Referencesepidemiologic evidence. Epidemiologic Reviews 27(1),36–46. doi:10.1093/epirev/mxi004.Aksoy, U., Akisu, C., Sah<strong>in</strong>, S., Usluca, S., Yalc<strong>in</strong>,G., Kuralay, F. <strong>and</strong> Oral, A. M. (2007) First reportedwaterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis withCyclospora co-<strong>in</strong>fection <strong>in</strong> Turkey. Eurosurveillance12(7). http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=3142.Analitis, A., Georgiadis, I. <strong>and</strong> Katsouyanni, K.(2012) Forest fires are associated with elevatedmortality <strong>in</strong> a dense urban sett<strong>in</strong>g. Occupational <strong>and</strong>Environmental Medic<strong>in</strong>e 69(3), 158–162. doi:10.1136/oem.2010.064238.Analitis, A., Katsouyanni, K., Biggeri, A., Bacc<strong>in</strong>i, M.,Forsberg, B., Bisanti, L., Kirchmayer, U., Ballester,F., Cadum, E., Goodman, P. G., Hojs, A., Sunyer, J.,Tiittanen, P. <strong>and</strong> Michelozzi, P. (2008) Effects of coldweather on mortality: results <strong>fr</strong>om 15 <strong>Europe</strong>ancities with<strong>in</strong> the PHEWE project. American Journalof Epidemiology 168(12), 1 397–1 408. doi:10.1093/aje/kwn266.Andersson, C. <strong>and</strong> Engardt, M. (2010) <strong>Europe</strong>anozone <strong>in</strong> a future climate: Importance of<strong>change</strong>s <strong>in</strong> dry deposition <strong>and</strong> isopreneemissions. Journal of Geophysical Research 115(D2).doi:10.1029/2008JD011690.Andersson, C., Langner, J. <strong>and</strong> Bergström, R. (2007)Interannual variation <strong>and</strong> trends <strong>in</strong> air pollutionover <strong>Europe</strong> due to climate variability dur<strong>in</strong>g1958–2001 simulated with a regional CTM coupledto the ERA40 reanalysis. Tellus B 59(1), 77–98.doi:10.1111/j.1600-0889.2006.00196.x.Bacc<strong>in</strong>i, M., Biggeri, A., Accetta, G., Kosatsky, T.,Katsouyanni, K., Analitis, A., Anderson, H. R.,Bisanti, L., D'Ippoliti, D., Danova, J., Adams, B.,Med<strong>in</strong>a, S., Paldy, A., Rabczenko, D., Sch<strong>in</strong>dler, C.et al. (2008) Heat effects on mortality <strong>in</strong> 15 <strong>Europe</strong>ancities. Epidemiology 19(5), 711–719. doi:10.1097/EDE.0b013e318176bfcd.Bacc<strong>in</strong>i, M., Kosatsky, T., Analitis, A., Anderson,H. R., D'Ovidio, M., Menne, B., Michelozzi, P.,Biggeri, A. <strong>and</strong> PHEWE Collaborative Group(2011) Impact of heat on mortality <strong>in</strong> 15 <strong>Europe</strong>ancities: attributable deaths under different weatherscenarios. Journal of Epidemiology & CommunityHealth 65(1), 64–70. doi:10.1136/jech.2008.085639.Baker-Aust<strong>in</strong>, C., Tr<strong>in</strong>anes, J. A., Taylor, N. G. H.,Hartnell, R., Siitonen, A. <strong>and</strong> Mart<strong>in</strong>ez-Urtaza,J. (2012) Emerg<strong>in</strong>g Vibrio risk at high latitudes <strong>in</strong>response to ocean warm<strong>in</strong>g. Nature <strong>Climate</strong> ChangePublished. doi:10.1038/nclimate1628.Ballester, J., Rob<strong>in</strong>e, J.-M., Herrmann, F. R. <strong>and</strong>Rodó, X. (2011) Long-term projections <strong>and</strong>acclimatization scenarios of temperature-relatedmortality <strong>in</strong> <strong>Europe</strong>. Nature Communications 2, 358.doi:10.1038/ncomms1360.Barriopedro, D., Fischer, E. M., Luterbacher, J., Trigo,R. M. <strong>and</strong> Garcia-Herrera, R. (2011) The hot summerof 2010: Redraw<strong>in</strong>g the temperature record mapof <strong>Europe</strong>. Science 332(6 026), 220–224. doi:10.1126/science.1201224.Basagaña, X., Sart<strong>in</strong>i, C., Barrera-Gómez, J.,Dadv<strong>and</strong>, P., Cunillera, J., Ostro, B., Sunyer, J.