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Section 5RecommendationsAs key sites for threatened plants andhabitats the following actions arerecommended to ensure the sustainableprotection of IPAs and their features:■ Ensuring the identity of IPAs as themost significant network for conservationof threatened plant taxa and habitats inEurope.■ Developing a strategic action plan forthe IPA network and identifying thepeople and organisations to watch overthem and to promote them at thenational and international level.■ Obtaining protection status for nonprotectedIPAs.Of the 276 IPAs in Romania, 20 IPAs (7%), qualify under all three criteria, 179 IPAs (65%)qualify under two criteria and 79 IPAs (28%) qualify under one criterion (A or B or C).Seventy-nine IPAs were selected for only one criterion, of these 20 IPAs were selectedfor criterion A species, 21 IPAs for criterion B and 38 for criterion C.The highestnumber of Criterion A taxa recorded in one IPA was 40 and the highest number ofCriterion C habitat types recorded in one IPA was 11.Key threats to IPAs in RomaniaNo. ofIPAs■ Identifying new IPAs (IPA identificationneed to be understood as a dynamic andongoing process).■ Developing a national IPA monitoringsystem.■ Developing management plans for IPAsas a part of the national strategy forbiodiversity conservation.■ Organising a programme on “capacitybuilding for IPA sustainability”■ Raising awareness among politicians,local communities and the general publicabout the importance of IPAs and toinvolve them in the IPAprotection andconservation.■ Developing funding proposals forACTIONS to conserve IPAs!Recreation and tourism development is the most widespread threat to IPAs inRomania (104 IPAs). Intensification or expansion of grazing is also a significant threat,occurring at 80 IPAs and general agricultural intensification affects 24 IPAs. Poorforestry practices affect 100 IPAs (deforestation 63 IPAs, afforestation 38 IPAs, IFMintensified forest management 37 IPAs). Habitat fragmentation affects 24 IPAs, often toa high level. Natural events such as drought, disease etc are recorded as threats at 43IPAs and climate change and sea level rise as a low level threat at 40 IPAs. Urbandevelopment, construction of dams, dykes and barriers, and inappropriate watermanagement systems also threatens several IPAs.Significant globally and European-level threatened habitats, such as coastal dunegrasslands, broadleaved deciduous and coniferous woodland, and alluvial forest, are stillwell represented in Romania. However they are increasingly affected by tourism,agriculture and deforestation and they require special management measures as soonas possible. Unfortunately the connection between scientific information and politicalwill is still weak and in many cases even existing protected areas have no realmanagement. Human capacity and the necessary infrastructure need to be developedto make the protection and conservation system work.54
RomaniaANCA SARBUReferences:Jalas, J. & Suominen J. (eds.). 1972-1999,Atlas Florae Europaeae.Vols. 1-10.Helsinki.Jalas, J.,Suominen J., Lampinen R.,Kurtto A., (Eds.)1996, Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution ofvascular plants in Europe. Vol. 11. Cruciferae(Ricotia to Raphanus). Helsinki1999, Atlas Florae Europaeae. Distribution ofvascular plants in Europe. Vol. 12.Resedaceae to Platanaceae. HelsinkiMuntii Bucegi IPAThis large and diverse IPA is located in the Carpathian Mountains in the BucegiMountains National Park. It hosts significant populations of 38 globally threatenedspecies (such as Festuca bucengiensis), 20 threatened habitat types, and three rich newlydescribed habitat types under Criterion B.The site is affected by high anthropogenicpressure, especially tourism development, grazing and deforestation, and requires amanagement plan for rehabilitation of its botanical features. Picture shows Dianthusspiculifolius.Sârbu,A. (coord.), 2003, Ghid pentruidentificarea importantelor arii de protectie siconservare a plantelor din România.Bucuresti: Edit.Alo, 113 pp.ISBN 973-86.364-0-x.Săvulescu,T. (Ed.), 1952-1976, FloraRomâniei. Bucuresti: Edit.AcademieiRomâne.Vol. 1-13.ANCA SARBUPietrosul Brostenilor, Bogolin IPAThis is the only IPA in the world with the globally threatened species Andryalalevitomentosa. It also contains two threatened European habitats, alpine and boreal heath,and siliceous alpine and boreal grassland.The site covers 400 hectares in the easternCarpathians and is not a protected area.There are no direct threats but the site needsmonitoring and species reproduction research and action. Picture shows dry stonegrasslands from Dobrogrea-Allah Bair Hill which hosts 30% of the Romanian populationof Agropyron cristatum ssp brandzae a threatened endemic.55
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IMPORTANTPLANT AREAS INCENTRAL ANDE
Page 3 and 4: AcknowledgementsAcademy of Sciences
Page 5 and 6: ContentsBRANO MOLNARContentsExecuti
Page 7 and 8: Executive SummaryExecutive SummaryT
Page 9 and 10: Executive SummaryRecommendations:IP
Page 11 and 12: IntroductionMONICA SARBUDANKA PETRO
Page 13 and 14: IntroductionTransparency is one of
Page 15 and 16: IntroductionDANA TURONOVAThreats to
Page 17 and 18: MethodologyBRANO MOLNARBRANO MOLNAR
Page 19 and 20: MethodologyLichensThere were 34 lic
Page 21 and 22: MethodologyIPA site selection crite
Page 23 and 24: IPA databaseThe online IPA database
Page 25 and 26: Summary of IPA data149 threatened s
Page 27 and 28: Summary of IPA dataIPAs and Key Bio
Page 29 and 30: Summary of IPA dataDamaging forestr
Page 31 and 32: Summary of IPA dataIPAs and land us
Page 33 and 34: Summary of IPA dataNumber of IPAs w
Page 35 and 36: BelarusMethodology summaryCriteria
Page 37 and 38: BelarusOLEG MASLOVSKYRecommendation
Page 39 and 40: Czech RepublicCriteria listsCriteri
Page 41 and 42: Czech RepublicQualifying criteria f
Page 43 and 44: EstoniaEstoniaBy Mart Külvik, Anne
Page 45 and 46: EstoniaApart from nature conservati
Page 47 and 48: PolandPolandBy Zbigniew MirekPoland
Page 49 and 50: PolandHabitats and land usesNo. ofI
Page 51 and 52: RomaniaRomaniaBy Anca SârbuRomania
Page 53: RomaniaHabitats and land use:No. of
Page 57 and 58: RussiaJONATHAN RUDGEOngoing workBel
Page 59 and 60: SlovakiaMethodology summaryCriteria
Page 61 and 62: SlovakiaOf the 154 IPAs in Slovakia
Page 63 and 64: SloveniaSloveniaBy Nejc JoganSloven
Page 65 and 66: SloveniaQualifying criteria for IPA
Page 67 and 68: IPAs in South East EuropeIPAs in so
Page 69 and 70: BulgariaPETKO TSVETKOVCriteria and
Page 71 and 72: CroatiaTONI NIKOLICCriteria and met
Page 73 and 74: MacedoniaCriteria and methodologyCr
Page 75 and 76: Serbia and MontenegroDANKA PETROVI
Page 77 and 78: Serbia and MontenegroCurrent IPA st
Page 79 and 80: IPA Projects in other countriesANDR
Page 81 and 82: Habitats and land usesANCA SARBU ˘
Page 83 and 84: Habitats and land usesBRANO MONLART
Page 85 and 86: Habitats and land usesIPAs and fore
Page 87 and 88: Habitats and land usesSustainable p
Page 89 and 90: Existing legislation & programmesIP
Page 103 and 104: ContactsContactsPlantlife Internati
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