White Paper - Future of Air Transport - London City Airport ...

The Future of Air TransportSummary of Government Policy(White Paper Dec ’03)Janet GoultonLong Term Strategy ManagerJanuary 2004

Contents• Background to the need for a White Paper• Large airports in the South East• The rest of the country• Small airports in the South East• London City Airport• What next?

SE and E ofEngland Study(SERAS)OtherRegional Regional Air AirStudies Regional AirStudiesStudiesSetting UK Airport Policy – ‘WhitePaper’ Process and TimingsConsultationbegan Jul 02ConsultationDocumentationConsultationfinished 30June 03ConsultationProcessPublished 16Dec 03AviationWhite PaperOtherStudies OtherStudies OtherStudiesAir Freight, TechnologyBusiness Aviation etcDemandCapacityOptionsCosts & Benefits0.5 millionresponsesmade toGovt.GovernmentPolicy onairports inUK for 30years

What is the Aviation WhitePaper?• A document setting out the Government’s conclusionson the case for future expansion at airports acrossthe country to 2030• It is a policy framework against which relevant publicbodies, airport operators and airlines can plan ahead,and which will guide decisions on future planningapplications• But it does not formally authorise (or preclude) anydevelopment

Why was it needed?• Last aviation policy – 1985. Didn’t really addresscapacity issues• This resulted in over-lengthy planning enquiries,unnecessary delay and uncertainty• Because aviation has grown at 5-6% a year since1970• ………and is predicted to grow to between two andthree times what it is today by 2030

Long Term GovernmentForecasts – (mppa)2002actual2010 2015 2020 2030UnitedKingdomSouth EastEngland189118277 335 402 501173 202 242 301

Overall White Paper is…….a clear and positive statement….generally pro aviation development:“…..Airport development is a matter of greatsignificance at national & local levels”“…provision of capacity is important for nationalcompetitiveness, for regional development and forpeople’s ability to travel quickly, easily andaffordably to where they want to go”

The Government wanted views on:Recap of ConsultationQuestions (for SE)1. Should new airport capacity be provided in the South East overthe next years, and if so, how much?2. Where should any new airport capacity (runways) be located?Should Heathrow be developed further?3. What controls, mitigation measures and compensation should beput in place to limit and manage the adverse impacts of anyadditional airport development on people and on the natural andbuilt environment?

StanstedProposal: Up to 3 new runwaysWhite PaperThe development a.s.a.p. (2011/2012) of a widespaced 2 nd runway as the first runway to be built inthe South EastThe option to develop two or three additionalrunways at STN is not supported

Stansted• Current planning approval – 25mppa• Max use of existing runway (plus more terminal) –35mppa• 2 nd runway – capacity of STN increases to 46mppa• Development of STN fits with Govt’s regionalgrowth plans for London-Stansted-Cambridgecorridor• Means loss of 100 properties inc 29 grade IIlisted

Stansted – 2 nd runway

HeathrowProposal: 2,000m runway built to the north of existing airportWhite Paper• A third runway at LHR is supported a.s.a.p after new runway at STN(c2015-2020) The need for a 6 th terminal is acknowledged.•…..but only if stringent environmental limits can be met- No net increase in the total area of the 57dBA noisecontour compared with summer 2002- Compliance with mandatory EU air quality limit valuesfor NO2 that will apply from 2010- Commitment to institute immediately a programme ofaction to consider how tackle NO2 problem

Heathrow – 3 rd Runway

Heathrow• Until a 3 rd runway is built, need to consider thescope for greater utilisation of the two existingrunways:– Mixed mode operations in peak hours but retainrunway alternation for rest of time– Need for further public consultation– Govt. expects BAA to work with CAA and NATS todevelop proposals

GatwickProposal: Up to 2 new runwaysWhite Paper:• Will not seek to overturn 1979 planning agreementpreventing construction of a 2 nd runway before 2019• Land should be safeguarded for a new wide spacedrunway after 2019 because:– Strong case for more capacity here– Needed even more if conditions attached to 3 rd runway at LHRcannot be met

CliffeProposal: New purpose-built airport on site in North Kentfor a 2 runway airport or a 4 runway airportWhite Paper: NOT supported – Why?• Wildlife habitats protected under EU law – Govt. wouldneed to demonstrate that there was no alternative toCliffe – it couldn’t!• Lobbying by RSBP• Potential safety risk from bird strikes• Very high capital costs to build it therefore netbenefits were lower than for any of the other optionsat existing airports• Financial viability questionable – high up-frontconstruction costs

LutonProposal: To replace existing runway either:a) By re-aligning and extending it orb) Re-providing it to the south of the existing, and usingthe existing as a taxiwayWhite Paper:• Option a) – no real economic benefits• Option b) - no real overall gain in capacity• LTN proposed to lengthen existing runway andtaxiway. Govt has supported this but rejectedLTN’s proposal for a 2 nd close parallel runway.

