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Human resources Human forresources health (HRH) for health – nurses, (HRH) doctors, – nurses, pharmacists, doctors, pharmacists, community health community workers, health workers,5. Human resources for health (HRH): a crucial element for achieving international MDGs. 575. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH (HRH):A CRUCIAL ELEMENT FOR ACHIEVINGINTERNATIONAL MDGs. NATURE OFTHE CRISIS IN ETHIOPIACarlo Resti, Yohannes Tadesse5. HUMAN RESOURCES 5. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH FOR (HRH): HEALTH A CRUCIAL (HRH): AELEMENT CRUCIALFOR ELEMENT ACHIEVING FOR ACHIEVINGAt the UnitedINTERNATIONALNations INTERNATIONAL MillenniumMDGs. NATURE MDGs. SummitOFNATURE THEinCRISISSeptember OF THE IN ETHIOPIA CRISIS 2000, INworld ETHIOPIA leadersof both low- and high-income(Carlo Resti,countriesYohannes (Carlo Resti,committedTadesse) Yohannes Tadesse)themselves to combatingpoverty, hunger, disease, lack of basic education, environmental degradationand discrimination against women. Thus, eight Millennium DevelopmentGoals (MDGs) (www.un.org/millenniumgoals) were formulated, among them sixdirectly or indirectly related to health and to the health of the poor:At the United At Nations the United Millennium NationsSummit Millennium in September Summit in 2000, September world leaders 2000, world of both leaders low- and of both highincomecountries income committed countriesthemselves committed to themselves combating to poverty, combating hunger, poverty, disease, hunger, lack disease, of basiclack of basiclow- and high-education, environmental education, environmental degradation and degradation discrimination and discrimination against women. against Thus, women. eight Millennium Thus, eight MillenniumDevelopment Development Goals (MDGs) Goals (www.un.org/millenniumgoals) (MDGs) (www.un.org/millenniumgoals) were formulated, were among formulated, themamong six them sixdirectly or indirectly related or indirectly to health related and to the health health and of to thepoor:health of the poor:The Health-Related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)The Health-Related The Health-Related Millennium Development Millennium Goals Development (MDGs) Goals (MDGs)Goal 1 Goal — 1—eradicating extreme poverty poverty and hunger. and hunger.Goal 4 — reducing child mortality.Goal 4—reducing child mortality.Goal 5 — improving maternal health.Goal 6 Goal — 5—improving combating maternal HIV/AIDS, health. malaria, and other diseases.Goal 7 — ensuring environmental sustainability (access to safe drinking water).Goal 6—combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases.Goal 8 — developing a global partnership for development. (access to affordableGoal 7—ensuring essential environmental drugs). sustainability (access to safe drinking water).Goal 1—eradicating extreme poverty and hunger.Goal 4—reducing child mortality.Goal 5—improving maternal health.Goal 6—combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases.Goal 7—ensuring environmental sustainability (access to safe drinking water).Goal 8—developingGoal a global 8—developing partnership a global for development. partnership (access for development. to affordable (access essential to affordable drugs). essential drugs).Source: United Nations Millennium Declaration, the United Nations MillenniumSummit 2000.Source: United Nations Source: Millennium United Nations Declaration, Millennium the United Declaration, Nations theMillennium United Nations Summit Millennium 2000. Summit 2000.For most priority diseases and major contributors to the global burden of disease,effective interventions, both preventive and curative, do exist. However, theaccess to the health system by poor is low. In Africa, a mere 1.3% of the world’sdisease burden.health workers struggle to combat fully 25% of the global disease burden.For most priority For most diseases priority and diseases major contributors and major contributors to the global to burden the global of disease, burden effective of disease, effectiveinterventions, interventions, both preventive both and preventive curative, and do exist. curative, However, do exist. theHowever, access to the health access system to the health by poor system by pooris low. In Africa, is low. a mere In Africa, 1.3% of a mere the world’s 1.3% of health the world’s workers health struggle workers to combat struggle fully to 25% combat of the fully global 25% of the globaldisease burden.