who medicines strategy - libdoc.who.int - World Health Organization
who medicines strategy - libdoc.who.int - World Health Organization who medicines strategy - libdoc.who.int - World Health Organization
WHO MEDICINES STRATEGY 2004-2007 | 28>>>The policy process is just as important as thepolicy document. A systematic approachto the policy process includes assessmentof the pharmaceutical situation, planning astrategy based on the results of this assessment,implementation of the strategy, and ongoingmonitoring. Assessment and monitoring of thepharmaceutical situation are vital in order toidentify strengths and weaknesses, determinepriority health needs, track progress, coordinatedonor support, and raise funds. Data gatheredduring assessments should be used to informpolicy plans. The planning process should involveall key stakeholders. Working together to defineobjectives, set priorities, and develop strategieshelps ensure joint ownership of plans and thecommitment of key stakeholders — a criticalneed in view of the national effort necessary forimplementation.Although many countries have adopted andrevised NMPs, not all of them have succeededin systematically implementing these policiesand monitoring them effectively or ensuring thatthey are tailored to national health priorities.New challenges are also arising. For instance, theimpact of international, regional, and bilateraltrade agreements on access to medicines needsto be carefully monitored to safeguard publichealth. Other challenges include increasing thehuman resource capacity in the pharmaceuticalsector, promoting innovation of medicallyneeded new medicines for neglected diseasesand other public health priorities, addressinggender differences in access and rational use ofmedicines, promoting the recognition of accessto medicines as a human right, and promotingethical practices and anti-corruption measures inthe pharmaceutical sector.In defining the expectedoutcomes for WHO MedicinesStrategy 2004-2007, WHO willadvocate for and support theimplementation and monitoring ofmedicines policies based on theconcept of essential medicines;will monitor the impact of tradeagreements on access to qualityessential medicines; and will buildcapacity in the pharmaceuticalsector.
COMPONENTS OF THE STRATEGY | 29EO 1.1Medicines policies developed,updated, and implemented,taking into consideration health,development, and intersectoralpolicies to achieve maximum impactRationaleExperience in many countries has shown thatissues relating to medicines are best addressedwithin a common policy framework. EffectiveNMPs improve access and rational use ofquality essential medicines. WHO recommendsthat all countries formulate and implementcomprehensive NMPs, within the framework ofa particular health care system, a national healthpolicy and, where appropriate, a programme ofhealth sector reform. The goals of NMPs shouldbe consistent with broader health objectives andtheir implementation should help attain thoseobjectives.ProgressIn 2001, WHO revised and updated itspublication on How to develop a nationaldrug policy. Over the past two years, over120 countries have been supported in thedevelopment, updating, and implementationof NMPs. In response to WHO’s Questionnaireon Structures and Processes of CountryPharmaceutical Situations, 98 out of 131countries reported having a NMP 5 .The Essential Drugs Monitor, which has reportedon the findings of numerous country case studieson different aspects of the development andimplementation of NMPs, continues to provide aninvaluable resource for Member States.Whilst the number of countries with NMPs isimpressive, many of these were developed, ofnecessity, as ‘stand alone’ policies. There is nowa need to update these NMPs, in consultationwith key stakeholders, to take account ofchanging health, development and intersectoralpolicies. Meanwhile, in some countries, NMPsexist on paper but have not been disseminated,implemented or monitored in a systematicmanner.Meeting the challenges in 2004-2007Over the next four years WHO will:> advocate for and support the development ofNMPs and associated implementation plans,including plans for ongoing monitoring.> support countries in their efforts to reviewtheir NMPs and to integrate them intowider health and intersectoral policies andprogrammes.> encourage strengthened collaborationbetween ministries of health and other keystakeholders in the development and reviewof NMPs, through ensuring ownership andcommitment to NMPs and implementationstrategies.> Commission articles for the Essential DrugsMonitor outlining country experiences in thedevelopment and implementation of NMPs asa means of sharing global knowledge.OUTCOME INDICATORS1999 2003 2007ChallengesNo. of countries with an official national medicines policydocument – new or updated within the last 10 yearsNo. of countries with a national medicines policyimplementation plan – new or updated within the last 5years#REPORTING % TARGET#REPORTING % TARGET67/152 44% 55% 62/123 50% 59%41/106 39% 43% 49/103 48% 61%
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WHO MEDICINES STRATEGY 2004-2007 | 28>>>The policy process is just as important as thepolicy document. A systematic approachto the policy process includes assessmentof the pharmaceutical situation, planning a<strong>strategy</strong> based on the results of this assessment,implementation of the <strong>strategy</strong>, and ongoingmonitoring. Assessment and monitoring of thepharmaceutical situation are vital in order toidentify strengths and weaknesses, determinepriority health needs, track progress, coordinatedonor support, and raise funds. Data gatheredduring assessments should be used to informpolicy plans. The planning process should involveall key stakeholders. Working together to defineobjectives, set priorities, and develop strategieshelps ensure jo<strong>int</strong> ownership of plans and thecommitment of key stakeholders — a criticalneed in view of the national effort necessary forimplementation.Although many countries have adopted andrevised NMPs, not all of them have succeededin systematically implementing these policiesand monitoring them effectively or ensuring thatthey are tailored to national health priorities.New challenges are also arising. For instance, theimpact of <strong>int</strong>ernational, regional, and bilateraltrade agreements on access to <strong>medicines</strong> needsto be carefully monitored to safeguard publichealth. Other challenges include increasing thehuman resource capacity in the pharmaceuticalsector, promoting innovation of medicallyneeded new <strong>medicines</strong> for neglected diseasesand other public health priorities, addressinggender differences in access and rational use of<strong>medicines</strong>, promoting the recognition of accessto <strong>medicines</strong> as a human right, and promotingethical practices and anti-corruption measures <strong>int</strong>he pharmaceutical sector.In defining the expectedoutcomes for WHO MedicinesStrategy 2004-2007, WHO willadvocate for and support theimplementation and monitoring of<strong>medicines</strong> policies based on theconcept of essential <strong>medicines</strong>;will monitor the impact of tradeagreements on access to qualityessential <strong>medicines</strong>; and will buildcapacity in the pharmaceuticalsector.
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