proceedings but not in the case <strong>of</strong> an equality <strong>of</strong> votes.Article 182 The Chairman and Deputy Chairman <strong>of</strong> theLegislative CouncilThe Legislative Council <strong>of</strong> every State having such Councilshall, as soon as may be, choose two members <strong>of</strong> the Councilto be respectively Chairman and Deputy Chairman there<strong>of</strong> and,so <strong>of</strong>ten as the <strong>of</strong>fice <strong>of</strong> Chairman or Deputy Chairmanbecomes vacant, the Council shall choose another member tobe Chairman or Deputy Chairman, as the case may be.Article 183 Vacation and resignation, <strong>of</strong> and removal from, the<strong>of</strong>fices <strong>of</strong> Chairman and Deputy ChairmanA member holding <strong>of</strong>fice as Chairman or Deputy Chairman <strong>of</strong> aLegislative Council -(a) shall vacate his <strong>of</strong>fice if he ceases to be a member <strong>of</strong> theCouncil;(b) may at any time by writing under his hand addressed, ifsuch members is the Chairman, to the Deputy Chairman, and ifsuch member is the Deputy Chairman, to the Chairman, resignhis <strong>of</strong>fice; and(c) may be removed from his <strong>of</strong>fice by a resolution <strong>of</strong> theCouncil passed by a majority <strong>of</strong> all the then members <strong>of</strong> theCouncil:Provided that no resolution for the purpose <strong>of</strong> clause (c) shallbe moved unless at least fourteen days' notice has been given<strong>of</strong> the intention to move the resolution.Article 184 Power <strong>of</strong> the Deputy Chairman or other person toperform the duties <strong>of</strong> the <strong>of</strong>fice <strong>of</strong>, or to act as, Chairman(1) While the <strong>of</strong>fice <strong>of</strong> Chairman is vacant, the duties <strong>of</strong> the<strong>of</strong>fice shall be performed by the Deputy Chairman or, if the<strong>of</strong>fice <strong>of</strong> Deputy Chairman is also vacant, but such members <strong>of</strong>the Council as the Governor may appoint for the purpose.(2) During the absence <strong>of</strong> the Chairman from any sitting <strong>of</strong> theCouncil the Deputy Chairman or, if he is also absent, suchperson as may be determined by the rules <strong>of</strong> procedure <strong>of</strong> theCouncil, or, if no such person is present, such other person asmay be determined by the Council, shall act as Chairman.Article 185 The Chairman or the Deputy Chairman not topreside while a resolution for his removal from <strong>of</strong>fice is underconsideration(1) At any sitting <strong>of</strong> the Legislative Council, while any resolutionfor the removal <strong>of</strong> the Chairman from his <strong>of</strong>fice if underconsideration, the Chairman, or while any resolution for theremoval <strong>of</strong> the Deputy Chairman from his <strong>of</strong>fice is underconsideration, the Deputy Chairman, shall not, though he ispresent, preside, and the provisions <strong>of</strong> clause (2) <strong>of</strong> article 184shall apply in relation to every such sitting as they apply inrelation to a sitting from which the Chairman or, as the casemay be, the Deputy Chairman is absent.(2) The Chairman shall have the right to speak in, andotherwise to take part in the proceedings <strong>of</strong>, the LegislativeCouncil while any resolution for his removal from <strong>of</strong>fice is underconsideration in the Council and shall, notwithstanding anything
in article 189, be entitled to vote only in the first instance onsuch resolution or on any other matter during such proceedingsbut not in the case <strong>of</strong> an equality <strong>of</strong> votes.Article 186 Salaries and allowances <strong>of</strong> the Speaker and DeputySpeaker and the Chairman and Deputy ChairmanThere shall be paid to the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker <strong>of</strong>the Legislative Assembly, and to the Chairman and the DeputyChairman <strong>of</strong> the Legislative Council, such salaries andallowances as may be respectively fixed by the Legislature <strong>of</strong>the State by law and, until provision in that behalf is so made,such salaries and allowances as are allowances as arespecified in the Second Schedule.Article 187 Secretariat <strong>of</strong> State Legislature(1) The House or each House <strong>of</strong> the Legislature <strong>of</strong> a state shallhave a separate secretarial staff:Provided that nothing in this clause shall, in the case <strong>of</strong> theLegislature <strong>of</strong> a State having a Legislative Council, beconstrued as preventing the creation <strong>of</strong> posts common to bothHouses <strong>of</strong> such Legislature.(2) The Legislature <strong>of</strong> a State may by law regulate therecruitment, and the conditions <strong>of</strong> service <strong>of</strong> persons appointed,to the secretarial staff <strong>of</strong> the House or Houses <strong>of</strong> theLegislature <strong>of</strong> the State.(3) Until provisions made by the Legislature <strong>of</strong> the State underclause (2), the Governor may, after consultation with theSpeaker <strong>of</strong> the Legislative Assembly or the Chairman <strong>of</strong> theLegislative Council, as the case may be, make rules regulatingthe recruitment, and the conditions <strong>of</strong> service <strong>of</strong> personsappointed, to the secretarial staff <strong>of</strong> the Assembly or theCouncil, and any rules so made shall have effect subject to theprovisions <strong>of</strong> any law made under the said clause.Article 188 Oath or affirmation by membersEvery member <strong>of</strong> the Legislative Assembly or the LegislativeCouncil <strong>of</strong> a State shall, before taking his seat, make andsubscribe before the Governor, or some person appointed inthat behalf by him, an oath or affirmation according to the formset out for the purpose in the Third Schedule.Article 189 Voting in Houses, power <strong>of</strong> Houses to actnotwithstanding vacancies and quorum(1) Save as otherwise provided in this <strong>Constitution</strong>, allquestions at any sitting <strong>of</strong> a House <strong>of</strong> the Legislature <strong>of</strong> a Stateshall be determined by a majority <strong>of</strong> votes <strong>of</strong> the memberspresent and voting, other than the Speaker <strong>of</strong> Chairman, orperson acting as such.The Speaker or Chairman, or person acting as such, shall notvote in the first instance, but shall have and exercise a castingvote in the case <strong>of</strong> an equality <strong>of</strong> votes.