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378• As human society becomes increasingly politicized, moral and religious normsplay an important part in musical life as well. Politicians discuss controlling musicaltastes of their citizens (e.g. Plato in Ancient Greece or communist ideologists in SovietUnion), they ban some types of music and try to fundamentally transform musical cultureof whole peoples (like in USSR), most religions control musical activity and ban earlier“barbaric” forms of music (like early Christianity), and some religions ban music almostcompletely as a sin (Islam). On the other hand, in some cases polyphonic singing maybecome a symbol of national identity and receive a strong political and social boost (likein Corsica, Bulgaria, Lithuania, or Georgia).To complete this historical reconstruction of the disappearance of the ancienttradition of polyphonic singing, I would suggest that different contemporary humanpopulations are in different stages of this process, mostly depending on the chronology ofthe origins of the articulated speech among their ancestors. Among East Asian, AustralianAboriginal and most of the Native American populations this process of losing thetradition of vocal polyphony is mostly completed, and there are no major traces of thetradition of vocal polyphony left (except still surviving tradition of group singing – socialpolyphony, mostly in antiphonal and responsorial forms). Among European, small part ofNative American and possibly Polynesian populations the process of disappearing ofpolyphonic traditions is going now. Sub-Saharan Africa seems to be the only regionwhere the process of the disappearance of vocal polyphony did not have a major impactso far (at least, actively).Conclusions: Any more queations?We reached the end of the part three, and this is the end of this book. Only thePostScript and Appendix are left. Postscript discusses the moral and ethical problemsconnected with the suggested model of the origins of human choral singing, intelligence,language and speech, and an appendix provides information about the special conferencesdedicated to traditional polyphony that has been held in different countries of the worldduring the last few decades.So here are the main conclusions:• The problem of the origins of choral polyphony is not a musicological problemonly. Origin of choral polyphony was an integral part of the evolutionary history ofhuman language, intelligence, and articulated speech, and should be only discussed inthis context.• Singing has long existed in animal kingdom, but group singing with a strictrhythmic organization seems to be characteristic of human singing only. The origins ofhuman polyphony were initially connected to the appearance of the metro-rhythmic unityamong the groups of hominids and it served the important role of the defense against the