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386AppendixConferences, Seminars andSymposia on traditional polyphonyI decided to add this appendix to the book to give the interested reader someinformation about the special conferences, symposia and seminars dedicated to theproblems of traditional vocal polyphony. Of course, plenty of papers on different aspectsof traditional polyphony have been delivered at countless ethnomusicologicalconferences, but here we discuss only the scholarly meetings that were fully dedicated totraditional polyphony. All the scholarly meetings discussed here had internationalparticipation.Conferences, symposia and seminars on traditional polyphony, as I am aware,were organized in different countries from the 1960s, and became particularly widespreadfrom the 1980s onwards. In this review I shall mention only the conference title, place,time, organizing body, names of the participants, countries they represented, and the titlesof their papers. Some conference and symposia materials were not published at all, somewere published as brief abstracts only, some were published as extended abstracts (from 2to 4 pages), and some were published as collections of full papers (some in more than onelanguage).Out of eighteen of such scholarly meetings, as I am aware of, only one has beenorganized in Africa (symbolically, the very first one in 1966), and one in South-East Asia(in 2002). Most of these conferences, symposia and seminars were organized in Europe.No such scholarly meeting dedicated to traditional polyphony has been so far organizedin North and South America or Australia. Scholarly meetings in this review are organizedin a chronological order.1966. Ghana. The University of Ghana in Legon, together with the Ministryof Education and Culture, hosted the Eighteenth International Conference of theInternational Folk Music Council. Conference was held from July 27 th to August 3 rd ,1966. The conference was not dedicated to the problems of traditional conference only. Ithad two main themes: (1) “The migration of folk music and its effect on musical styleand context”, and (2) “Multi-part techniques in folk music and dance”. The subject of ourinterest is the second theme, mostly dedicated to polyphony in traditional music. Fullpapers, delivered at the conference, were published in the Journal of the InternationalFolk Music Council. Vol. 19 (1967), together with the concluding remarks by K. P.Wachsmann on the sessions on multi-part techniques. This is the list of scholars and theirpapers that were published in 1967:1. Isabel Aretz, Venezuela, Caracas. “The polyphonic chant in South America.” 2. DeborahBertunoff, Israel Tel Aviv. “A comparative study of the movement accentuation of the body in differentcultures.” 3. Ernst Emsheimer, Sweden, Stockholm. “Georgian folk polyphony.” 4. Nicholas England,USA, New York. “Bushmen counterpoint.” 5. Akin Euba, Nigeria. “Multiple pitch lines in Yoruba choralmusic.” 6. Felix Hoeburger, Germany, Regensburg. “Oriental elements in the folk dance and folk dancemusic of Greek Macedonia.” 7. Atta Annar Mersah, Ghana, Legon. “The polyphony of Gyil-gu, Kuozo andAwutu Sakumo.” 8. Kwabena Nketia, Ghana, Legon. “Multi-part organization in the music of the Gogo ofTanzania.” 9. David Rucroft, UK, London.“Nguni vocal polyphony.” 10. Simkha Arom [Simha Arom],
387Central African Republic, Bangul. “Instruments de la musique particuliers a certaines ethnies de laRepublique Centrafricaine.”1972, Georgia. The 5 th National Seminar of the Musicologists andFolklorists of the USSR was held in Georgia on 27 th May – 7 th June. The title of theseminar was “Polyphony in Folk Musical Art.” The seminar was organized as a jointventure of the Folklore Commission of the Union of Composers of the Soviet Union(chair – Eduard Alexeev) together with the Union of Composers of Georgia and theMusical-Choreographic Committee of Georgia. Scholarly sessions were organized indifferent cities of western Georgia. Seminar participants had meetings with numerouslocal ensembles (according to the official letter, 32 ensembles), and over 200 songs wereperformed and recorded by the participants during these performances. Some scholarsattended the seminar without the formal paper. No papers or abstracts of the papers of theconference were published. The list of scholars and their papers is as follows:1. Robert Atayan, Armenia, Erevan. “On polyphony in Armenian folk Music.” 