Moelleriella, and Samuelsia - CBS

Ne o t r o p i c a l Hy p o c r e l l a, Mo e l l e r i e l l a, a n d Sa m u e l s i aor V-shaped or irregular, deep. Conidioma with hymenium lininginner surface; phialides not seen, probably degraded due to ageof specimen. Conidia hyaline, unicellular, ovoid, with pointed ends,(11.5–)12–13(–14.3) × (4.5–)5–5.5(–6) µm, l/w (2–)2.2–2.5(–3). Noparaphyses were observed.Habitat: On scale insects or whiteflies on leaves.Known distribution: Brazil, Trinidad.Specimens examined: Brazil, Brasilia, San Francisco dos Campos, on insects onleaves of Melastomaceae, Jan. 1897 (type W 00435!; isotype S-F10588!); RioGrande do Sul, Cascata de Caracol, on twig, 19 May 1994, H.C. Evans (I94-928)(CUP 067768). Trinidad, Aripo Savanna, on insects on leaves, 1912–13, R. Thaxter(as “Aschersonia” cavernosa, FH 4241!, FH 4242!; as Hypocrella cavernosa FH4102!).Notes: Moelleriella globosa resembles M. palmae and M.guaranitica. Moelleriella guaranitica has smaller ascospores andconidia than M. globosa. Moelleriella palmae has larger ascosporesthan M. globosa. Based on the characteristics of the stroma, thisspecies probably belongs in the Globose clade.The specimens in FH labeled “Hypocrella cavernosa” and“Aschersonia cavernosa,” are not Hypocrella cavernosa A. Möllers. str. Based on the morphology of their stromata, these FHspecimens are considered to be M. globosa.11. Moelleriella guaranitica (Speg.) Chaverri & K.T. Hodge,comb. nov. MycoBank MB511371. Fig. 9A–J.≡ Hypocrella guaranitica Speg., An. Soc. Cient. Argent. 19: 47. 1885.= Hypocrella spegazzini Sacc. Syll. Fung. 2: 579. 1888.= Hypocrella phyllophila Theiss., Ann. Mycol. 9: 66. 1911, fide Petch 1921.Anamorph: “Aschersonia” caapi Viégas, Bragantia 5: 721. 1945.Teleomorphic stromata globose to pulvinate, with a wide base, darkbrown almost black (1–)1.5–2(–4) mm diam, hard, surface smooth,generally shiny. Hyphae of stromata forming compact texturaintricata to epidermoidea. Perithecia fully embedded, mostly oncentral portion of top part of stroma, numerous perithecia perstroma (>15), perithecia flask-shaped, 400–450 × 200–250 µm.Asci cylindrical, 150–200 × 7.5–10 µm, caps thin. Ascosporesfiliform, multi-septate, disarticulating into part-spores that are shortcylindricalwith rounded or blunt ends, (5.5–)6–6.5(–8.2) × (2–)2.3–2.5(–3) µm.Teleomorph and anamorph usually not observed in same stroma.Anamorphic stromata sub-globose to pulvinate with sloping edges(convex), dark brown to black, conidiomata simple depressionsof surface without distinct rims, few conidiomata per stroma(1–5), pycnidial openings dark brown to black. Conidial massesnot visible. In section, the conidioma generally U-, or V-shaped,deep. Conidioma with hymenium lining inner surface, phialides in acompact palisade. Phialides flask-shaped, slender, straight, (14.2–)15–24.5(–25.2) × (2–)2.3–3 µm. Conidia hyaline, unicellular,fusoid, with pointed ends, (9–)10.2–11.5(–13.5) × (3–)3.5(–4) µm,l/w (2.5–)3–3.5(–4). No paraphyses were observed.Habitat: On insects on monocot stems and dicot leaf veins.Known distribution: Southern Brazil, Paraguay. Probably subtropical.Specimens examined: Brazil, Sao Paolo, Apiahy, on insects on leaf veins of Coutareamollis, May 1881, C. Spegazzini? (J. Puiggari No. 1483) (type of H. spegazzini LPS903!). Minas Gerais, Falcao Ouro Preto, on insects on stems of a Graminae, 29 Jun.1941, A.P. Viegas (holotype