<strong>and</strong> Med<strong>in</strong>a-Ramón, M. (2011) Heat waves <strong>and</strong>cause‐specific mortality at all ages. Epidemiology22(6), 765–772. doi:10.1097/EDE.0b013e31823031c5.Below, R., Wirtz, A. <strong>and</strong> Guha-Sapir, D. (2009)Disaster Category Classification <strong>and</strong> peril Term<strong>in</strong>ologyfor Operational Purposes. Common accord Centre forResearch on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED)<strong>and</strong> Munich RE<strong>in</strong>surance Company (Munich RE)(Work<strong>in</strong>g paper No. 264). Université catholique deLouva<strong>in</strong>, Louva<strong>in</strong>.Bi, P., Cameron, A. S., Zhang, Y. <strong>and</strong> Parton, K. A.(2008) Weather <strong>and</strong> notified Campylobacter <strong>in</strong>fections<strong>in</strong> temperate <strong>and</strong> sub-tropical regions of Australia:An ecological study. Journal of Infection 57(4), 317–323.doi:10.1016/j.j<strong>in</strong>f.2008.08.004.Charrel, R. N., de Lamballerie, X. <strong>and</strong> Raoult, D.(2008) Seasonality of mosquitoes <strong>and</strong> chikungunya<strong>in</strong> Italy. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 8(1), 5–6.doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70296-7.Ciscar, J. C., Iglesias, A., Feyen, L., Szabo, L., VanRegemorter, D., Amelung, B., Nicholls, R., Watkiss,P., Christensen, O. B., Dankers, R., Garrote, L.,Goodess, C. M., Hunt, A., Moreno, A., Richards, J.et al. (2011) Physical <strong>and</strong> economic consequences ofclimate <strong>change</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Europe</strong>. Proceed<strong>in</strong>gs of the NationalAcademy of Sciences 108(7), 2 678–2 683. doi:10.1073/pnas.1011612108.Confalonieri, U., Menne, B., Akhtar, R., Ebi, K.L., Hauengue, M., Kovats, R. S., Revich, B. <strong>and</strong>Woodward, A. (2007) Human health. <strong>Climate</strong>Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation <strong>and</strong> Vulnerability.Contribution of Work<strong>in</strong>g Group II to the FourthAssessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on<strong>Climate</strong> Change (M. L. Parry, O. F. Canziani, J. P.Palutikof, P. J. van der L<strong>in</strong>den <strong>and</strong> C. E. Hanson,288 <strong>Climate</strong> <strong>change</strong>, <strong>impacts</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>vulnerability</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Europe</strong> 2012
Referenceseds.), 391–431. Cambridge University Press,Cambridge, United K<strong>in</strong>gdom. http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_<strong>and</strong>_data/ar4/wg2/en/ch8.html.Craig, D., Fallowfield, H. J. <strong>and</strong> Cromar, N. J. (2003)Effectiveness of guidel<strong>in</strong>e faecal <strong>in</strong>dicator organismvalues <strong>in</strong> estimation of exposure risk at recreationalcoastal sites. Water Science <strong>and</strong> Technology 47(3),191–198.Curtis, T., Kvernmo, S. <strong>and</strong> Bjerregaard, P. (2005)Chang<strong>in</strong>g liv<strong>in</strong>g conditions, life style <strong>and</strong> health.International Journal of Circumpolar Health 64(5),442–450. doi:10.3402/ijch.v64i5.18025.D'Ippoliti, D., Michelozzi, P., Mar<strong>in</strong>o, C., de'Donato, F., Menne, B., Katsouyanni, K., Kirchmayer,U., Analitis, A., Med<strong>in</strong>a-Ramón, M., Paldy, A.,Atk<strong>in</strong>son, R., Kovats, S., Bisanti, L., Schneider, A.,Le<strong>fr</strong>anc, A. et al. (2010) The impact of