi, from theTalmud Torah of Minneapolis. For the first time, Biblical(classical) Hebrew—the language of the Hebrew Bibleand of the foundational texts of ancient Judaism—existsas a full two-year sequence, in parity with Greek andLatin. Advanced Biblical Hebrew is also an option for studentsin our new MA program in Religion in Antiquity.This year we’ve been able to offer students two newarchaeology courses taught by Dr. Christopher Monroe. Inthe fall, CNES 3321, Ships and Seafaring: An Introductionto Nautical Archaeology, introduced students to nauticaland underwater archaeology, bridging the distancebetween the ancient Mediterranean and the Great Lakes.This spring, CNES 1044, Introduction to Near EasternArchaeology, is providing a gateway to the ancient NearEast before Greece and Rome. These are exciting additionsto the curriculum, and students are already lookingforward to them for next year.Enrollments in Greek, Hebrew, and Latin have beenup in recent years. This has allowed us to offer two sectionsof beginning Greek for the second year in a row.Advanced undergraduate students continue to offer freetutoring to students in the first and second year classes.This is a great resource for our students and also goodexperience for our juniors and seniors. While most of ourundergraduate language students take one of the three“big” languages (Greek, Hebrew, and Latin), this yearundergraduate students have also been studying Akkadian(with Professor Eva von Dassow) and Coptic (withProfessor Philip Sellew).A major focus of attention this year has been ourincreasingly popular Hebrew curriculum. Hebrew has beentaught continually at the University of Minnesota since1965, when it was inaugurated by Jonathan Paradise, nowEmeritus Professor. Forty years later, notwithstanding multiplerounds of budget cuts, Hebrew continues to flourishat the U. Undergraduates may now satisfy the CLA foreignlanguage requirement in either Modern or Biblical Hebrew.14This year, under the leadership of ProfessorLevinson, a stalwart group completed a detailed studythat culminated in a substantial restructuring of both theundergraduate major and minor. The revisions weredesigned to take advantage of particular faculty strengthsin the study of ancient Israel, Semitic languages and history,and ancient Judaism, as well as to reflect the deepconviction that Hebrew is a vital and dynamic languagethat is the foundation of both an ancient civilization and amodern culture. Students are therefore now required tostudy both phases of the language in order to appreciatethe unique legacy of each.Hebrew studies at Minnesota are now also supportedby two additional recent developments. Last spring, thenational philanthropy Bnai Zion agreed to give an annualmerit award for student excellence in the study of Biblicaland Modern Hebrew. We made the first two awards at theend-of-year departmental picnic last spring: handsomecertificates and $50.00 savings bonds went to Steven B.Henkin (Biblical) and Cassandra Stroud (Modern). Alsolast spring, the national executive council of Eta BetaRho, the National Scholastic Honor Society for Studentsof Hebrew Language and Culture, approved our applicationfor a chapter at the University of Minnesota. Eta BetaRho was founded by the National Association ofProfessors of Hebrew in 1960 to encourage high achievementin Hebrew studies. The Greek initials spell out Eber,the Semitic root word for “Hebrew.” Twenty students havealready been admitted to membership on the basis ofacademic merit.CNES

REVITALIZINGJEWISH STUDIESBernard M. Levinson, Berman Family Chair of Jewish Studies and Hebrew BibleOn March 11, 2005, the Board of Regents of theUniversity of Minnesota formally approved the revitalizedundergraduate major for Jewish Studies. The new majoroffers students a choice of two different routes into theinterdisciplinary world of Jewish Studies. The first, TheThe first was to build upon the strong foundation that weprovide in ancient languages and texts by incorporatingthe study of archaeology, historical and social scientificapproaches, and modern literature and music. The secondwas to recognize the range of possibilities for studyingJewish civilization in its modern forms in North Americaand in Europe, separate from its origins in antiquity.The new major, along with a reconceived JewishStudies minor, is designed to mesh well with other interdisciplinarymajors such as Religious Studies, Classicaland Near Eastern Archaeology, History, and AmericanStudies. Evidence for student enthusiasm is manifest inthe dramatic upswing in numbers. In the past two years,the number of majors has risen from six to twenty-two,and the number of minors from one to seven. A furtherindication of support comes from a wonderful new gift tothe Center: the Leo and Lillian Gross Scholarship, whichwill provide an award of $1,900 to a student pursuing academicwork in Jewish Studies in the 2005–2006 academicyear. With new faculty, an expanded curriculum, communitysupport, and now a new major and minor, JewishStudies has become an intellectual home for interdisciplinarystudy and academic excellence.Bible and the Foundations of Judaism, includes courses inBiblical Texts and Religious Perspectives, History andMaterial Culture, and Comparative Perspectives. The second,The Diversity of Jewish Civilization: Religion, History,and Culture, focuses on modern Jewish civilization, withcourses covering Religious Foundations, Historical,Material, and Social Perspectives, and Jewish Creativityand Cultural Production. In both tracks, study of an appropriateforeign language is also required.As director of Undergraduate Studies, I worked withcolleagues and the CLA Office of Advising to do full justiceto the diversity of the faculty associated with the Center forJewish Studies at the University. In the past two yearsalone, regular and affiliated appointments to the Centerhave grown from fourteen to twenty-two, with colleaguesfrom nine CLA departments as well as the School ofMusic, Anderson Library, and the Center for Holocaust andGenocide Studies. This breadth of faculty teaching andresearch allowed us to articulate and realize two goals.15

