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O’Keefe, Jiang, Ng and Rempel 371and mesityl oxide probe molecules were obtained to ascertain their adsorptionproperties. The adsorption DRIFT spectra at ambient temperature of carbonmonoxide probe molecules on the Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst, which was pre-reduced inhydrogen for 1h at 120°C, are illustrated in Figure 3. The band at 2075 cm -1corresponds to linearly adsorbed carbon monoxide. The bands at 1977 and 1916 cm -1correspond to bridged and multibridged carbon monoxide, respectively. The doubletbands at 2173 cm -1 and 2119 cm -1 correspond to gaseous carbon monoxide over thecatalyst. The existence of linear and bridged carbon monoxide not only confirms theexistence of Pd 0 but is also indicative of the metal crystallite structure since thebridged species requires larger crystallite sizes while the linearly adsorbed carbonmonoxide is characteristic of smaller more highly dispersed crystallites. Moreover,the prevalence of bridged and multibridged carbon monoxide in the specimen ofFigure 3 indicates the existence of adjacent sites, which may facilitate thediadsorption of mesityl oxide, as we have previously proposed (2). Additionalexperiments in which the catalyst was reduced in situ over various temperatures priorto carbon monoxide adsorption revealed that the crystallites became increasinglyaggregated with increasing reduction temperature up to 250°C, beyond which nomorphological change was observed.reflectance (a.u.)reflectance (a.u.)CO pulse ads.CO Δt= pulse 10 sec ads.Δt = 10 sec21732119time1916increases2075207519772300 2200 2100 2000 1900 1800wavenumber (cm -1 )-1 )Figure 3 DRIFT spectra ofcarbon monoxide probemolecule pulse adsorbed ona commercial Pd/Al 2 O 3catalyst reduced in H 2 for 1hat 120°C (spectra wererecorded in 10 sec intervalafter pulse).The hydrogenation of mesityl oxide over the commercial Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst wascarried out in situ in the FTIR cell and was found to be facile proceeding readily atambient temperature as illustrated in Figure 3. The spectra in the top half of Figure 4correspond to mesityl oxide pulse adsorbed onto the catalyst. The bands at 1677 and1610 cm -1 correspond to the carbonyl and olefin groups respectively. Note that ashydrogen is pulsed into the IR cell as illustrated in the bottom half of Figure 3, theband corresponding to the olefin group of mesityl oxide begins to disappear and theband corresponding to the ketone group begins to shift from 1677 to 1700 cm -1 ,characteristic of the ketone group of MIBK, indicating that the C=C species inmesityl oxide is easy to hydrogenate. Note that MIBK and mesityl oxide are furtherdistinguished by their characteristic CH x stretching vibrations as shown in Figure 3.
372 MIBK Synthesis via CDIn MIBK, the asymmetric and symmetric bands of ν(CH 3 ) at 2960 and 2875 cm -1become much stronger than those of the ν(CH 2 ) due to the saturation of the C=Cbond.Figure 4 (right)DRIFT adsorptionspectra of mesityloxide pulse adsorbedat 25°C on Pd/Al 2 O 3catalyst pre-reducedin H 2 for 1h at 120°Crecorded in a timeinterval of 10 sec(bottom) in situhydrogenation ofmesityl oxide at 25°Cas purged by H 2recorded in a timeinterval of 10 sec.flectance (%)re2982MO pulse ads.Δt = 10 sec2960H 2purge29202875time increasestime increases16771700161014501610 14501677136413703200 3000 2800 1800 1600 1400 1200wavenumber (cm -1 )reflectance (a.u.)29652875MIBK pulse ads.Δt = 10 sec14701369timeIncrease170025 o C50 o C100 o C150 o C200 o C2875 1470 137017002960Figure 5Left: DRIFTspectra of MIBKpulse adsorbedon Pd/Al 2 O 3recorded in 10sec intervalsRight: DRIFTdesorptionspectra of MIBKas temperature isincreased to200°C.3200 2800 1800 1600 1400 3200 2800 1800 1600 1400 1200wavenumber (cm -1 )The DRIFT spectra of MIBK are illustrated on the left side of Figure 5, asMIBK is pulse adsorbed onto the Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The MIBK desorption DRIFT
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Catalysis ofOrganic Reactions
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14. Catalyst Manufacture: Laborator
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62. Catalysis of Organic Reactions,
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108. Metal Oxides: Chemistry and Ap
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CRC PressTaylor & Francis Group6000
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xiii14. The Transformation of Light
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xviien Catalisis y Petroquimica (UN
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xix56. Transition Metal Removal fro
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xxiiiChronology of Organic Reaction
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To Zsuzsanna and Tim
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Jones et al. 31. On the Use of Immo
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Jones et al. 5three-phase tests in
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Jones et al. 7In the HKR of rac-epi
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Jones et al. 9term performance char
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Jones et al. 115. A. S. Gruber, D.
