FRONTESPIZIO - Cooperazione Italiana allo Sviluppo

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36 Augusto Cosulich, Vincenzo Racalbuto• Contribution for recurrent costs has been provided to the nursing schoolsof Oromia Region;• A technical working group on HRD has been established in order to assistthe MOH in designing and developing a sound HRD strategy.Pharmaceutical ServicesThe objective of the pharmaceutical services component of HSDP is to ensurea regular and adequate supply of effective, safe and affordable essentialdrugs, medical supplies and equipment and ensuring their rational use.In Ethiopia the shortage of drugs at HFs level is a consequence of the followingmain constrains: scarcity of available resources (the national drug expenditurefor person is 0,18 USD per year), scarcity of human resources, inefficientdistribution, complex and lengthy drug procurement system, substandardstorage facilities, inadequate transportation system, and poor inventorysystem (650,000 Euro of expired drugs in the year 2000), presence of substandardor counterfeit drugs in the local market (22% of the importeddrugs), scarcity of local production of drugs (only 13% of the total) . Oncethe drugs reach the health unit, they are dispensed in an often non-scientificway, based sometimes on inaccurate diagnosis and inapproximate therapeuticcriteria.The recent restructuring of the pharmaceutical system at central level and theestablishment of the autonomous body DACA (Drug Administration andControl Authority) would reinforce the entire sector.The activities and the results of the Italian contribution to HSDP regardingthe pharmaceutical sector are the following:Activities and ResultsDACA1. Strengthening of the Drug Quality Control and ToxicologyLaboratory:• A two months training for three people in South Africa has been realizedfor the personnel involved in the drug quality control;• Within few weeks the equipment for the quality control analysis just arrivedin the custom of the airport will be installed;• The inventory of equipment and instruments, reagent and referencestandard has been made. Standard Operation Procedures have been developed;• The resource of the laboratory have been strengthened providing: office
3. The ethiopian health sector and the italian contribution to HSDP 37furniture, computer, printer/scanner, photocopier, LCD projector, networkingapparatus, stationery and material for the documentation andactivation of data;• A database of essential reference books for the quality control of pharmaceuticalshas been realized;• An expert in pharmaceutical services has been seconded in the laboratoryto implement the activities and monitoring the initiative.2. Financing the construction of an incinerator for proper disposal ofdrug unfit for use:• One month training in Zimbabwe and in South Africa for four peopleof DACA, regarding the disposal of pharmaceutics, has been realized;• The technical design and specifications of the incinerator is on processin DACA.Oromia Region1. Establishment and organising of Special Pharmacies:A partial solution to improve the availability of drugs at HF level may bethe establishment of so called “special pharmacies”. These are drug shopslocated inside a public health service (hospital or health centre) and runby its own staff, where medicines are sold to everyone (i.e. no exemptionis applied) for a widely affordable price.• Thirty HCs in twelve different health zones of Oromia have been selected;two training for four days for 150 people have been conducted;• Drugs, furniture and vouchers and printed material have been procurefor start the activity;• A first activity of monitoring and evaluation has been conducted withthe Oromia RHB (July and August 2004), in the first 20 HCs wherethe initiative is already started and a monitoring report has been realisedand disseminated to DACA and to other donors involved in the sameinitiative;• An expert is providing the technical assistance and the monitoring ofactivities since the beginning of the programme.2. Asella Hospital• In the framework of the assistance regarding the management of AsellaHospital, the technical assistance has been made, related to the technicaland cost/effective evaluation of the IV Fluid Production Unit andthe provision of the technical specifications for the procurement of anew autoclave for the Unit;
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