some studies on dyeing properties of cotton fabrics with crocus ...

AUTEX Research Journal, Vol. 9, No1, March 2009 © AUTEXTable 1. Effect of using different pH values of mordants on the colour strength of cotton fabric dyed by traditional and ultrasonicmethods using Crocus sativus (pre-, simultaneous, and post-dyeing and mordanting methods).MordantTypeCoppersulphatePotassiumaluminiumsulphateTannicAcidFerroussulphateStannouschloridepH valuePremordantingand dyeingmethodTraditional methodSimultaneousmordantingand dyeingmethodColour strength (K/S)Postmordantingand dyeingmethodPremordantingand dyeingmethodUltrasonic methodSimultaneousmordantingand dyeingmethodPostmordantingand dyeingmethod3 2.60 2.60 2.91 2.98 2.98 3.004 2.79 2.96 2.99 3.00 3.00 3.335 2.84 2.96 3.00 3.10 3.00 3.386 3.11 3.26 3.04 3.30 3.35 3.427 3.37 3.33 3.48 3.50 3.42 3.638 3.47 3.40 3.57 3.69 3.44 3.683 2.51 2.57 3.50 2.73 2.73 3.734 2.82 2.60 3.62 2.97 2.99 3.805 2.98 2.81 3.71 3.00 3.11 3.876 3.11 2.98 3.83 3.31 3.26 3.987 3.35 3.00 3.90 3.48 3.30 4.108 3.43 3.20 3.97 3.58 3.43 4.323 2.43 2.42 3.51 2.67 2.50 3.674 2.55 2.47 3.57 2.70 2.59 3.775 2.76 2.54 3.70 2.98 2.63 3.806 2.89 2.60 3.72 3.00 2.70 3.837 3.18 2.67 3.75 3.30 2.74 3.878 3.29 2.70 3.80 3.55 2.83 3.913 1.90 2.37 2.87 2.50 2.48 2.934 2.00 2.44 2.99 2.55 2.54 3.005 2.40 2.53 3.01 2.73 2.70 3.106 2.63 2.64 3.08 2.78 2.73 3.257 2.75 2.71 3.33 2.90 2.77 3.588 2.78 2.99 3.57 3.00 3.15 3.633 3.00 2.97 2.73 3.40 3.16 2.854 3.11 2.40 2.70 3.38 2.67 2.825 2.40 2.30 2.58 2.57 2.69 2.676 2.63 2.08 2.42 2.70 2.57 2.587 2.68 2.03 2.40 2.74 2.37 2.478 2.74 1.98 2.33 2.78 2.28 2.38From Table 8, it can be observed that the colour strength ofdyed fabrics increases when the concentration of mordantused is increased. It was found that ultrasonic dyeing of cottonsamples gave a deeper shade (higher K/S) than the traditionalmethod did.It can be observed that the colour strength of dyed mordantcotton samples for the different mordant salts follows theorder copper sulphate > potassium aluminum sulphate >tannic acid > stannous chloride > ferrous sulphate in the caseof pre-mordanting.Simultaneous dyeing and mordanting methodTable 9 shows the use of different pH values with differentkinds of mordants. Better colour strength results aredependant on the metal salt used. On the other hand, fromTable (10) it can be observed that the colour strength (K/S) ofdyed fabrics increases when the concentration of mordantused is increased. Ultrasonic dyeing of mordanted cottonsamples gave a deeper shade (higher K/S) than the traditionalmethod did. It can be observed that the colour strength indyed mordant cotton fabric for different mordant salts followsthe order potassium aluminum sulphate > copper sulphate >ferrous sulphate > stannous chloride > tannic acid when thesimultaneous mordanting and dyeing method is used.Post-mordanting methodTable 11 shows the effect of using different pH values (3–8)with different kinds of mordants. Better colour strength resultsare obtained using different pre-mordants and are dependenton the metal salt used. From Table 12, it can be observed thatthe colour strength (K/S) of dyed fabrics increases when thehttp://www.autexrj.org/No1-2009/ 0266.pdf32