heat waveson mortality <strong>in</strong> 9 <strong>Europe</strong>an cities: results <strong>fr</strong>om theEuroHEAT project. Environmental Health 9(1), 37.doi:10.1186/1476-069X-9-37.Daniel, M., Danielova, V., Kriz, B., Jirsa, A. <strong>and</strong>Nozicka, J. (2003) Shift of the tick Ixodes ric<strong>in</strong>us <strong>and</strong>tick-borne encephalitis to higher altitudes <strong>in</strong> central<strong>Europe</strong>. <strong>Europe</strong>an Journal of Cl<strong>in</strong>ical Microbiology <strong>and</strong>Infectious Diseases 22(5), 327–328. doi:10.1007/s10096-003-0918-2.Diffenbaugh, N. S., Pal, J. S., Giorgi, F. <strong>and</strong> Gao, X.(2007) Heat stress <strong>in</strong>tensification <strong>in</strong> the Mediterraneanclimate <strong>change</strong> hotspot. Geophysical Research Letters 34,L11706. doi:10.1029/2007GL030000.ECDC (2011) Annual epidemiological report 2011 —Report<strong>in</strong>g on 2009 surveillance data <strong>and</strong> 2010 epidemic<strong>in</strong>telligence data (Surveillance report). <strong>Europe</strong>an Centrefor Disease Prevention <strong>and</strong> Control, Stockholm.http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/Forms/ECDC_DispForm.aspx?ID=767.ECDC (2012) The climatic suitability for denguetransmission <strong>in</strong> cont<strong>in</strong>ental <strong>Europe</strong>. (ECDC TechnicalReport). <strong>Europe</strong>an Centre for Disease Prevention<strong>and</strong> Control, Stockholm, Sweden. http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/TER-Climaticsuitablility-dengue.pdf.EEA (2008) Impacts of <strong>Europe</strong>'s chang<strong>in</strong>g climate— 2008 <strong>in</strong>dicator-based assessment. Jo<strong>in</strong>t EEA-JRC-WHO report (EEA Report No 4/2008). <strong>Europe</strong>anEnvironment Agency, Copenhagen. http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/eea_report_2008_4.EEA (2010a) The <strong>Europe</strong>an environment – state <strong>and</strong>outlook 2010: Synthesis. <strong>Europe</strong>an EnvironmentAgency, Copenhagen. http://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/synthesis/synthesis.EEA (2010b) Air pollution by ozone across <strong>Europe</strong>dur<strong>in</strong>g summer 2009 (EEA Technical reportNo 2/2010). <strong>Europe</strong>an Environment Agency,Copenhagen. http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/air-pollution-by-ozone-across-europedur<strong>in</strong>g-summer-2009.EEA (2010c) The <strong>Europe</strong>an environment – state <strong>and</strong>outlook 2010: Air pollution — SOER 2010 thematicassessment. <strong>Europe</strong>an Environment Agency,Copenhagen. http://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/europe/air-pollution.EEA (2011a) Mapp<strong>in</strong>g the <strong>impacts</strong> of natural hazards<strong>and</strong> technological accidents <strong>in</strong> <strong>Europe</strong> (EEA Technicalreport No 13/2010). <strong>Europe</strong>an EnvironmentAgency, Copenhagen. http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/mapp<strong>in</strong>g-the-<strong>impacts</strong>-of-natural.EEA (2011b) Air quality <strong>in</strong> <strong>Europe</strong> — 2011 report(EEA Technical report No 12/2011). <strong>Europe</strong>anEnvironment Agency, Copenhagen. http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/air-quality-<strong>in</strong>-europe-2011.EEA (2012) Air pollution by ozone across <strong>Europe</strong> dur<strong>in</strong>gsummer 2011 (EEA Technical report No 1/2012).