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377• As the process of the decline of good musical ear and good sound productiongoes on, some members of society stop participating in singing activities. Number ofpeople who do not participate in singing is growing as the time goes by. People withgood articulations are becoming leaders and are socially more accepted. The prevalenceof stuttering is further decreasing. People with good musical ear sing and entertain thosewho can hear and appreciate musical sounds, but cannot sing in tune themselves. Thosewho do not sing, form a new group of society – group of listeners. Division on society onperformers and listeners is born. Elements of professionalism appear.• People still sing in groups (particularly in rituals, where mass participation isbelieved to have a magic power), but as the decline of precise sound production, goodmusical ear and the sense of rhythm goes on, it is increasingly difficult to sing as wellcoordinatedand tight group. People gradually abandon singing different parts and startfollowing the main melody. Unison and heterophonic texture is on rise. Polyphonicelements are survived only in the cadencial sections of songs.• In this process of losing parts of polyphonic songs, new monophonic versions ofpolyphonic songs are born, where in the single melodic line the elements of differentparts are united. This phenomenon can be observed very often (even today) when aperson from a polyphonic culture tries to sing alone, without co-singers.• In the process of the decline of musical ear and well-coordinated grouppolyphonic singing traditions, new type of musical instrument – double (triple,quadruple) blown instruments are on the rise. Some processes that were traditionallyaccompanied by group singing are now accompanied by individual singing. Some goeswithout singing at all. Some goes with the instrumental accompaniment.• Individuals with good musical ear are appreciated in society as good singers andmusicians. They become semi-professionals who are still involved in animal husbandryor agricultural processes but have some additional income from their musical activity aswell. As time goes by, some talented individuals manage to lead a life as full-timemusicians.• As the process goes on, monophonic singing becomes the only form of singing.Polyphonic elements in cadences are also lost. Double blown instruments stay formallydouble, but turn into unison instruments with the same length of the pipes and samenumber of holes. Full-time musicians start developing musical instruments, making themmore virtuoso, start going beyond the sounds and try to create a theory of music.Tractates about music are born. Performances of highly trained performers are listened bythe rest of the population. Competition between full-time musicians is on rise. The socialmodel “one performer – many listeners” is in full swing, although some processes (likeritual singing, or agricultural works) might be still accompanied by group (unison orheterophonic) singing. Long process of evolution favoring individuals with goodarticulation causes further reduction of the number of individuals with stuttering andother speech-related pathologies.