who medicines strategy - libdoc.who.int - World Health Organization

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WHO MEDICINES STRATEGY 2004-2007 | 1625 YEARS OF EXPERIENCEWITH THE ESSENTIAL MEDICINES CONCEPTThe essential medicines concept arose from thegrowing recognition that medicines bring dangersas well as great promise, and the realization thatdeveloping countries were spending up to 40% oftheir health expenditure on medicines. Originallyknown as “essential drugs”, the concept emergedin the 1970s with a definition of essential drugsin 1975 and the publication of the first WHOModel List of Essential Drugs in 1977 followed bythe 1978 Declaration of Alma Ata that identified“provision of essential drugs” as one of the eightelements of primary health care.Revalidation of the concept is taking place in the21 st century with inclusion of access to essentialmedicines in the UN’s Millennium DevelopmentGoals (MDGs), and with WHO modernizing themethods for selection and publishing the firstWHO Model Formulary.This has led to a complete overhaul and renewalof the whole essential medicines concept.The 1980s saw the operationalization of theessential drugs concept with the establishmentof the Action Programme for Essential Drugs inGeneva and national essential drugs programmesin five countries. A number of non-governmentalorganizations (NGOs) such as Health ActionInternational (HAI) and the International Networkfor Rational Use of Drugs ( INRUD) were formedto support the implementation of the concept.Consolidation and expansion during the 1990swas carried out in an environment that waschanging politically, pharmaceutically, andepidemiologically.
MEDICINES AND PUBLIC HEALTH | 17HOPE AND PROMISE FOR THE FUTURESignificant progress has been made in:strengthening national pharmaceuticalprogrammes, with notable achievements incountries in each of the six WHO regions;developing effective medicines regulation;maximizing the impact of WHO clinicalguidelines; helping countries respond to theimpact of trade on their pharmaceutical sector;promoting safe and effective use of traditionalmedicine; and monitoring WHO’s work inessential drugs and medicines policy.WHO’s current priority in medicines is to expandaccess to essential medicines, particularly forlow-income and disadvantaged populations andfor the priority diseases of HIV/AIDS, TB, andmalaria. Considerable progress is being madeon drug selection and drug pricing. Greaterfocus is being put on financing, supply systems,and quality assurance, areas in which effectivework with countries and partnerships withother international organizations, aid agencies,and NGOs are crucial for achieving sound,sustainable results.
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REFERENCES
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REFERENCES | 1471Annual report 2000
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REFERENCES | 14912 th Model List of
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