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Moses et al. 132. Supported Re Cata
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Moses et al. 15perrhenate, followed
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Moses et al. 17SnCOSnMe 4≡SiOReO
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Moses et al. 19(AlOSi) of the cube.
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Moses et al. 212.510 3 k obs / s -1
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Wang et al. 233. Catalytic Hydrogen
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Wang et al. 25The rate expressions
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Wang et al. 27Schiff’s base forma
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Wang et al. 29AcknowledgementsWe gr
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32Halophosphite LigandsIn 1970, Pru
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34Halophosphite LigandsThe ligands,
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36Halophosphite LigandsTable 2 Temp
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38Halophosphite Ligands3. P. W. N.
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40Monolithic Bioreactorstrength for
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42Monolithic BioreactorMenten equat
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Gőbölös et al. 456. Highly Selec
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Gőbölös et al. 47was practically
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Gőbölös et al. 49noteworthy that
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Gőbölös et al. 51Figure 2 NMR sp
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Gőbölös et al. 53internal TMS in
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56Hydrotalcite-like Catalysts[A n-
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58Hydrotalcite-like Catalystssample
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Mantilla, Tzompantzi, Torres and G
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68Synthesis of MIBKwe examined the
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70Synthesis of MIBK1412Conversion (
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72Synthesis of MIBK4,4’-dimethyl
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74Synthesis of MIBKobtained for MIB
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Ardizzi et al. 7710. The Control of
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Ardizzi et al. 79type acidity at th
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Ardizzi et al. 81procedure describe
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84Phenol Benzoylationconsecutive Fr
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86Phenol BenzoylationThis does not
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II. Symposium on Catalytic Oxidatio
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92Oxidation with Microchannel Immob
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100 Propylene Partial OxidationThe
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102 Propylene Partial OxidationSiO
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104 Propylene Partial Oxidation0.01
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106 Propylene Partial Oxidation0.02
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108 Propylene Partial OxidationRefe
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110Oxidation of n-Pentanemethacryli
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112Oxidation of n-PentaneFReqox1ox2
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114Oxidation of n-Pentanethe presen
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116Oxidation of n-PentaneIn the mec
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118Oxidation of n-PentaneReferences
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120TEMPO Oxidation of Alcoholsthe u
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122TEMPO Oxidation of AlcoholsThe r
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124TEMPO Oxidation of Alcoholsany d
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126TEMPO Oxidation of Alcoholsconce
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128TEMPO Oxidation of AlcoholsMNT :
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130TEMPO Oxidation of Alcoholsuptak
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132Aminoalcohols to Aminocarboxylic
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142Bromine-Free TEMPO-Based Catalys
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148CO OxidationP25 TiO 2 , respecti
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150CO Oxidation0.02(a)21802110(b)21
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152CO Oxidationcarboxylate species
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Yamauchi 15519. 2006 Murray Raney A
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Yamauchi 157transformation is schem
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Yamauchi 159The X-ray diffraction p
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Yamauchi 161was -0.0009, -0.0032 an
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Yamauchi 163shown in Fig. 12. It wa
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Yamauchi 165These fine particles we
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168Nitrobenzene Hydrogenationfurthe
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170Nitrobenzene Hydrogenationhydrog
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172Nitrobenzene HydrogenationThe co
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174Nitrobenzene HydrogenationHence
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176Nitrobenzene Hydrogenation10. G.
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178 Hydrogenation of Dehydrolinaloo
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188Modeling Mass Transfer Hydrogena
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198 Fructose HydrogenationHOHCCH 2O
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200 Fructose HydrogenationTable 1.
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202 Fructose Hydrogenationmmol form
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204 Fructose Hydrogenationthe subst
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206 Fructose Hydrogenationcleave th
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208 Fructose Hydrogenationfulfills
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210 Fructose Hydrogenationis not th
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Disselkamp et al. 21324. Cavitating
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Disselkamp et al. 215column. In a p
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Disselkamp et al. 217selectivity es
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Disselkamp et al. 219hydrogenated (
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Disselkamp et al. 221A somewhat mor
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Disselkamp et al. 223Scheme 4.cis-2
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Disselkamp et al. 225conventional c
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Ostgard et al. 22725. The Treatment
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Ostgard et al. 229Table 1. The reac
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Ostgard et al. 231metal atoms. Thes
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Ostgard et al. 233In conclusion, th
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Kuusisto, Mikkola and Salmi 23526.