<strong>Europe</strong>an Environment Agency, Copenhagen. http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/air-pollution-byozone-2011.Estrada-Pena, A., Ortega, C., Sanchez, N., DeSimone,L., Sudre, B., Suk, J. E. <strong>and</strong> Semenza, J. C. (2011)Correlation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu latoprevalence <strong>in</strong> quest<strong>in</strong>g Ixodes ric<strong>in</strong>us ticks withspecific abiotic traits <strong>in</strong> the Western Palearctic. Applied<strong>and</strong> Environmental Microbiology 77(11), 3 838–3 845.doi:10.1128/AEM.00067-11.Feyen, L. <strong>and</strong> Watkiss, P. (2011) The Impacts <strong>and</strong>Economic Costs of River Floods <strong>in</strong> <strong>Europe</strong>, <strong>and</strong> theCosts <strong>and</strong> Benefits of Adaptation. Results <strong>fr</strong>om theEC RTD <strong>Climate</strong>Cost Project. In: The <strong>Climate</strong>CostProject. F<strong>in</strong>al Report. (P. Watkiss, ed.) (TechnicalPolicy Brief<strong>in</strong>g Note 3.). Stockholm EnvironmentInstitute, Sweden.Filleul, L., Cassadou, S., Méd<strong>in</strong>a, S., Fabres, P.,Le<strong>fr</strong>anc, A., Eilste<strong>in</strong>, D., Le Tertre, A., Pascal, L.,Chardon, B., Blanchard, M., Declercq, C., Jusot, J.-F.,Prouvost, H. <strong>and</strong> Ledrans, M. (2006) The relationBetween temperature, ozone, <strong>and</strong> mortality <strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>e French cities dur<strong>in</strong>g the heat wave of 2003.<strong>Climate</strong> <strong>change</strong>, <strong>impacts</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>vulnerability</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Europe</strong> 2012289
- Page 3 and 4:
EEA Report No 12/2012Climate change
- Page 5:
ContentsContentsAcknowledgements...
- Page 10 and 11:
ContentsMap 4.1 Change in the numbe
- Page 12 and 13:
ContentsList of boxesBox 1.1 The IP
- Page 14 and 15:
AcknowledgementsAblain, Gilles Larn
- Page 16:
AcknowledgementsComments from the E
- Page 20:
Executive summaryThe causes of the
- Page 23:
Technical summaryTable TS.1 Observe
- Page 26 and 27:
Technical summaryTable TS.1 Observe
- Page 28 and 29:
Technical summaryMountain areasThe
- Page 30:
Technical summaryTable TS.2 Key obs
- Page 33 and 34:
IntroductionIt should be noted that
- Page 35 and 36:
IntroductionBox 1.1The IPCC Fifth A
- Page 37 and 38:
Introduction1. develop and improve
- Page 39 and 40:
Introduction1.4.3 Overview of main
- Page 41 and 42:
IntroductionThe next generation of
- Page 44 and 45:
Introductionimmigration will be low
- Page 46 and 47:
Introduction7. projection of a clim
- Page 49 and 50:
IntroductionThe term risk is also i
- Page 51 and 52:
Changes in the climate system2 Chan
- Page 53 and 54:
Changes in the climate systemdammin
- Page 55 and 56:
Changes in the climate system2.1.4
- Page 57 and 58:
Changes in the climate systemSelect
- Page 59 and 60:
Changes in the climate systemPast t
- Page 61 and 62:
Changes in the climate systemEurope
- Page 63 and 64:
Changes in the climate systemSevera
- Page 65 and 66:
Changes in the climate systemMap 2.
- Page 67 and 68:
Changes in the climate systemMap 2.
- Page 69 and 70:
Changes in the climate systemMap 2.
- Page 71 and 72:
Changes in the climate systemMap 2.
- Page 73 and 74:
Changes in the climate systemclosel
- Page 75 and 76:
Changes in the climate system2.3 Cr
- Page 77 and 78:
Changes in the climate systemPast t
- Page 79 and 80:
Changes in the climate systemof up
- Page 81 and 82:
Changes in the climate systemFigure
- Page 83 and 84:
Changes in the climate systemFigure
- Page 85 and 86:
Changes in the climate system2.3.5
- Page 87 and 88:
Changes in the climate systemBox 2.