OUTREACH 2004-05CNESby Stephen Smith, Education SpecialistCollege in the Schools“College in the Schools” (CIS) is the University ofMinnesota’s concurrent enrollment program, throughwhich students in participating high schools can take college-levelcourses without leaving school grounds.Students who successfully complete a CIS course automaticallyreceive University of Minnesota credit withouthaving to take a special exam such as an AdvancedPlacement (AP) test. Like AP courses, CIS courses aretaught by specially trained high school teachers, but CISteachers work under the guidance of University facultyand also have the opportunity to gain a limited amount ofgraduate credit in recognition of the additional time andeffort involved in teaching a CIS course.Reaching out to Minnesota schoolsAndrea Berlin and Doug Olson have received aCouncil on Public Engagement (COPE) Grant to fund apilot program called “Classics in the Schools,” in whichCNES graduate students and undergraduate majors willmake presentations to 6th grade Ancient Civilizations and9th grade World History students in public middle andhigh schools in Minneapolis and St. Paul.Christopher Nappa continues to edit Mercurius, anewsletter published by the Classical Association ofMinnesota for Latin students in the state’s middle andhigh schools. This year’s issues spotlight the aftermath ofthe Trojan War and the wanderings of Aeneas, including areview of Troy by Nita Krevans.Through the College in the Schools program, CNESoffers courses in beginning, intermediate, and advancedHebrew (coordinated by Renana Schneller) and intermediateLatin (coordinated by Oliver Nicholson and StephenSmith) at several area high schools. Enrollments havebeen increasing steadily in both languages over the pastfew years.Now in its fourth year, the Hebrew program has classesat St. Louis Park High School (taught by Zohari Stein),Talmud Torah Minneapolis (taught by Tamar Ghidalia, Dr.Yaakov Levi, Zohari Stein, Missy Lavintman), and TalmudTorah St. Paul (taught by Yosi Gordon, Rita Shachar, RivaNolley, Karen Kramer, Dr. Arie Zmora, Dalia Vlodaver).We have a combined enrollment of 120 students thisyear.The Latin program is now officially in its second year.Joining St. Thomas Academy (Mitch Taraschi, MA ’94)and Cretin-Derham Hall (Judith Cavanaugh) this year areEdina High School (Emese Pilgram) and ProvidenceAcademy (Michael Tiffany, BA ’89). Together with ourclasses at the UM-Rochester campus (Ellen Sassenberg,BA ’97), this gives us an enrollment of 52 students for fall2004 and 43 for spring 2005. We’ve had inquiries from afew other schools as well, and so it looks like the programwill keep expanding for the foreseeable future.Stephen Smith took a group of student volunteers,including Rachel Bruzzone, Tom Hendrickson, and MiriamTworek Hofstetter (all BA ’05) to help out behind thescenes at the annual Ludi Romani in December, hostedby Minnehaha Academy. Jessi Donaldson and grad studentDave Oosterhuis also helped out.Reaching out to colleagues in the state and the nationIn October 2005 CNES will be hosting the 25th annualmeeting of the Classical Association of Minnesota,which returns to its 2003 meeting site in the CampusClub.In June 2006 the department’s Hebrew program willwelcome the annual conference of the NationalAssociation of Professors of Hebrew (NAPH) to theUniversity and the Twin Cities. Bringing together Hebrewscholars in North America, Latin America, Europe,Australia, and Israel, this conference is the leading forumfor the exchange of ideas on Hebrew literature, linguistics,pedagogy, and technology-enhanced instruction.Minnesota’s selection as the host for the conference highlightsour increasingly recognized status as a leader inthe area of Hebrew studies. Since this will be the onlyModern Hebrew conference held in the Twin Cities, it willprovide a wonderful opportunity for local Hebrew teachersat all levels to exchange ideas with nearly 150 colleaguesfrom around the world.16