The rest of the country..Scotland• Land should be safeguarded for an additionalrunway at EDI and GLA (but only one would everbe built)• Substantial terminal development at GLAsupportedWales• Cardiff should remain main airport for Wales• A new airport in South East Wales not supported

The rest of the country…North of England• Additional terminal capacity at Manchester• Extend terminals and runways at Newcastle,Liverpool, Leeds Bradford & Teesside airports - allsupportedThe Midlands• 2 nd runway at Birmingham proposed• Expansion of air freight operations supported atEast Midlands Airport• A new airport between Coventry & Rugby notsupported

The rest of the country..The South West• Runway and terminal extensions at Bristolsupported• A new airport north of Bristol not supported• Additional terminal capacity at BournemouthsupportedNorthern Ireland• Govt. asked NI authorities to review Belfast City’splanning agreement• Increased capacity at Belfast Internationalsupported

Small Airports in the South EastNorwich• ‘Scope for airport to grow to satisfy local demand’Northolt• Is a core site within the MOD’s future estatesplan• Option for development as a satellite runway ofLHR was rejected

Small Airports in the South EastRedhill• Further development is rejected. NATS and CAAconsider that Redhill would not yield claimedcapacity (15mppa) and could prejudice current andfuture capacity at Gatwick.Southend, Lydd, Manston, Shoreham, Biggin Hill• Govt. considers that these airports could play avaluable role in meeting local demand & couldcontribute to regional economic development. Inprinciple their development is supported, subjectto relevant environmental considerations.

Small Airports in the South EastSouthampton• Scope for airport to grow to 2-2.5 mppa to satisfylocal demandLondon City Airport• White Paper notes the potential of LCY to grow

Paragraph 11.96London City AirportLondon City provides services within the UK as well as toa wide range of key European destinations such as Paris,Amsterdam and Zurich. Our forecasts show that theairport is likely to grow steadily and that this growthwould not be significantly affected by the addition ofrunway capacity at the major London airports. It isparticularly well placed to serve a niche business market.Several of the surrounding local authorities supportedgrowth to 5mppa. The airport operator believes that withsome further development a higher throughput could beachieved.

Other paragraphs relevant toLCYPara 11.93Small airports have an important part to play in thefuture provision of airport capacity in the South East.Their ability to provide services to meet local demand,and thereby help relieve pressures on the mainairports, will be particularly important in the periodbefore a new runway in the South East is built.

Para 11.94Other paragraphs relevant toLCY cont..There is support from a wide range of stakeholdersthat the small airports in the South East should beallowed to cater for as much demand as they canattract. And from the studies undertaken for theWhite Paper and the responses to the consultation, itappears that some further development could bepossible at any of the smaller airports that have beenassessed without insurmountable environmentalconstraints

Para 11.95Other paragraphs relevant toLCY cont..To help the small airports in the South East achievetheir development aims, regional and local planningframeworks should take account of the benefits thatdevelopment at the smaller airports could provide, andconsider policies which facilitate the delivery ofgrowth at these airports. The specific details ofdevelopment at any airport should remain a matter oflocal determination through the planning system.

Other paragraphs relevant toLCY cont..Para 11.99We consider that all these airports could play avaluable role in meeting local demand and couldcontribute to regional economic development. Inprinciple, we would support their development, subjectto relevant environmental considerations.

Other paragraphs relevant toLCY cont..Para 11.101 – Business AviationThe ability of business aviation to gain access tothe main airports in South East will continue to beproblematic as capacity constraints cause airportto focus on more valuable commercial traffic. TheGovernment recognises the important contributionmade by small airports in the South East inproviding capacity for business aviation. Wesupport the adoption of policies which encouragethe continued provision of these services.

Other paragraphs relevant toLCY cont..Paras 4.44 – 4.46 Public Service Obligations (PSO)‘….recognising the importance of regional services, theGovt. is prepared to intervene in well definedcircumstances to protect slots at London* airportsfor such services by imposing PSOs. The impositionof a PSO enables the slots used for that service tobe ‘ring-fenced’, so that an airline cannot use themfor a service to an alternative destination.’* For the purposes of this policy, London airports willinclude Gatwick, Heathrow, London City, Luton andStansted.

What next?Master Plan is unlikely to contain:• Runway extension• Ability to accept significantly larger/noisieraircraft

What next?• LCY will start preparing a Master Plan during 2004and present it to the LCACC for comment, beforeit is finalised