2. VladimirGoshovski, Armenia, Erevan. a) “Classification of the types of polyphony”; b) “Is heterophony apolyphony?” 3. Elena Murzina, Ukraine, Kiev. “Sociological aspect of the study of group singing.” 4. NinaGerasimova-Persidskaia, Ukraine, Kiev. “Reflections of the characteristics of traditional polyphony in themanuscripts of the 17 th -beginning of the 18 th centuries.” 5. Bairam Guseinli, Azerbaijan, Baku. “Element ofpolyphony in Azerbaijan traditional music.” 6. Grigol Chkhikvadze, Georgia, Tbilisi. “Georgian traditionalpolyphony and its characteristic features.” 7. Iakov Vitolin, Latvia, Riga. “Drone polyphony in Latviantraditional song.” 8. Nariman Mamedov, Azerbaijan, Baku. “Elements of polyphony in Azerbaijanmughams.” 9. Nikolai Boiarkin, Mordva [Russia], Saransk. “Stylistics of Mordvinian folk songs.” 10.Evsevi Chokhonelidze, Georgia, Tbilisi. “Issues of chordal structures of Georgian folk songs.” 11.Margarita Mazo, Russia, Leningrad. “Polyphonic types from Vologda.” 12. Igor Kniazev, Russia, Moscow.“Performance forms of part-singing according to the materials of fieldwork to the Voronezh region.” 13.Dmitri Pokrovsky, Russia, Moscow. “Some features of the instrumental polyphony in Pskov region.” 14.Valerian Magradze, Georgia, Tbilisi. “Reconstruction of the relict forms of Georgian folk polyphony.” 15.Mindia Jordania, Georgia, Tbilisi. “The ways of emergence of Georgian polyphony.” 16. Tatiana Ganzina,Ukraine, Kiev. Distribution of different types of polyphony on the territory of the Ukraine.” 17. VladimirMatvienko, Ukraine, Kiev. “Ways of development of polyphony in Ukraine.” 18. Atanazar Matiakubov,Uzbekistan, Tashkent. “Polyphonic thinking in Uzbek folk music.” 19. Bekten Beishenbiev, Kyrgyzstan.“Contemporary forms of Kyrgyz folk polyphony.” 20. Arvidas Karashka, Lithuania, Vilnius. “Peculiaritiesof polyphony of Lithuanian instrumental sutartines.” 21. Udo Kolk, Estonia, Tartu. “Setu polyphony.” 22.Shaban Shu, North Caucasia (Russia), Maikop. “Problems of polyphony in Adighian instrumental music.”23. Iulia Krasovskaia, Russia, Moscow. “Linear means with polyphonic combination of choral lyricalwedding song and the bride’s weeping (wedding ritual of Pereslavl-Zelenskogo).” 24. LarissaKostriukovets, Belarus, Minsk. “’Kant Polyphony’ in Belarus.”1973, Austria. “Drone in European Folk Music” was the title of theinternational conference that was held in Saint-Polten, Austria, on May 28- June 2, 1973.According to the conference program, 16 papers were delivered, and ten of them (onenew among them, on drone polyphony in Iceland) were published as a separate collectionin 1981 in German (see Deutsch, 1981). In this list the papers that were not published aremarked with *:1. Walter Deutsch*. “Der bordun in der europaischen volksmusik.” 2. Reidar Sevag*.“Bordunierende Volksmusikinstrumente in Norwegen.” 3. Karl Frank*. ”Zur maultrommel inSuddeutschland.” 4. Brigitte Bachmann-Geiser. “Schellenschutteln und Talerschwingen in der Schweiz.” 5.Ivan Kachulev. “Zveistimmige Volksmusikinstrumente in Bulgarien.” 6. Dragoslav Devich. “Typenserbischer Sackpfeifen.” 7. Tibor Ehlers. “Formen und Moglichkeiten der drehleier.” 8. Birthe Traerup.“Bordunierende Zveistimmigkeit in Mazedonien.” 9. Felix Hoeburger. “Bordunbildungen in derVolksmusik Griechenlands.” 10. Felix Karlinger*. “Die sardischen Launeddas.” 11. Claudie Marcel-Dubois*: La musique instrumental a bourdon dans la tradition populaire francaise.” 12. John A. Brune.“Piob mhor und andere britisch-irische Sackpfeifen.” 13. Klaus Walter. “Die bordunpraxis in der
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387Central African Republic, Bangul. “Instruments de la musique particuliers a certaines ethnies de laRepublique Centrafricaine.”1972, Georgia. The 5 th National Seminar of <strong>the</strong> Musicologists andFolklorists of <strong>the</strong> USSR was held in Georgia on 27 th May – 7 th June. The title of <strong>the</strong>seminar was “Polyphony in Folk Musical Art.” The seminar was organized as a jointventure of <strong>the</strong> Folklore Commission of <strong>the</strong> Union of Composers of <strong>the</strong> Soviet Union(chair – Eduard Alexeev) toge<strong>the</strong>r with <strong>the</strong> Union of Composers of Georgia and <strong>the</strong>Musical-Choreographic Committee of Georgia. Scholarly sessions were organized indifferent cities of western Georgia. Seminar participants had meetings with numerouslocal ensembles (according to <strong>the</strong> official letter, 32 ensembles), and over 200 songs wereperformed and recorded by <strong>the</strong> participants during <strong>the</strong>se performances. Some scholarsattended <strong>the</strong> seminar without <strong>the</strong> formal paper. No papers or abstracts of <strong>the</strong> papers of <strong>the</strong>conference were published. The list of scholars and <strong>the</strong>ir papers is as follows:1. Robert Atayan, Armenia, Erevan. “On polyphony in Armenian folk Music.” 