Appendix - Matrix - Michigan State University

Olympic Committee for Human
Rights (O.C.H.R.) (cant.)
schools white-listed by, 80
South Africa and, 92-94, 97
test of demands by, 64-65
University of Texas at EI Paso and,
84
white-listings of, xiii, 80
Olympic games
black ineligibility for, 78-79
boycott of (1968)
background to, 41-42, 49
banning of South Africa and,
92-97, 116
Carlos and, see Carlos, John
dissension over, 98-99
final decision on, 99-102
final stages of, 91-107
historic gains through, 108-14
idea of, x-xi
R. Johnson and, 60
R. Johnson's statement on, 62-63
King and, 58, 59
Lomax and, 57-59
mass media and, 59-60, 99, 100
Negro attempts to stop, 60-63
resolution for, 55-56
J. Robinson and, 95
T. Smith and, see Smith, Tommie
strengthening, 57-59
workshop on, 50-54
proposals to boycott (1960, 1964),
40-41
Olympic Project for Human Rights,
x, 50, 72
final decision on, 100-2
pUblic concern aroused by, 91-92
statements supporting, 63-64
strengthening, 57-59
success of, 108-9
support for, 61, 97, 98
at victory stand, 103-6
Organization of African Unity, 92
Owens, Jesse, 75, 120
evaluated, 78, 79
medals won by, 78
Olympic boycott (1968) and,
60-61
Owens, Jim, 82, 83
Paddock,Charley,78
Palo Alto Times, 68
Patrick, Dave, 108
N.Y.A.C. boycott and, 68
Powell, Adam Clayton, 107
Presley, Bob, 80
Press, discrimination and, 31; see also
Mass media
Professional athletes, 21-29
accommodations made by, 26-29
as machines, 24-26
perpetuating myth of, 36-37
as property, 22; see also Commodities
revolt of, 89-90; see also Revolts
Property, athletes as, 22; see also
Commodities
Quarterbacks, black, 18
Quota system for choosing athletes,
17-18; see also Black athletes
Racism
black professionals and, 22
early, 2-4
in college fraternities, 12-14
in San Jose State, 42-43
See also Boycotts; Desegregation;
Segregation
Radio, discrimination and, 31; see
also Mass' media
Rafferty, Max, x
Rallies, San Jose State, 43-44
Raye, Jimmy, 18
Reagan, Ronald, x, 72
Recreation, sports as, xiv-xv; see also
Sports industry
Recruitments
coaches' hopes and, 19
of college athletes, 13-15
cuts in college, 118-19
Reeb, Reverend, 75
Renaissance five, 2-3
Reporters, see Sports reporters
Revolts
of black athletes, Xv-xvii, 124-25;
see also Boycotts
curriculum (1960s), 5; see also
Colleges; Education
inevitability of, 38-39
Rhodesia, Southern, 56, 59, 93, 116
Rickey, B., 27
Roberts, Walt, 35
Robeson, Paul, xi
Robinson, Jackie, xvii
baseball desegregated by, x, 34
challenges by, 27, 119-20
Olympic games boycott (1968) and,
95
Robinson, Oscar, 23
Robinson, Sugar Ray, 25
Index· 200
Roby, Douglas, 96 . ..
Rockefeller, Nelson, XVl-XVll
Russell, Bill, 39, 120
advertising by, 22, 23
on equal rights, 72
Russia,lHi
Russian-American Track and Field
Meet (1963),41
Russian National Team, N.Y.A.C.
boycott and, 66, 68
St. Louis Cardinals, 89
Salaries, discriminatory, 22 .
San Francisco (Calif.), housmg discrimination
in, 24-25
San Francisco Sun Reporter, 36
San Jose State College (SJS), 12, 16
demands made at, 45-46
protest at, 42-44, 123-24
rules adopted by, 87-88
Saturday Evening Post, 70
Sayers, Gale, 23
education of, 11
School desegregation, Supreme Court
ruling on (1954), 7; see also
Colleges; EducatiOn
Segregation
of dating, 15
housing
among football teams, 23-24
Chamberlain subjected to, 24
Mays subjected to, 24-25
in San Francisco, 24-25
T. Smith and, 75-76 .
mass media's tacit approval of, XlV
Negro colleges and pressure to, 4
through salaries, 22
Selective Service Act (1948),?1 .
Sexual prowess, white obseSSiOn wlth
black, 15
Simpson, O. J., 76, 79
value of, 19
SJS, see San Jose State College
Skinner, Sam, 36
Slaton, Frank, 87
Slavery
athletic activity under, 1, 2
happiness in, 26 .
Slaves, survival tactics of, 26, 27
Smith, Bob, 80
penalization of, 81-82
Smith, Nolan, 35
Smith Tommie, xi, 41-42, 50
hodsing segregation and, 75-76
Olympic games boycott (1968) and,
100
in boycott workshop, 52-53
joins boycott movement, 71
protest of, 103-8, 124
repercussions to statement by,
47-49
statement by, 47, 63-64
Owens and, 61
threatened, 57
Snell, Matt, 23
Sororities, 12-14
desegregation of, 43, 45-46
South Africa, 56, 59
barred from Olympic games (1968),
92-97, 116
South Korea, 116 .
Southern Christian Leadershlp Conference,
58
Southern Methodist University, 76
Sports industry, 118-20
as big business, 19; see also Commodities
black control of, 116-17
black union and, 111
constraints imposed by, 32-33
political use of, 115, 116
principlies of, 108
Sports reporters
assail Russell, 39
black, 35-36
Negro, 34-35
white, 31-34
constraints on, 32-33
injustice and, 33-34
insensitivity of, 31-32
Stanford University, 88 .
Star Spangled Banner, hypocnsy of,
102-3
State Department, sports used by,
115, 116
Steketee, Scott, N., 110
Stengel, Casey, 23
Stevens, Sandy, 18
Stillman College, 5 . .
Student Non-Violent Coordmatmg
Committee, 50, 51-52
Students, black athletes as, 10-21
education in white colleges of, lO­
11,16-17
grants-in-aid for, 9, 18.
grants-in-aid as coerClve tool over,
69 85-87, 122-24
"Mickey Mouse" co.urses for, 8, 10
as performing machmes, 16-20
quota system for choosing, 17-18
reasons for staying, 19-21
Index • 201