October 2012 - Journal of Threatened Taxa

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Mammals of Kalimpong Hills10 November 2009).Subfamily: Muntiacinae Pocock, 1923: MuntjacsGenus: Muntiacus Rafinesque, 1815: Southern RedMuntjac or Indian Muntjac69. Muntiacus vaginalis Boddaert, 1785 [Groves(2003) elected to raise non-Sundaic forms of M.muntjak from subspecific taxa to the species M.vaginalis]: Barking Deer (Anonymous 1964; Biswas& Ghose 1982; Sharma 1990; Mukhopadhyay 1996,Ghosh 1997; WWF-I Eastern Region 1997; Singhal &Mukhopadhyay 1998; Biswas et al. 1999; Singhal 1999;Chaudhuri & Sarkar 2003; Chakraborty et al. 2008a;Chakraborty et al. 2008b; Dey 2009; UNESCO WorldHeritage Centre 2009; downloaded on 12 October 2009)The Barking Deer is abundant in the study area.Earlier, it was recorded from Samsing, Mouchowki,Rangpo and Tarkhola. In KFD, this deer is seen fromthe foothills to an altitude of 2,340m in the upper hills.Solitary Barking Deer was frequently met with and thealarm calls were often heard in the evening in NVNP.The animal was sighted and its pellets and hoofmarks were found at East Nar- 22, 23a, West Nar- 9,Thosum- 1 and Rachila- 7 compartments as well as theGorubathan forests during the recent survey. The footmarkings were also observed near Tempola (an openwaterbody) at an altitude of 2,058m (27 0 02’58.9”N &88 0 46’33.4”E), Mithun Khar (a natural saltlick) in EastNar-19 compartment (27 0 01’45.5”N & 88 0 45’46.9”Elong, altitude 790m) and PHE camp (altitude 1,900m).A pair was also sighted at Choudapheri. A sub-adultmale was found dead on 28 November 2006 at LowerNeora range. Its population was estimated to be 590 inNVNP and 57 in KFD ( downloadedon 10 November 2009).Family: Bovidae Gray, 1821: Bovids (Antelopes,Cattle, Gazelles, Goats, Sheep and relatives)Subfamily: Bovinae Gray, 1821: Bison, Buffalos,Cattle and relativesGenus: Bos Linnaeus, 1758: Oxen and True Cattle70. Bos gaurus gaurus C.H. Smith, 1827: Gaur(Anonymous 1964; Sharma 1990; Saha et al. 1992;Mukhopadhyay 1996; Bhattacharya et al. 1997; Ghosh1997; Singhal & Mukhopadhyay 1998; Biswas et al.1999; Singhal 1999; Choudhury 2002; Chaudhuri &Sarkar 2003; Yadav 2004; Bahuguna & Mallick 2004;Chakraborty et al. 2008b; UNESCO World HeritageJ.K. MallickCentre 2009; Dey 2009; downloaded on 10 November 2009).The Gaurs are not permanent residents in the studyarea but usually found visiting the plains and ‘terai’. InKFD, it is found in the middle and upper hills forests,particularly in the eastern portion. The migratoryherds of Gaur were occasionally seen in NVNP.Earlier three herds were located in Mo, Thosum andRechila blocks and seen to climb up very fast onthe steep terrains up to 2,590m or above. Its indirectevidences [foot prints, feeding signs and dung] werefound at East Nar- 19, 21, 22, 23a; Thosum- 1, 2, 3, 4and Rechila- 5, 7, 16 compartments during the recentsurvey. As per the monitoring reports, the herds ofGaur often visit the muddy areas adjacent to Tempolaand Jorepokhari wetlands in NVNP. The census figurefor NVNP was 81 ( downloaded on10 November 2009).The main range of Gaur is in the Gorumara–Chapramari–Diana forests in Jalpaiguri district. But,in the summer, when the temperature soars in theplains, the small splinter groups of Gaur (mostly bulls)often move further north up to the temperate NVNPthrough the riverbeds, then descend to Gorubathanand thereafter march towards the Apalchand forestsof Baikunthapur FD in the west and go back to theiroriginal habitat. It was reported from Thosum areaof NVNP during the present survey. The maraudingadult bulls, which stray from the reserve forests tothe adjacent TEs and human settlements, are oftendriven back by the wildlife squads, but sometimes thestraying Gaurs died due to the capture myopathy andpoaching.Subfamily: Caprinae Gray, 1821: Chamois, Goats,Serows, Sheep and relativesGenus: Hemitragus Hodgson, 1841: Tahrs71. Hemitragus jemlahicus schaeferi Pohle,1944: Himalayan Tahr (Tikader 1983; Ghose 1985;Sharma 1990; Agrawal et al. 1992; Mukhopadhyay1996, Singhal & Mukhopadhyay 1998; Singhal 1999;Biswas et al. 1999; Chaudhuri & Sarkar 2003; Yadav2004; Chakraborty et al. 2008b; UNESCO WorldHeritage Centre 2009).This diurnal species is found in the inaccessibleterrain, towering the cliffs, rocks, dense forest andscrub jungle at elevations from 914–2,743 m. The3122Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | October 2012 | 4(12): 3103–3136