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Kuusisto, Mikkola and Salmi 237100A
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Kuusisto, Mikkola and Salmi 2399. B
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242 1-Phenyl-1-Propyneof cis-β-met
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244 1-Phenyl-1-Propynealkene. When
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Musolino, Apa, Donato and Pietropao
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Gőbölös and Margitfalvi 25329. R
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Gőbölös and Margitfalvi 255maxim
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Gőbölös and Margitfalvi 257Y=421
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Rothenberg et al. 26130. How to Fin
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Rothenberg et al. 263By dividing th
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Rothenberg et al. 265pre-define the
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Rothenberg et al. 267Table 1. Parti
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Rothenberg et al. 269Experimental S
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Angueira and White 27131. Novel Chl
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Angueira and White 273optimizedgeom
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Angueira and White 275F igure 4 - c
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Angueira and White 277Table 1. 27 A
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Angueira and White 279obtained from
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Robitaille, Clément, Chapuzet and
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Cao, White, Wang and Frye 28933. Se
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Cao, White, Wang and Frye 291Experi
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294Chiral Ferrocene Ligandsnew Twin
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296Chiral Ferrocene LigandsTable 1.
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298Chiral Ferrocene Ligandsprevents
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300Chiral Ferrocene LigandsConclusi
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302Chiral Ferrocene Ligandsextracte
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304 Catalyst Library DesignIn gas p
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306 Catalyst Library Designd−(b 0
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308 Catalyst Library DesignBasic Pr
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310 Catalyst Library DesignD in com
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312 Catalyst Library DesignCatalyst
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314 Catalyst Library Design27. S. H
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316 Dendrimer TemplatesWe are devel
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318 Dendrimer TemplatesThe differen
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Page 375 and 376: 348Heteropoly AcidsSOOO O+ +OS1 2 3
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Page 413 and 414: 386 Carbonylation of Chloropinacolo
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Page 443 and 444: 416 Production of BiodieselTable 1.
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422 Production of Biodiesel10080Sel
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424 Production of Biodieselproduct
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Marincean et al. 42747. Glycerol Hy
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Marincean et al. 429Experimental Se
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Marincean et al. 431neutralize all
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Marincean et al. 433suggesting that
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Marincean et al. 435increasing from
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Kocal 43748. Developing Sustainable
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Kocal 439description of the four st
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Kocal 441metallurgy in parts of the
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Kocal 443that capital investment co
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Kocal 4455. J.J. Siirola, An Indust
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448Propylene Oxidation to POSupercr
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450Propylene Oxidation to POTable 1
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452Propylene Oxidation to PO
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Riermeier et al. 45550. catASium ®
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Riermeier et al. 457It is interesti
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Riermeier et al. 459Reaction of the
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Riermeier et al. 461References1. I.
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464 Chiral 2-Amino-1-Phenylethanolp
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466 Chiral 2-Amino-1-PhenylethanolI
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468 Chiral 2-Amino-1-Phenylethanola
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470 t-Butanol DehydrationResults an
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472 t-Butanol Dehydrationcomprises
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Pohlmann et al 47553. Leaching Resi
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Pohlmann et al 477this study. In th
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Pohlmann et al 479Experimental Sect
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482 Reductive AlkylationSince the p
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484 Reductive AlkylationTable 2. Re
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Wolf, Seebald and Tacke 48755. Acce
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Wolf, Seebald and Tacke 489100Norma
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Wolf, Seebald and Tacke 4911,88Figu
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Woods et al. 49356. Transition Meta
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Woods et al. 495Effect of oxidation
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Woods et al. 497
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Woods et al. 499removed the samples
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502 Electroreductive Catalytic Ullm
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504 Electroreductive Catalytic Ullm
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Catalysis of Organic Reactions 507A
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Catalysis of Organic Reactions 509K
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Catalysis of Organic Reactions 511T
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514 Keyword Indexcarboncarbon dioxi
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516 Keyword Indexethanolamine 16 13
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518 Keyword IndexNi, activated 25 2
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520 Keyword Indexsuccinimido ketone
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