Chuuk State Census Report - pacificweb.org
Chuuk State Census Report - pacificweb.org Chuuk State Census Report - pacificweb.org
Chapter 8. Education2000 FSM Census of Chuuk Statethe younger age groups. For example, migration could explain some of the decline in the proportion of individualswith bachelor's degrees between those aged 30 to 34 years and those aged 25 to 29 years.Table 8.9: Educational Attainment for Age 25 Years and Over by Age Group and Sex, Chuuk State: 1994 and 20001994 2000Educational attainment Total 25-29 30-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Total 25-29 30-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+Total 13823 2,865 2,609 4,377 2,026 1,178 768 19,980 3,999 3,147 5,419 3,788 1,682 1,945Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0Elementary School 38.5 32.5 32.7 32.5 47.3 54.3 68.4 52.2 43.8 44.3 43.2 53.6 71.4 87.9High School, no diploma 23.4 28.1 28.1 22.7 18.2 20.0 13.8 23.1 28.7 29.6 28.0 17.7 12.9 6.3High School Graduates 16.9 20.3 18.7 18.2 13.0 11.5 8.6 11.1 14.2 12.9 13.3 10.0 5.6 2.6Some College 9.6 12.9 11.3 10.6 5.8 4.4 3.4 7.2 9.8 8.9 8.3 6.7 2.6 1.5Associate Degree 6.3 3.6 5.2 8.7 7.8 5.6 2.7 4.4 3.0 3.2 4.9 7.7 4.6 0.9Bachelors Degree 2.8 0.8 1.7 4.2 4.4 2.3 1.8 1.7 0.5 0.9 1.9 3.6 2.1 0.6Higher Degree 2.5 1.8 2.5 3.1 3.5 1.9 1.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.3Males 7,295 1,471 1,326 2,292 1,128 671 407 9,788 1,967 1,576 2,677 1,894 799 875Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0Elementary School 30.0 27.9 26.1 23.2 32.2 42.0 63.4 45.3 44.0 40.2 38.5 39.1 55.8 82.1High School, no diploma 24.0 27.7 28.7 22.1 20.6 24.9 14.0 24.9 29.5 30.5 27.9 20.7 19.1 9.5High School Graduates 18.2 22.2 19.3 18.7 15.8 14.8 9.3 12.0 13.5 13.8 13.6 12.2 8.1 3.7Some College 11.4 13.2 13.2 13.9 8.3 5.1 4.7 9.1 9.7 10.9 11.3 9.5 4.1 2.1Associate Degree 8.0 4.4 6.2 11.0 11.0 7.3 3.4 5.7 2.7 3.4 5.8 11.4 8.0 1.4Bachelors Degree 3.9 1.2 2.0 5.8 6.5 3.0 2.7 2.4 0.6 1.0 2.4 5.9 3.3 0.8Higher Degree 4.5 3.5 4.5 5.4 5.7 3.0 2.5 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.5 1.2 1.5 0.6Females 6,528 1,394 1,283 2,085 898 507 361 10,192 2,032 1,571 2,742 1,894 883 1,070Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0Elementary School 48.1 37.3 39.4 42.7 66.4 70.6 74.0 58.8 43.5 48.4 47.8 68.2 85.5 92.6High School, no diploma 22.8 28.5 27.4 23.3 15.1 13.6 13.6 21.3 27.9 28.8 28.0 14.7 7.2 3.7High School Graduates 15.4 18.4 18.0 17.7 9.5 7.1 7.8 10.2 14.8 12.0 12.9 7.7 3.4 1.7Some College 7.5 12.6 9.3 7.0 2.7 3.6 1.9 5.4 9.8 6.9 5.5 3.9 1.1 1.0Associate Degree 4.3 2.8 4.2 6.2 3.8 3.4 1.9 3.1 3.3 3.1 3.9 4.1 1.5 0.5Bachelors Degree 1.6 0.4 1.3 2.5 1.9 1.4 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.8 1.5 1.3 1.1 0.5Higher Degree 0.4 - 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.4 - 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.1 -Source: 1994 FSM Censuses, Table P101; 2000 FSM Census, Table P3-12..Educational attainment for males in Chuuk State varied according to specific age groups. For instance, age 65 and overdominated elementary level, age group 45-54 dominated levels for Associate Degree, Bachelors Degree, and HigherDegree attainment, age group 30-34 dominated the high school, no diploma education attainment level, and age 35-44dominated some college level. The proportion of males as high school graduates ranged between 25-29 in 1994 to 30-34 in 2000. On a general basis, the proportion of males at the elementary and high school levels increased since 1994but decreased for all the other educational attainment level. This may mean that males tend to drop out of school afterelementary and high school education for various reasons, which may include seeking employment.Female educational attainment for all levels except for elementary were lower than males. Higher level educationalattainment was slightly lower among females aged 25 years and over in Chuuk State in both 1994 and 2000, comparedto their male counterparts (see bottom panel of Table 8.9). The male and female patterns were similar, but the levelswere different. Nevertheless, improvements in female elementary educational attainment by age were much morepronounced. For