Mammals of Kalimpong Hillssurvey party of ZSI encountered small flocks inNVNP during early 1980s. It was reported fromRechila, Jorepokhri and Triangular point during therecent survey. Footprints and faecal pellets were alsofound at Thosum-1 and Rechila-7 compartments. Thepopulation in NVNP was estimated to be 32 ( downloaded on 10 November 2009).Genus: Naemorhedus Smith, 1827: Gorals72. Naemorhedus goral hodgsoni Pocock, 1908:Brown Goral (Anonymous 1964; Sharma 1990;Saha et al. 1992; Mukhopadhyay 1996, Singhal &Mukhopadhyay 1998; Singhal 1999; Chaudhuri &Sarkar 2003; Yadav 2004; Chakraborty et al. 2008;UNESCO World Heritage Centre 2009; Dey 2009).Gorals live on the rugged hillsides and on rockygrounds near the coniferous forest zone. Theyusually prefer the grassy patches of the middle slopes,migrating from the higher altitudes to the loweraltitudes in winter and vice versa in summer. Theyare both diurnal and nocturnal in their activities. Thisspecies was reported from the north-eastern part ofRechila chawk. During the recent survey, this specieswas sighted at East Nar-19 compartment in NVNP.Pellets and hoof marks were also found there. Theestimated population was 73 in NVNP and only threein KFD ( downloaded on 10 November2009).Genus: Capricornis Ogilby, 1836: Serows73. Capricornis (Naemorhedus) sumatraensisjamrachi Pocock, 1908: Mainland Serow (Ellerman& Morrison-Scott 1951; Anonymous 1964; Sharma1990; Agrawal et al. 1992; Singhal & Mukhopadhyay1998; Singhal 1999; Chaudhuri & Sarkar 2003; Yadav2004; Anonymous 2008; Dey 2009; UNESCO WorldHeritage Centre 2009; downloadedon 10 November 2009).The Serow inhabits the steep ridges and precipiceat elevations ranging from 1,828–3,048 m. Its typelocality is Kalimpong (Pocock 1908). But sighting ofthis nocturnal mammal is very rare. An ATREE teamrecorded and photographed this species recently inNVNP. One Serow was sighted at Rachila-2a duringDecember 2008 and hoof marks of this animal werefound at Rechila-16 compartment during the recentsurvey. Carcass of a Serow, the internal parts of whichJ.K. Mallickwere removed, was seized from a poacher at Rachilaon 16 October 2008. Its population in NVNP wasestimated to be 89 ( downloaded on10 November 2009).Order: Pholidota Weber, 1904: PangolinsFamily: Manidae Gray, 1821: PangolinsGenus: Manis Linnaeus, 1758: Pangolins or ScalyAnt-eaters74. Manis crassicaudata Gray, 1827: Scaly Anteateror Indian Pangolin (Anonymous 1964; Sharma1990; Saha et al. 1992; Singhal & Mukhopadhyay1998; Chaudhuri & Sarkar 2003; UNESCO WorldHeritage Centre 2009).The Indian Pangolin is found in the plains andlower slopes, living inside hollowed trees or burrows.Records of the sighting and indirect evidences of thisnocturnal animal were not available during the recentsurvey. Its population has greatly reduced due tokilling for the flesh and scales.75. Manis pentadactyla aurita Hodgson, 1836:Chinese Pangolin (UNESCO World Heritage Centre2009)The Chinese Pangolin is found in the undisturbedhill forests and grasslands. On 3 April 2008, a carcasswas seized from the Piok basti (village) of Kalimpong.The sighting and indirect evidences of this nocturnalspecies were not recorded during the recent survey.Order: Rodentia Bowdich, 1821: RodentsSuborder: Sciurognathi Brandt, 1855: Gophers,Mice, Rats, Squirrels and relativesFamily: Sciuridae Hemprich, 1820: SquirrelsGenus: Callosciurus Gray, 1867: BeautifulSquirrels76. Callosciurus pygerythrus lokroids Hodgson,1836: Hoary-bellied Himalayan (Irrawady) Squirrel(Wroughton 1917b; Biswas & Ghose 1982; Sharma1990; Agrawal et al. 1992; Mukhopadhyay 1996,Singhal & Mukhopadhyay 1998; Biswas et al. 1999;Chaudhuri & Sarkar 2003; Chakraborty et al. 2008b;Dey 2009; downloaded on 12 October 2009; downloaded on 20 October 2009)This diurnal forest squirrel is found in the temperateand subtropical evergreen and dry deciduous montaneforests, particularly the mid-canopy with thick tomoderate evergreen forest patches. It is common atJournal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | October 2012 | 4(12): 3103–31363123
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October 2012 - Journal of Threatened Taxa

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