of A. caapi IAC 1977!). Paraguay, Santa Barbara, footof Villa Rica, on leaf veins of Euphorbiaceae, Feb. 1882, C. Spegazzini? (lectotypeof H. guaranitica designated here: PAD 3546!; isotype in NY!).Notes: Moelleriella guaranitica resembles M. palmae and M.globosa. The part-spores and conidia of M. guaranitica are smallerthan those of M. palmae and M. globosa. Moelleriella guaranitica ismostly found in subtropical South America (Paraguay and southernBrazil). Based on the characteristics of the stroma, this speciesprobably belongs in the Globose clade.12. Moelleriella libera (Syd.) Chaverri & M. Liu, comb. nov.MycoBank MB511372. Fig. 10A–G.≡ Hypocrella libera Syd., Ann. Mycol. 14: 85. 1916.= Hypocrella nectrioides Petch, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Peradeniya 7: 225.1921.Anamorph: “Aschersonia” aleyrodis Webber, Bull. USDA Div. Veg.Phy. Path. 13: 21. 1897.= Aschersonia goldiana Sacc. & Ellis, Syll. Fung. 14: 990. 1899.= Aschersonia paraensis Henn., Hedwigia 41: 17. 1902.= Aschersonia columnifera Petch, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Peradeniya 7: 258.1921.Stroma white, yellowish to orange white, composed of fewto numerous gregarious tubercles arising from pulvinate tohemispherical base; sometimes surrounded by thin hypothallus0.7–2 mm wide; surface of tubercles and base pruinose due toloosely woven, thick-walled hyphae that form stroma. Tuberclesstrongly projecting and aggregated, hemispherical, cylindricalor slightly narrowing apically, 0.3–0.5 mm diam, 0.3–0.7 mm inheight; ostioles reddish orange in fresh specimens, fading toyellow when dry. Perithecia fully embedded, one perithecium pertubercle, perithecia nearly globose to ovoid, 300–400 × 300–600µm; stromatal tissue around perithecium textura intricata. Ascicylindrical, with a cap ca. 5 µm thick. Ascospores filiform, slightlyshorter than perithecia, septate, sometimes helically twisted inascus, disarticulating into oblong oval or cylindrical spores, slightlytapering towards ends, with somewhat rounded ends, 13–16 ×2.5–3 µm.Separate from sexual stroma, anamorphic stroma thinpulvinate or scutate, 1–2(–3) mm diam, white, minutely tomentose;hypothallus usually present in pulvinate stromata, 0.3–1 mm inwidth, present or absent in scutate stromata; centre of stromatausually covered with conidial masses reddish orange or paleyellow. Conidiomata generally scattered, sometimes circularlyarranged; 3–20 per stroma; shape of conidiomatal ostiolescircular, or irregular due to fusion of adjacent ostioles; widely open,appearing as simple depressions of stromatic surface without adifferentiated rim; conidioma shape in section globose or irregular.Phialides flask-shaped to cylindrical, 10–20 × 1–1.5 µm. Conidiafusiform, unicellular, hyaline, ends acute but not prolonged, (9–)10–16(–18) × 1.5–2(–2.5) µm, produced in copious slime. Paraphysesabundant in the hymenium, especially in thick stromata, hyaline,filiform, 50–90(–113) × 1–1.5 µm.Colonies on PDA fast-growing, tomentose, white to yellowishwhite. Conidial masses pale orange, deep orange to reddish orange,abundant, confluent. Most conidiogenous cells, 10–19 × 1–1.5 µm,some phialides elongated to the length of paraphyses. Conidiafusoid, 9–13 × 1.5–2 µm, paraphyses not ordinarily observed in allisolates, 40–123 µm when present.Habitat: On scale insects and whiteflies on leaves of variousplants.www.studiesinmycology.org41