2. VladimirGoshovski, Armenia, Erevan. a) “Classification of <strong>the</strong> types of polyphony”; b) “Is heterophony apolyphony?” 3. Elena Murzina, Ukraine, Kiev. “Sociological aspect of <strong>the</strong> study of group singing.” 4. NinaGerasimova-Persidskaia, Ukraine, Kiev. “Reflections of <strong>the</strong> characteristics of traditional polyphony in <strong>the</strong>manuscripts of <strong>the</strong> 17 th -beginning of <strong>the</strong> 18 th centuries.” 5. Bairam Guseinli, Azerbaijan, Baku. “Element ofpolyphony in Azerbaijan traditional music.” 6. Grigol Chkhikvadze, Georgia, Tbilisi. “Georgian traditionalpolyphony and its characteristic features.” 7. Iakov Vitolin, Latvia, Riga. “Drone polyphony in Latviantraditional song.” 8. Nariman Mamedov, Azerbaijan, Baku. “Elements of polyphony in Azerbaijanmughams.” 9. Nikolai Boiarkin, Mordva [Russia], Saransk. “Stylistics of Mordvinian folk songs.” 10.Evsevi Chokhonelidze, Georgia, Tbilisi. “Issues of chordal structures of Georgian folk songs.” 11.Margarita Mazo, Russia, Leningrad. “Polyphonic types from Vologda.” 12. Igor Kniazev, Russia, Moscow.“Performance forms of part-singing according to <strong>the</strong> materials of fieldwork to <strong>the</strong> Voronezh region.” 13.Dmitri Pokrovsky, Russia, Moscow. “Some features of <strong>the</strong> instrumental polyphony in Pskov region.” 14.Valerian Magradze, Georgia, Tbilisi. “Reconstruction of <strong>the</strong> relict forms of Georgian folk polyphony.” 15.Mindia Jordania, Georgia, Tbilisi. “The ways of emergence of Georgian polyphony.” 16. Tatiana Ganzina,Ukraine, Kiev. Distribution of different types of polyphony on <strong>the</strong> territory of <strong>the</strong> Ukraine.” 17. VladimirMatvienko, Ukraine, Kiev. “Ways of development of polyphony in Ukraine.” 18. Atanazar Matiakubov,Uzbekistan, Tashkent. “Polyphonic thinking in Uzbek folk music.” 19. Bekten Beishenbiev, Kyrgyzstan.“Contemporary forms of Kyrgyz folk polyphony.” 20. Arvidas Karashka, Lithuania, Vilnius. “Peculiaritiesof polyphony of Lithuanian instrumental sutartines.” 21. Udo Kolk, Estonia, Tartu. “Setu polyphony.” 22.Shaban Shu, North Caucasia (Russia), Maikop. “Problems of polyphony in Adighian instrumental music.”23. Iulia Krasovskaia, Russia, Moscow. “Linear means with polyphonic combination of choral lyricalwedding song and <strong>the</strong> bride’s weeping (wedding ritual of Pereslavl-Zelenskogo).” 24. LarissaKostriukovets, Belarus, Minsk. “’Kant Polyphony’ in Belarus.”1973, Austria. “Drone in European Folk Music” was <strong>the</strong> title of <strong>the</strong>international conference that was held in Saint-Polten, Austria, on May 28- June 2, 1973.According to <strong>the</strong> conference program, 16 papers were delivered, and ten of <strong>the</strong>m (onenew among <strong>the</strong>m, on drone polyphony in Iceland) were published as a separate collectionin 1981 in German (see Deutsch, 1981). In this list <strong>the</strong> papers that were not published aremarked with *:1. Walter Deutsch*. “Der bordun in der europaischen volksmusik.” 2. Reidar Sevag*.“Bordunierende Volksmusikinstrumente in Norwegen.” 3. Karl Frank*. ”Zur maultrommel inSuddeutschland.” 4. Brigitte Bachmann-Geiser. “Schellenschutteln und Talerschwingen in der Schweiz.” 5.Ivan Kachulev. “Zveistimmige Volksmusikinstrumente in Bulgarien.” 6. Dragoslav Devich. “Typenserbischer Sackpfeifen.” 7. Tibor Ehlers. “<strong>For</strong>men und Moglichkeiten der drehleier.” 8. Bir<strong>the</strong> Traerup.“Bordunierende Zveistimmigkeit in Mazedonien.” 9. Felix Hoeburger. “Bordunbildungen in derVolksmusik Griechenlands.” 10. Felix Karlinger*. “Die sardischen Launeddas.” 11. Claudie Marcel-Dubois*: La musique instrumental a bourdon dans la tradition populaire francaise.” 12. John A. Brune.“Piob mhor und andere britisch-irische Sackpfeifen.” 13. Klaus Walter. “Die bordunpraxis in der