(2) A House <strong>of</strong> the Legislature <strong>of</strong> a State shall have power toact notwithstanding any vacancy in the membership there<strong>of</strong>,and any proceedings in the Legislature <strong>of</strong> a State shall be validnotwithstanding that it is discovered subsequently that someperson who was not entitled so to do sat or voted or otherwise
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India - Constitution{ Adopted on: 2
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(ii) in the case where such person
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epealed, notwithstanding that it or
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each Governor's Province shall vest
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Legislature of such State enacted b
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persons appointed, to such services
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vary or revoke, after his appointme
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Article 317 Removal and suspension
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matter which the President, or, as
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(b) foreign exchange, import and ex
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of them.Article 326 Elections to th
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may be, in respect of which seats a
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to receive any grant under this art
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the procedure to be followed by the
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Subject to the provisions of articl
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Article 351 Directive for developme
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any State as to the manner in which
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(5) Notwithstanding anything contai
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part of the territory of India:Prov
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Article 362 Rights and privileges o
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such individuals;(7) "corresponding
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India.(2) Any reference in this Con
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specified in the Instrument of Acce
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and their conditions of services; a
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directions to the State as to the a
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the Administrative Tribunal is not
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adaptations and modifications so ma
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operation either at all or in parti
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(2) The judges of a High Court in a
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(2) The translation of this Constit
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7. Tamil NaduThe territories which
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Areas (Reorganisation) Act, 1971.25
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the Government of a State or any of
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e, by the provisions which were app
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10. Maharashtra 1911. Karnataka 121
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State concerned, make fresh orders
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may be:Provided that until rules ar
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(1) The Governor may, for the trial
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Paragraph 10 Power of District Coun
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autonomous regions in the State of
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For the purposes of elections to th
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accordingly;(b) every Regional Coun
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9. Preventive detention for reasons
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52. Industries, the control of whic
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84. Duties of excise on tobacco and
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19. {...}20. {...}21. Fisheries.22.
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59. Tolls.60. Taxes on professions,
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29. Prevention of the extension fro
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18. The Railway Companies (Emergenc
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76. The Madhya Pradesh Ceiling on A
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1956 (Assam Act I of 1957).135. The
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1974 (Bihar Act 13 of 1975).192. Th
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243. The Tamil Nadu Land Reforms (F
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(a) if he has voluntarily given up
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elation to any question as to disqu