Fuel Cells - Green Power - Martin's Marine Engineering Page

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References:“Report to the Nation: On OurChanging Planet.” NationalOceanic and AtmosphericAdministration. Fall, 1997.C.K. Keller. “Global Warming: AnUpdate.” http://www.igpp.lanl.gov/“Climate Change: State ofKnowledge. ” Office of Scienceand Technology Policy. 1997.Michael MacCracken and Tom Karl.“Is the Climate Changing?Indeed It Is” http://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/mmbralmanac.htmlGlobal Climate Change InformationProgramme. http://www.doc.mmu.ac.uk/aric/gcc/gcciphm.htmlMichael B. McElroy. A WarmingWorld. Harvard Magazine,November - December 1997.JD Mahlman. Uncertainties inProjections of Human-CausedClimate Warming. Science,278, 1997.Michael Porter. “Towards a NewConception of the Environment-Competitiveness Relationship.”Environmental ProtectionAgency Clean Air Marketplace,Washington, D.C. September,1993.Environmental Sciences Division:Carbon Dioxide Division. OakRidge National Laboratoryhttp://cdiac.esd.ornl.govIntergovernmental Panel onClimate Change http://www.usgcrp.gov/usgcrp/IPCCINFO.htmlA Once-In-A-LifetimeOpportunitySustainable development is one of those often used,but seldom defined, phrases. According to theUnited Nations, it is “meeting the needs of the presentwithout compromising the ability of future generationsto meet their own needs.” Attaining sustainable developmentdoesn’t mean that growth must stop; it doesmean that environmental limits do exist because of thelimited ability of the biosphere to deal with the wastesfrom human activities. This is one of the greatestchallenges we face today — a challenge that can only bemet by responsibly developing and using technologiesthat will protect our environment for everyone.Today’s innovations in fuel cell technology are addressinglocal, national, and global environmental needs. Thedecision to become involved with bringing these innovationsinto our daily lives is a strategic career opportunityand a smart thing to do. The winners will be thosepeople who are ahead of the crowd.Innovative solutions can be an important competitiveplus. Over half of the threat to our climate disappears ifwe use energy in ways that save money. In general, it’sfar cheaper to be efficient and save fuel than burn fuel.Fuel cells offer an opportunity for innovation. Helpingto make fuel cells be a part of the solution might be achallenge that’s too exciting to ignore.“Developing countries face a fundamental choice. They can mimic the industrialcountries, and go through a development phase that is dirty and wasteful and creates anenormous legacy of pollution. Or they can leapfrog over some of the steps followed byindustrial countries and incorporate modern efficient technologies.”“The Human Development Report.” The United Nations.Oxford University Press, September, 1998.This document, and more, is available for download at Martin's Marine Engineering Page - www.dieselduck.net
The U.S. Department of Energy through its Office of TransportationTechnologies is pursuing critical technological advances that can help tocreate new and improved national transportation systems. The Office ofTransportation Technologies supports research that is often too financiallyrisky for private industry to develop on its own. Partnerships are developedwith industry, working with national laboratories, as a way to strengthenresources.The mission of the Office of Transportation Technologiesis to reduce U.S. dependence on petroleum.Within the Office of Transportation Technologies, the Office of AdvancedAutomotive Technologies focuses its efforts on developing cleaner and moreenergy-efficient technologies for automobiles of the future. The TransportationFuel Cell Program is just one of many exciting research activities.The Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles (PNGV) Program is apartnership between 11 government agencies and the United StatesCouncil for Automotive Research, a cooperative research effort amongDaimlerChrysler Corporation, Ford Motor Company, and General MotorsCorporation, to develop commercially-viable vehicle technology that, overthe long-term, can preserve personal mobility, reduce the impact of cars andlight trucks on the environment and reduce U.S. dependency on foreign oil.The Alternative Fuels Research and Development Program has beendeveloping alternative fuels technologies in partnership with industry formore than 20 years.The CARAT Program (Cooperative Automotive Research for AdvancedTechnology) supports universities and small businesses to accelerate thedevelopment and production of innovative technologies that address barriersto producing ultra-efficient vehicles including the design and development ofadvanced, energy-efficient automotive components and systems.The Graduate Automotive Technology Education Program (GATE) is amultidisciplinary automotive engineering program for graduate students thatfocuses on technologies critical to the development and production of futureautomobiles.Benefits of Office of Transportation Technologies Program• Reducing dependence upon foreign oil• Increasing energy savings• Improving air quality by reducing destructive air pollution andgreenhouse gasesTo learn more about the Office of Transportation Technologies:www.ott.doe.govThis document, and more, is available for download at Martin's Marine Engineering Page - www.dieselduck.net
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Page 3 and 4: What’s InsideFuel Cells- Green Po
Page 5 and 6: In March 1998, Chicago became the f
Page 7 and 8: How do Fuel Cells Compare toInterna
Page 9 and 10: The Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fu
Page 11 and 12: Why a Fuel Cell Goes “Platinum”
Page 13 and 14: Membrane/electrode assembly with ba
Page 15 and 16: Efficiency, Power and Energy of Pol
Page 17 and 18: Other Types of PolymerElectrolyte M
Page 20 and 21: Regenerative Fuel CellA regenerativ
Page 22 and 23: References:Natural Gas Fuel Cells,
Page 24 and 25: Other Fuel Cell TechnologiesThe ele
Page 26 and 27: Wood Coal OilNaturalGasHydrogenHydr
Page 28 and 29: “Don’t paint your ship with roc
Page 30 and 31: Oil Reserves,Transportation,and Fue
Page 32 and 33: References:Jason Mark. “Zeroing o
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