On the web, on the air, and in printUnder the leadership of AnneSalisbury, the Minnesota chapter ofthe Archaeological Institute ofAmerica has produced a publicaccess television series with eightshows by Minnesota archaeologistsand historians who work at sitesaround the Mediterranean. In theintroductory segment Andrea Berlinexplained “What is Archaeology?” andalso contributed another segment onthe University’s excavations at TelKedesh. Eva von Dassow’s segmentfocused on cuneiform writing andancient archives. In the concludingsegment Andrea and Eva discussedforgeries and issues of preservation,focusing on the so-called “JamesOssuary” and the looting of theNational Museum in Baghdad (seewww.tc.umn.edu/~call0031/mnaia.htmlfor more information).Oliver Nicholson writes a monthlycolumn on wine in particular andhuman civilization in general for TheRake (www.rakemag.com) and alsodoes monthly 10-minute radio spotson Cities 97 FM.A brief archaeological and historicalcommentary by Andrea Berlin andJodi Magness (UNC-Chapel Hill) onMel Gibson’s The Passion of theChrist can be found at:www.archaeological.org/webinfo.php?page=10243.FACULTY LECTURESAND FORA, 2004-2005Sept. 25, Beth El Synagogue: “Individual versus Collective Sin andAtonement: Making Sense of the Martyrology in the Yom Kippur AvodahService” (Ra’anan Boustan)Oct. 27, Bait Yaakov Girls High School: “Plato’s Apology” (Nita Krevans)Dec. 3, Catholic Workers of Stillwater: “Devotion to the Virgin Mary amongthe Christians of Contemporary Egypt” (Philip Sellew)Dec. 6, Mount Zion Synagogue: “A Different Hannukah Story: ArchaeologicalRevelations from Israel” (Andrea Berlin)Jan. 13, Minneapolis Institute of Arts: “Archives in Clay and Troops inCuneiform: Society and History of Alalakh on the Orontes, circa 1450 BCE”(Eva von Dassow)Jan. 15, Adath Jeshrun Synagogue “Jewish Sampler Night”: “ArchaeologicalForgeries and the Antiquities Market” (Andrea Berlin)Feb. 8-Mar. 22, University Episcopal Center: “Confessions of St. Augustine”Lenten Series (Oliver Nicholson)Feb. 18-19, MacLaurin Institute: Response and panel discussion at BiblicalReliability Conference (Philip Sellew)Feb. 23, College of St. Catherine: “On Canon and Interpretation” (BernardLevinson)Mar. 1, Center for Jewish Studies Faculty Colloquium: “Jewish Counter-Geography in a Christianizing Empire: Martyrs, Relics and Pilgrimage inLate Antiquity” (Ra’anan Boustan)Mar. 13, Frank Theatre: Discussion of Women of Troy (Nita Krevans)Mar. 16, College of St. Catherine: “The Beginnings of Household Judaism”(Andrea Berlin)Apr. 5, Beth El Synagogue: “Do Jews Believe in Angels?” (Ra’ananBoustan)17

CNES LECTURE SERIES 2004-2005September 17, 2004Professor ChrisFaraone, University ofChicago.“Two Curses InvolvingTheft (Judges 17.1-4and KAI 3,89):Evidence for theSemitic Origin ofGreek Curses AgainstThieves?”February 2, 2005Sundet Family Chair in New Testament Studies, LectureSeries. Professor Cal Roetzel.“Sex and the Single God: Early Christian Celibacy in itsGreco-Roman Context”October 29, 2004Professor KathleenColeman, HarvardUniversity.“Q. SulpiciusMaximus,poet, elevenyears old”February 7, 2005Sundet Family Chair in New Testament Studies, LectureSeries. Professor Derek Krueger.“Textual Bodies: Plotinus, Syncletica, and the theology ofthe Corpus”March 4, 2005Professor Mark L. Lawall,University of Manitoba.“The ‘Barbarized’ Economy:Asia Minor between Persiaand Athens, ca 550 - ca.350BC”18December 3, 2004Professor MatthewR. Christ, IndianaUniversity.“Draft Evasion inClassical Athens”April 8, 2005Brent Shaw, Professorof Classics, PrincetonUniversity.“Athletes of Death:Suicide in Augustine'sAfrica”

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