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Using R for Introductory Statistics
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This edition published in the Taylo
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PrefaceWhat is R?R is a computer la
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Web accompanimentsThe home page for
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Chapter 1Data1.1 What is data?When
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Data 3Journal of Economics that leg
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Data 5When R starts, it searches fo
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Data 71.2.3 AssignmentIt is often c
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- Page 42 and 43: Chapter 2Univariate dataIn statisti
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- Page 54 and 55: Univariate data 43compare different
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- Page 78 and 79: Chapter 3Bivariate dataThis chapter
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- Page 84 and 85: Bivariate data 73Figure 3.1 Segment
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- Page 90 and 91: Bivariate data 79Figure 3.5 Six qqn
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Multivariate data 109Make the above
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Multivariate data 111One difference
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Multivariate data 113Accessing a da
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Multivariate data 115Figure 4.4 Sca
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Multivariate data 117To illustrate,
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Multivariate data 119mtcars[[’mpg
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Multivariate data 121We can apply f
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Multivariate data 123appropriate. T
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Multivariate data 125pickup 70 71 5
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Multivariate data 1272 42 stomach
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Multivariate data 129make several p
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Multivariate data 131+ subset=(wt !
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Multivariate data 133When a factor
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Multivariate data 135Coercion is th
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Multivariate data 137[1,] 1 3 5 7[2
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Describing populations 1395.1.1 Dis
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Describing populations 141This is a
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Describing populations 1435.1.3 Sam
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Describing populations 1455.7 Toss
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Describing populations 147In R the
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Describing populations 149variance
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Describing populations 151> res = r
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Describing populations 153> hist(re
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Describing populations 155more woul
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Describing populations 157Figure 5.
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Describing populations 159use the n
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Chapter 6SimulationOne informal des
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Simulation 163Figure 6.2 Quantile-n
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Simulation 1656.4 Defining a functi
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Simulation 1676.4.3 The function bo
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Simulation 169> summary(res.25)Min.
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Simulation 1716.5.2 The geometric d
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Simulation 173> xbarstar = c()> for
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Simulation 1756.3 For what value of
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Simulation 177This function will do
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Confidence intervals 179Figure 7.1
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Confidence intervals 181which, when
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Confidence intervals 183In R this b
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Confidence intervals 185alternative
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Confidence intervals 1877.3 Confide
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Confidence intervals 189> zstar = q
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Confidence intervals 191correlates
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Confidence intervals 193In general,
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Confidence intervals 195contains th
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Confidence intervals 197distributed
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Confidence intervals 199mean of x m
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Confidence intervals 201in Table 7.
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Confidence intervals 203data is mor
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Confidence intervals 205−18 282sa
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Chapter 8Significance testsFinding
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Significance tests 209against the a
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Significance tests 2111. Identify H
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Significance tests 213simple random
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Significance tests 2158.5 On a numb
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Significance tests 217> mpg =c(11.4
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Significance tests 2198.16 We can p
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Significance tests 221Sign test for
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Significance tests 223parameters. A
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Significance tests 225A natural tes
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Significance tests 227audience at t
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Significance tests 229If the two va
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Significance tests 231Figure 8.5 De
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Significance tests 233H 0 :µ x =µ
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Significance tests 235Figure 8.6 Tw
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Significance tests 237group n sechi
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Chapter 9Goodness of fitIn this cha
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Goodness of fit 241This gives the t
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Goodness of fit 243The function ret
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Goodness of fit 2459.3 A package of
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Goodness of fit 247This is the squa
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Goodness of fit 249We now have all
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Goodness of fit 251whether any diff
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Goodness of fit 253Table 9.10 Accid
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Goodness of fit 255theoretical dens
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Goodness of fit 257D = 0.0745, p-va
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Goodness of fit 259A consequence is
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Goodness of fit 261( 78.69) ( 55.65
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Goodness of fit 2639.20 The rivers
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Linear regression 265response ~ pre
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Linear regression 26710.1.4 Using l
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Linear regression 269Extractor func
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Linear regression 271should be appr
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Linear regression 273The scale-loca
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Linear regression 275Figure 10.5 Fo
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Linear regression 277the simulation
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Linear regression 279Confidence int
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Linear regression 281Signif. codes:
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Linear regression 283Figure 10.7 Re
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Linear regression 285home in 1970.
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Linear regression 287Let Y be a res
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Linear regression 289Coefficients:(
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Linear regression 291+ tot=a+ for(i
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Linear regression 293Y i =β 0 +β
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Linear regression 295Call:lm(formul
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Linear regression 297Let y t be the
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Analysis of variance 299Figure 11.1
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Analysis of variance 301> SSE=(5-1)
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Analysis of variance 303163.2 173.3
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Analysis of variance 305can be perf
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Analysis of variance 307Repeat with
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Analysis of variance 309> dvalues i
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Analysis of variance 311Figure 11.4
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Analysis of variance 313> ewr.out=s
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Analysis of variance 31511.11 The T
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Analysis of variance 317Figure 11.6
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Analysis of variance 31911.24 The d
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Analysis of variance 321Signif. cod
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Analysis of variance 323factors, al
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Analysis of variance 325(Intercept)
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Chapter 12Two extensions of the lin
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Two extensions of the linear model
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Two extensions of the linear model
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Two extensions of the linear model
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Two extensions of the linear model
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Two extensions of the linear model
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Two extensions of the linear model
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Two extensions of the linear model
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Appendix AGetting, installing, and
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Appendix A 345A.1.4 Installing from
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Appendix BGraphical user interfaces
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Appendix B 350Figure B.2 Multi-docu
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Appendix B 352If you forget to inst
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Appendix CTeaching with RUsing R in
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Appendix DMore on graphics with RTh
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Appendix D 358A device is set up wi
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Appendix D 360Adding a box around t
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Appendix D 362> x = seq(−2, 2, le
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Appendix D 364D.2 Creating new grap
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Appendix D 366Figure D.3 Per-capita
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Appendix EProgramming in ROne of R
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Appendix E 371arg1, arg2, arg3When
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Appendix E 373freedman-diaconis, sc
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Appendix E 375return(summary(x))sum
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Appendix E 377In this example varna
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Appendix E 379editor and ESS extend
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Appendix E 381[1] 26> size(data.fra
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Appendix E 383"[.String" = function
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Appendix E 385})We need to use the
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Appendix E 387For our String class
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Appendix E 389Now, instances of the
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Appendix E 391old.x=xx=x—(x^2—s
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Index 393heat.colors(), 378rainbow(
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Index 395pch=, 86, 378type=, 60, 86
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Index 397command line, 411>, 5confi
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Index 399extra sum of squares, 307f
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Index 401robust statistic, 193sampl