example, the elementary educational attainment among females aged 55-64 increased from 71percent in 1994 to 86 percent in 2000. For the age group 65 and over it increased from 74 percent to 93 percent, andincreased from 37 percent to 44 percent for those aged 25-29. In 2000 the proportion of females with an educationalattainment of high school or higher decreased but those with some high school education increased. The educationallevels of some college and Associate Degree increased for age group 45-54 in 2000, the proportion of age group 25-29for Bachelors Degree remained the same for both census years, and that of Higher Degree for all age groups decreasedin 2000. These data confirm that while males are more privileged than females for school enrollment, the differentialshave been reduced in recent years.Educational Attainment by Place of BirthAnother process affecting perceived improvements in educational attainment in Chuuk State is the immigration ofeducated persons. The difference emerges in the comparison of educational attainment of persons born in Chuuk Stateand those born elsewhere, in other FSM States or Outside of FSM. Table 8.10 shows educational attainment for age 25years and over by place of birth. Among the population aged 25 years and over who had attended some school, 4 inevery 5 of the non-FSM born population had college level educational attainment compared to 1 in 5 for the Chuukborn population. Similarly, the proportion of non-FSM born with Bachelors Degree increased from 9 percent to 27percent between 1994 and 2000 while that of Chuuk born decreased from 3 percent to 2 percent. In general there wasa higher tendency for people with higher education to migrate, resulting in an improved educational attainment for thecountry of destination. However, for Chuuk the number of immigrants is quite small, thus their contribution to the“improvement” is very slight.70 Chuuk Branch Statistics Office, Division of Statistics, FSM Department of Economic Affairs
2000 FSM Census of Chuuk StateChapter 8. EducationTable 8.10: Educational Attainment for Age 25 Years and Over by Place of Birth, Chuuk State: 1994 and 20001994 2000Chuuk Other Outside Chuuk Other OutsideEducational attainment Total born FSM state FSM Total born FSM state FSMTotal 13,823 13,307 66 450 19,980 19,791 101 88Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0Elementary 38.5 39.8 40.9 1.3 52.2 52.5 20.8 11.4Some 22.3 23.0 22.7 1.1 18.4 18.5 10.9 6.8Graduates 16.3 16.8 18.2 0.2 33.7 34.0 9.9 4.5High school 40.3 41.1 37.9 17.3 34.1 34.1 49.5 20.5Some 23.4 24.2 15.2 1.3 23.1 23.1 28.7 3.4Graduates 16.9 16.9 22.7 16.0 11.1 11.0 20.8 17.0College 21.2 19.1 21.2 81.3 13.7 13.4 29.7 68.2Some credits 9.6 9.8 7.6 4.4 7.2 7.2 13.9 13.6Associate degree 6.3 6.2 12.1 6.2 4.4 4.3 9.9 14.8Occupational 3.3 3.3 7.6 3.1 2.3 2.3 7.9 6.8Academic 3.0 3.0 4.5 3.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 8.0Bachelor degree 2.8 2.6 1.5 9.1 1.7 1.6 4.0 27.3Grads or Prof. 2.5 0.6 - 61.6 0.4 0.3 2.0 12.5Source: 1994 FSM Census, Table P104; 2000 FSM Census, Table P5-11.Literacy StatusThe proportion of literates among the population aged 10 years and over in 2000 was 89 percent, a decrease from 92percent in 1994 but increase from 88 percent in 1980 (Table 8.11and Figure 8.4). An inverse relationship existedbetween literacy and age where the proportion of literates decreased as age increased, showing better education for theyounger generation. The differential in literacy status between males and females was remarkable among the oldergenerations yet decreased for the younger generations under the age of 30. This suggests an improvement in femaleeducation in the recent past.Table 8.11: Literate Population for Aged 10 Years and Over by Age Group and Sex, Chuuk State: 1980, 1994 and 20001980 1994 2000Age groups Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males FemalesTotal 10+ yrs 24,999 12,695 12,304 36,779 18,642 18,137 38,943 19,681 19,262Percent 87.5 88.6 86.3 91.9 92.8 91.0 89.3 89.6 88.910 to 14 years 85.6 85.9 85.2 91.5 90.4 92.6 88.5 86.9 90.415 to 19 years 89.4 88.8 89.9 94.6 94.4 95.0 92.7 90.9 94.520 to 24 years 91.4 91.4 91.4 95.0 94.8 95.3 91.7 90.8 92.625 to 29 