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IndicatorsPublic Health Care Facilities4.3 In EthiopiaIn Ethiopia the accessibility of essential drugs is showed Mean in the following tableMedianwhichPercentage 92 Andrea Gardellin, Abraham Gebre Giorgisis part availability of the assessment made by WHO and FMoH in 69.83 2003 as mentioned above (2). 75Affordability (adult) 135% 141Affordability (children) TableTable11.11.SummarySummaryofofNationalNational IndicatorsIndicators 67.69%ononaccessaccess 71.5Average stock out duration (days) 99.22 91Percentage of prescribing Indicators drugs dispensed Public 85.48Health Care Facilities 94MeanMedianPercentage availability 69.83 75Affordability (adult) 135% 1414.3.1 Availability of essential drugsThe table Affordability 11 above (children) shows that the national average 67.69% availability of essential 71.5 drugs wasAverage stock out duration (days) 99.22 9170% in PHCFs. The availability in PHCFs is lower than the ideal value (100%) and itPercentage of prescribing drugs dispensed 85.48 94is also lower than the private sector (Figure 5) with significant mean variation(P
Comparison of affordability (both for adult and child) between the public and theprivate sectors (Figure 8) in Ethiopia shows that the treatment costs are moreaffordable in the public sector then the private sector.6. Using indicators to measure the pharmaceutical sector in Ethiopia 93Figure 6. Proportion of prescribed medicines dispensed in public facilities bycountryFigure 6. Proportion of prescribed medicines dispensed in public facilities by countryIn the above study (2) the three levels of health care facilities were also compared(Figure 7), and the figures were 82.9%, 81.3% and 86.7% in hospitals, health centresand health stations, respectively.In In the the above above study study (2) (2) the the three three levels levels of health of health care care facilities facilities were were also compared also compared7), (Figure and the 7), figures and the were figures 82.9%, were 81.3% 82.9%, and 86.7% 81.3% in and hospitals, 86.7% health in hospitals, centres(Figureand health centres stations, and respectively. health stations, respectively.Figure 7. Extent of dispensing of prescribed drugs by level of PHCFsFigure 7. Extent of dispensing of prescribed drugs by level of PHCFsFigure 7. Extent of dispensing of prescribed drugs by level of PHCFs4.3.4 4.3.4 Affordability Affordability of essential of essential drugs drugsThe Table 11 above shows that the national average for affordability of treatmentcost was 135% for adult and 67.7% for children. Formally the afford-The Table 11 above shows that the national average for affordability of treatment costwas 4.3.4 135% Affordability for adult and of essential 67.7% for drugs children. Formally the affordability is expressed as“the ratio ability of is the expressed cost treating as “the ratio moderate of the cost pneumonia treating moderate to the lowest pneumonia dailyto salary the ofunskilled The lowest Table government daily 11 above salary shows workers”. of unskilled that the Therefore government national average more workers”. high for affordability Therefore is the percentage, of more treatment high minor cost is theis theaffordability. was percentage, 135% for adult minor andis 67.7% the affordability. for children. Formally the affordability is expressed as“the ratio of the cost treating moderate pneumonia to the lowest daily salary ofunskilled government workers”. Therefore more high is the percentage, minor is theFigure 8.affordability.Figure Affordability 8. of of essential drugs in inpublic public and and private private sectors sectorsFigure 8. Affordability of essential drugs in public and private sectors
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Introduction: dermatology and human
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1. Introduction: dermatology and hu
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2. The ethio-italian cooperation pr
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3. The ethiopian health sector and
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