- Page 89 and 90:
Changes in the climate systemFigure
- Page 91 and 92:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 93 and 94:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 95 and 96:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 97 and 98:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 99 and 100:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 101 and 102:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 103 and 104:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 105:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 108 and 109:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 110 and 111:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 112 and 113:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 114 and 115:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 116 and 117:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 118 and 119:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 120:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 123 and 124:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 125 and 126:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 127 and 128:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 129 and 130:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 131 and 132:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 133 and 134:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 135 and 136:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 137 and 138:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 139:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 142 and 143:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 144 and 145:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 146 and 147:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 148 and 149:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 150 and 151:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 152 and 153:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 154 and 155:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 156 and 157:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 158 and 159:
Climate impacts on environmental sy
- Page 160 and 161:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 162 and 163:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 164 and 165:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 166 and 167:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 168 and 169:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 170 and 171:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 172 and 173:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 174 and 175:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 176 and 177:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 178 and 179:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 180 and 181:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 182 and 183:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 184 and 185:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 186 and 187:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 188 and 189:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 190 and 191:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 192 and 193:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 194 and 195:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 196 and 197:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 198 and 199:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 200 and 201:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 202 and 203:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 204 and 205:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 206 and 207:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 208 and 209:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 210 and 211:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 212 and 213:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 214 and 215:
Climate impacts on socio-economic s
- Page 216 and 217:
Vulnerability to climate changein f
- Page 218 and 219:
Vulnerability to climate change5.3
- Page 220 and 221:
Vulnerability to climate changeMap
- Page 222 and 223:
Vulnerability to climate changeasse
- Page 224 and 225:
Vulnerability to climate change5.3.
- Page 226 and 227:
Vulnerability to climate changeBox
- Page 228 and 229:
Vulnerability to climate changeMap
- Page 230 and 231:
Vulnerability to climate change5.5
- Page 232 and 233:
Vulnerability to climate changeFigu
- Page 234 and 235:
Vulnerability to climate changeFigu
- Page 236 and 237:
Vulnerability to climate changeFina
- Page 238 and 239:
Vulnerability to climate changefact
- Page 240 and 241: Indicator and data needsA key polic
- Page 242 and 243: Indicator and data needsWEI and res
- Page 244 and 245: Indicator and data needsDirectorate
- Page 246 and 247: Indicator and data needs6.2.2 Globa
- Page 248 and 249: Abbreviations and acronyms7 Abbrevi
- Page 250 and 251: Abbreviations and acronymsAcronym o
- Page 252 and 253: Abbreviations and acronymsAcronym o
- Page 254 and 255: Abbreviations and acronymsProject a
- Page 256 and 257: Referenceset al. (2010) DEMIFER: De
- Page 258 and 259: ReferencesNovember to 11 December 2
- Page 260 and 261: ReferencesEEA (2011a) Mapping the i
- Page 262 and 263: References19 December 2009. UNFCCC,
- Page 264 and 265: ReferencesIsaksen, K., Sollid, J. L
- Page 266 and 267: Referencesfür Hydrologie und Limno
- Page 268 and 269: Referencescirculation models. Journ
- Page 270 and 271: Referencesin Geophysics 32(4-5), 58
- Page 272 and 273: ReferencesVermeer, M. and Rahmstorf
- Page 274 and 275: ReferencesDevelopment. http://ec.eu
- Page 276 and 277: ReferencesMooij, W. M., Hulsmann, S
- Page 278 and 279: ReferencesAraújo, M. B., Thuiller,
- Page 280 and 281: ReferencesPeninsula (1952-2004). Ec
- Page 282 and 283: ReferencesMenzel, A., Sparks, T. H.
- Page 284 and 285: ReferencesUrban, M. C., Tewksbury,
- Page 286 and 287: ReferencesM., Palosuo, T., Bellamy,
- Page 288 and 289: ReferencesApplied Climatology 74, 4
- Page 292 and 293: ReferencesEnvironmental Health Pers
- Page 294 and 295: Referencestemperature. Epidemiology
- Page 296: ReferencesEEA (2012) Annual Europea
- Page 299 and 300: ReferencesChapter 5:Vulnerability t
- Page 301 and 302: ReferencesSchool. http://www.jbs.ca
- Page 303 and 304: European Environment AgencyClimate
Change language