years 92.6 92.5 92.6 94.7 94.8 94.6 91.6 91.2 91.930 to 34 years 90.1 93.4 86.6 95.3 96.4 94.1 90.9 91.1 90.735 to 44 years 88.4 91.3 85.7 94.6 95.8 93.4 92.2 92.5 91.845 to 54 years 84.2 88.1 80.1 89.5 93.2 85.6 89.6 93.0 86.255 to 59 years 82.9 85.2 80.6 84.6 90.9 78.8 82.0 88.9 75.760 to 64 years 81.0 81.0 80.9 79.9 83.2 76.1 74.1 79.1 69.765 to 74 years 75.2 80.8 69.7 75.2 79.6 71.4 68.4 74.0 63.675 yrs & over 70.6 67.5 73.5 69.0 76.6 64.1 67.1 79.5 57.6Source: 1980 TTPI Census, Table T29; 1994 FSM Census, Table P42; 2000 FSM Census, Table P2-13.Figure 8.4. Literate Population by Age and Sex, Chuuk: 200010090MaleFemalePercent literate8070605010-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-44 45-54 55-59 60-64 65-74 75+AgeChuuk Branch Statistics Office, Division of Statistics, FSM Department of Economic Affairs 71
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2000 FSM <strong>Census</strong> of <strong>Chuuk</strong> <strong>State</strong>Chapter 8. EducationTable 8.10: Educational Attainment for Age 25 Years and Over by Place of Birth, <strong>Chuuk</strong> <strong>State</strong>: 1994 and 20001994 2000<strong>Chuuk</strong> Other Outside <strong>Chuuk</strong> Other OutsideEducational attainment Total born FSM state FSM Total born FSM state FSMTotal 13,823 13,307 66 450 19,980 19,791 101 88Percent 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0Elementary 38.5 39.8 40.9 1.3 52.2 52.5 20.8 11.4Some 22.3 23.0 22.7 1.1 18.4 18.5 10.9 6.8Graduates 16.3 16.8 18.2 0.2 33.7 34.0 9.9 4.5High school 40.3 41.1 37.9 17.3 34.1 34.1 49.5 20.5Some 23.4 24.2 15.2 1.3 23.1 23.1 28.7 3.4Graduates 16.9 16.9 22.7 16.0 11.1 11.0 20.8 17.0College 21.2 19.1 21.2 81.3 13.7 13.4 29.7 68.2Some credits 9.6 9.8 7.6 4.4 7.2 7.2 13.9 13.6Associate degree 6.3 6.2 12.1 6.2 4.4 4.3 9.9 14.8Occupational 3.3 3.3 7.6 3.1 2.3 2.3 7.9 6.8Academic 3.0 3.0 4.5 3.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 8.0Bachelor degree 2.8 2.6 1.5 9.1 1.7 1.6 4.0 27.3Grads or Prof. 2.5 0.6 - 61.6 0.4 0.3 2.0 12.5Source: 1994 FSM <strong>Census</strong>, Table P104; 2000 FSM <strong>Census</strong>, Table P5-11.Literacy StatusThe proportion of literates among the population aged 10 years and over in 2000 was 89 percent, a decrease from 92percent in 1994 but increase from 88 percent in 1980 (Table 8.11and Figure 8.4). An inverse relationship existedbetween literacy and age where the proportion of literates decreased as age increased, showing better education for theyounger generation. The differential in literacy status between males and females was remarkable among the oldergenerations yet decreased for the younger generations under the age of 30. This suggests an improvement in femaleeducation in the recent past.Table 8.11: Literate Population for Aged 10 Years and Over by Age Group and Sex, <strong>Chuuk</strong> <strong>State</strong>: 1980, 1994 and 20001980 1994 2000Age groups Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males FemalesTotal 10+ yrs 24,999 12,695 12,304 36,779 18,642 18,137 38,943 19,681 19,262Percent 87.5 88.6 86.3 91.9 92.8 91.0 89.3 89.6 88.910 to 14 years 85.6 85.9 85.2 91.5 90.4 92.6 88.5 86.9 90.415 to 19 years 89.4 88.8 89.9 94.6 94.4 95.0 92.7 90.9 94.520 to 24 years 91.4 91.4 91.4 95.0 94.8 95.3 91.7 90.8 92.625 to 29 years 92.6 92.5 92.6 94.7 94.8 94.6 91.6 91.2 91.930 to 34 years 90.1 93.4 86.6 95.3 96.4 94.1 90.9 91.1 90.735 to 44 years 88.4 91.3 85.7 94.6 95.8 93.4 92.2 92.5 91.845 to 54 years 84.2 88.1 80.1 89.5 93.2 85.6 89.6 93.0 86.255 to 59 years 82.9 85.2 80.6 84.6 90.9 78.8 82.0 88.9 75.760 to 64 years 81.0 81.0 80.9 79.9 83.2 76.1 74.1 79.1 69.765 to 74 years 75.2 80.8 69.7 75.2 79.6 71.4 68.4 74.0 63.675 yrs & over 70.6 67.5 73.5 69.0 76.6 64.1 67.1 79.5 57.6Source: 1980 TTPI <strong>Census</strong>, Table T29; 1994 FSM <strong>Census</strong>, Table P42; 2000 FSM <strong>Census</strong>, Table P2-13.Figure 8.4. Literate Population by Age and Sex, <strong>Chuuk</strong>: 200010090MaleFemalePercent literate8070605010-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-44 45-54 55-59 60-64 65-74 75+Age<strong>Chuuk</strong> Branch Statistics Office, Division of Statistics, FSM Department of Economic Affairs 71