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Section 5Recommendations■ The national IPA team should developan action plan for the IPA network whichprioritises sites most in need ofprotection and management, including alist of appropriate actions and tasks, andshould aim to engage all the keystakeholders.■ Management plans for IPAs shouldbe developed, either to ensure thatexisting conservation management planstake account of features of IPAs or, todevelop specific management plans forIPAs outside of protected areas.MART KÜLVIKForestry practices threaten almost half of IPAs (51 IPAs – intensified forest management(IFM) 26 , afforestation 17 , deforestation 13). Recreation and tourist developmentthreatens 44% of IPAs.Abandonment and reduction of land management is a high orsignificant threat at 41% of IPAs. In total, development (transport/infrastructure andurban) threatens 21% of IPAs; Burning of vegetation threatens 21%; and watermanagement practices threaten 17%.■ Monitoring the state of the IPAsystem should be carried out, particularlythe threats to sites and the level ofprotection they are receiving.The systemwill include existing national biodiversitymonitoring programmes, the Natura 2000monitoring system, and monitoring ofIPAs outside protected sites and outsideof conventional monitoring programs.■ Actions should be carried out todevelop possibilities for funding actionsto protect IPAs. Existing legal instrumentsand opportunities will be adapted to IPAs(e.g. agricultural land), others need to beelaborated (e.g. for forestry).Puhtu forest and coastal meadowsPuhtu is a well preserved area of old growth, predominantly oak forest and Baltic coastalmeadows.The site contains two priority European habitats, and has been assessed forspecies richness for its mesic grasslands and its coastal shingle habitats.The park andpasture were formerly owned by the local manor and its coastal meadows, reeds andjuniper scrub are now only used a little.■ Publicity campaigns which promoteIPAs, good conservation practise at IPAs,and activities to engage people in plantconservation, should be targeted atpoliticians and the general public, andshould involve landowners and localcommunities.MART KÜLVIK■ IPAs support the Natura 2000process and improve habitat protection.Ontika cliff forests (Saka-Ontika-Toila pangamets)This is an area of unusual, old growth, cliff forests, situated on a limestone bank fed bynatural springs.The forest is dominated by lime, maple, ash, alder, and other deciduousspecies with a few examples of oak and spruce.There has been little human impact inthe forest and the priority is to protect these valuable, species rich forests.46
PolandPolandBy Zbigniew MirekPoland covers an area of over 312,000 km 2 in Central Europeand has two biogeographical zones: the Continental, whichcovers most of the country and a small area of the Alpine zonein the Carparthian Mountains of the south. Poland’s natural andsemi-natural habitats consist mainly of several types of forest,mown or grazed grasslands, including small areas of warm, dry,steppe-like grassland, as well as vast areas of swamps and peatbogs.The country also harbours two Centres of Plant Diversity,the Carpathians and the Bial ⁄ owiez·a Forest. Poland joined the EUin May 2004 and is a member of the Council of Europe.IPA national teamNational coordinating organisation:The W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Kraków,Polish Academy of SciencesNational coordinator: Zbigniew MirekOther contributing organisations:(full details of national team members andcontributing specialists are given in theacknowledgements)IPAs in PolandWOJCIECH PAULIPA summary statisticsNumber of IPAs: 116Area of IPAs (ha): 2,070,000No/Area of IPAs in protected areas (all of part): 97 IPAs/2,046,500 haBiogeographic zones: Continental (107),Alpine (9)Criteria listsCriterion A = 101 speciesAi (15),Ai/Aii (10),Aii (70),Aiii (6),Aiv (0); Habitats Directive (47), Bern (47)Vascular plants (78), Bryophytes (23), Lichens (0), Fungi (0),Algae (0)[due to data deficiencies, fungi and algae data have not yet been included]Tatra Mountains IPAsThe Tatras, located on the border ofPoland and Slovakia and the highest arc inthe Carpathians, are an exceptional areain central Europe for geological, climaticand biological diversity.They contain 28habitat types and seven species ofEuropean importance, several endemicand sub-endemic species and plantassociations, and are nationally importantbecause they contain the only site inPoland for tens of plant and fungi species.Criterion B – Applied marginally in the current project, as additional criteriaCriterion C=73habitatsCi (17), Cii (56); Habitats Directive (73) & Bern Convention (0)47
Page 1 and 2: IMPORTANTPLANT AREAS INCENTRAL ANDE
Page 3 and 4: AcknowledgementsAcademy of Sciences
Page 5 and 6: ContentsBRANO MOLNARContentsExecuti
Page 7 and 8: Executive SummaryExecutive SummaryT
Page 9 and 10: Executive SummaryRecommendations:IP
Page 11 and 12: IntroductionMONICA SARBUDANKA PETRO
Page 13 and 14: IntroductionTransparency is one of
Page 15 and 16: IntroductionDANA TURONOVAThreats to
Page 17 and 18: MethodologyBRANO MOLNARBRANO MOLNAR
Page 19 and 20: MethodologyLichensThere were 34 lic
Page 21 and 22: MethodologyIPA site selection crite
Page 23 and 24: IPA databaseThe online IPA database
Page 25 and 26: Summary of IPA data149 threatened s
Page 27 and 28: Summary of IPA dataIPAs and Key Bio
Page 29 and 30: Summary of IPA dataDamaging forestr
Page 31 and 32: Summary of IPA dataIPAs and land us
Page 33 and 34: Summary of IPA dataNumber of IPAs w
Page 35 and 36: BelarusMethodology summaryCriteria
Page 37 and 38: BelarusOLEG MASLOVSKYRecommendation
Page 39 and 40: Czech RepublicCriteria listsCriteri
Page 41 and 42: Czech RepublicQualifying criteria f
Page 43 and 44: EstoniaEstoniaBy Mart Külvik, Anne
Page 45: EstoniaApart from nature conservati
Page 49 and 50: PolandHabitats and land usesNo. ofI
Page 51 and 52: RomaniaRomaniaBy Anca SârbuRomania
Page 53 and 54: RomaniaHabitats and land use:No. of
Page 55 and 56: RomaniaANCA SARBUReferences:Jalas,
Page 57 and 58: RussiaJONATHAN RUDGEOngoing workBel
Page 59 and 60: SlovakiaMethodology summaryCriteria
Page 61 and 62: SlovakiaOf the 154 IPAs in Slovakia
Page 63 and 64: SloveniaSloveniaBy Nejc JoganSloven
Page 65 and 66: SloveniaQualifying criteria for IPA
Page 67 and 68: IPAs in South East EuropeIPAs in so
Page 69 and 70: BulgariaPETKO TSVETKOVCriteria and
Page 71 and 72: CroatiaTONI NIKOLICCriteria and met
Page 73 and 74: MacedoniaCriteria and methodologyCr
Page 75 and 76: Serbia and MontenegroDANKA PETROVI
Page 77 and 78: Serbia and MontenegroCurrent IPA st
Page 79 and 80: IPA Projects in other countriesANDR
Page 81 and 82: Habitats and land usesANCA SARBU ˘
Page 83 and 84: Habitats and land usesBRANO MONLART
Page 85 and 86: Habitats and land usesIPAs and fore
Page 87 and 88: Habitats and land usesSustainable p
Page 89 and 90: Existing legislation & programmesIP
Page 97 and 98:
Existing legislation & programmesIP
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
ContactsContactsPlantlife Internati
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