Index 227Major, John, 164Marlow, Christopher, 91Mathematics, 28abstract axiomatic systems, 37algorithms, 43–45artificial intelligence, 45–47certainty within, 27, 28, 29–30cognitive strategies, 45counting, 31–32Gödel’s theorem, 40–42Hilbert’s program, 38–39intuitionism, 39logic, 36–38, 47–51numbers, 32–33, 41, 116, 120proofs, 35–37, 43Pythagorean theorem, 36symbols, 38–39, 41, 43truths, 42–43, 78, 81Matter, 11, 53, 54, 56Maxwell, James Clerk, 6Mayer, Lothar, 182McNeil, J. R., 175Meal at Emmaus, The (Caravaggio), 96Measurement, 12–14, 16, 21Mercury’s orbit, 201Meson, 57Midgley, Thomas, 173, 175Mill, John Stuart, 189Miller, Jonathan, 87Mind, seeing with the, 95–96Minkowski, Herman, 4Models, 22–23Molecules, 57Monet, Claude, 107–108Moore, G. E., 77Moser, J., 122–124Motion, Newton’s theory of, 1, 11, 117–119, 121, 129, 200, 201Mysticism, 78NNambu, Yoichiro, 58, 60Nehru, Pandit Motilal, 161Newton, Sir Isaac, 3, 10, 24 n.7, 56, 61,62Principles of Natural Philosophy, 36study of light, 110theory of motion, 1, 11, 117–119,121, 129, 200, 201Newtonian clockwork, 117–119, 121,126Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 155Night Watch (Rembrandt), 102Nucleus, 57Numbers, 32–33, 41, 116, 120OOath of the Horatii, The (<strong>David</strong>), 104Object, 64Objective level, 11Objective reality, 18, 22Objectivity, 4–5, 14, 17Observation, 5, 13, 17, 20–21Observer, 13laws independent of, 5Occam’s razor, 133, 133 n.5“On Formally UndecidablePropositions of PrincipiaMathematica and RelatedSystems” (Gödel), 40Open systems, 137Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 168, 190Order, 124Organizations, 143–149Orwell, George, 29, 99Ozone layer, 174PPainting, 98–105illusionistic, 103, 106Impressionism, 107–111landscape, 103naturalistic, 106storytelling, 103Pais, Abraham, 18
228 IndexPalio of Siena, 195 n.4Pari, Italy, 139Particles, 57–58, 59elementary, 64Pauli, Wolfgang, 11, 15, 16, 122Peano, Giuseppe, 27, 34<strong>Peat</strong>, F. <strong>David</strong>, 92, 167, 209Penrose, Roger, 44, 45, 62Penrose tiling, 44Permanence, 53–54Perturbation theory, 119, 129Phenomena, 5Philosophy, 78, 79, 80, 81language games, 89problems in, 83–84systems, 71Photoelectric effect, 7PhysicsBlackfoot, 69–70classical physics, 200–201new order for, 61–69postmodern, 60–61Picasso, Pablo, 109Pinker, Steven, 85–86Planck, Max, 7, 12, 110, 122Plato, 54, 82Plücker, Julius, 57Podolsky, Boris, 20Poincaré, Henri, 115–116, 121, 122Politics, 164–165Pollock, Jackson, 99, 111Position, 15, 16Postmodern physics, 60–61Potlach, 195 n.4Pribram, Karl, 68Principia Mathematica (Russell andWhitehead), 34–35, 40Principles of Mathematics (Russell), 75Principles of Natural Philosophy(Newton), 36Process, 64Progress, 199Proofs, 35–37, 43Pythagorean theorem, 36QQuanta, 12Quantum participation, 12–14Quantum reality, 15–16, 25Quantum theory, 1, 2Bohr’s writings on, 6, 7, 15, 122, 201and chance, 8–10, 11concepts of, 8contributors to modern, 122level of uncertainty, 12new field of, 7Quark, 57–58RRaft of the Medusa (Gericault), 104Randomness, 129, 132, 135Ravel, Maurice Joseph, 75Reading, 202–207, 208Realityand art, 105debate between Bohm and Einstein,24 n.7for Einstein, 10, 20–22illusion of, 102language as a picture of, 76, 88v. models, 22–23nature of, 3, 14postmodern, 16–22ultimate, 24–26See also Quantum reality; VeiledrealityReason, 190–196Reflectafors, 66Relativity, 1, 3–5Einstein’s theory of, 2, 3–5, 18, 19,58, 122, 201, 208Rembrandt, 102Renaissance, 100–101Representationart as a scientific theory, 105–107creativity and doubt, 97–98end of, 90–92
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