Crop yield response to water - Cra

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Petrie, P.R. & Sadras, V.O. 2008. Advancement of grapevine maturity in Australia between 1993 and 2006: putativecauses, magnitude of trends and viticultural consequences American Journal of Enology and Viticulture14: 33-45.Peyrot des Gachons, C., Van Leeuwen, C., Tominaga, T., Soyer, J.-P., Gaudillère, J.-P. & Dubourdieu, D. 2005. Influenceof water and nitrogen deficit on fruit ripening and aroma potential of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sauvignon blanc in fieldconditions. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 85: 73-85.Prichard, T.L. 2009. Winegrape irrigation scheduling using deficit irrigation techniques. (unpublished, ed).Reynolds, A.G., Lowrey, W.D. & De Savigny, C. 2005. Influence of Irrigation and Fertigation on Fruit Composition,Vine Performance, and Water Relations of Concord and Niagara Grapevines. American Journal of Enology andViticulture 56: 110-128.Roby, G., Harbertson, J.F., Adams, D.A. & Matthews, M.A. 2004. Berry size and vine water deficits as factors inwinegrape composition: Anthocyanins and tannins. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 10: 100-107.Rodriguez-Perez, J.R., Riano, D., Carlisle, E., Ustin, S. & Smart, D.R. 2007. Evaluation of hyperspectral reflectanceindexes to detect grapevine water status in vineyards. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture. 58: 302-317.Sadras, V.O. & McCarthy, M.G. 2007. Quantifying the dynamics of sugar concentration in berries of Vitis vinifera cv.Shiraz: a novel approach based on allometric analysis Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 13: 66-71.Sadras, V.O., Soar, C.J. & Petrie, P.R. 2007. Quantification of time trends in vintage scores and their variability formajor wine regions of Australia. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 13: 117-123.Sadras, V.O., Stevens, R.M., Pech, J.M., Taylor, E.J., Nicholas, P.R. & McCarthy, M.G. 2007. Quantifying phenotypicplasticity of berry traits using an allometric-type approach: A case study on anthocyanins and sugars in berries ofCabernet Sauvignon. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 13: 72-80.Sadras, V.O., Reynolds, M., De la Vega, A.J., Petrie, P.R. & Robinson, R. 2009. Phenotypic plasticity of phenology andyield in wheat, sunflower and grapevine. Field Crops Research 110: 242–250.Salón, J.L., Chirivella, C. & Castel, J.R. 2005. Response of cv. Bobal to timing of deficit irrigation in Requena, Spain:water relations, yield and wine quality. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 56: 1-8.Schneider, V. 1995. Evaluation of small amounts of flavonoid phenols in white wines by colorimetric assays. AmericanJournal of Enology and Viticulture 46: 274-277.Schultz, H.R. 2003. Differences in hydraulic architecture account for near-isohydric and anisohydric behaviour of twofield-grown Vitis vinifera L. cultivars during drought. 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Crop yieldresponse to waterFAOIRRIG
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1. IntroductionFood production and
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Lead AuthorsMartin Smith(formerly F
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3. Yield response to waterof herbac
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The WP parameter introduced in Aqua
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figure 7 The root zone depicted as
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threshold and 1.0 at the lower thre
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also calculated by multiplying with
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FIGURE 14 Schematic representation
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figure 17ClimateInput data defining
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Table 1 Conservative crop parameter
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figure 18 The Main AquaCrop menu.di
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Applications to Irrigation Manageme
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Box 1 Simulating deficit irrigation
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for each planting date. If there ar
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ox 2 (CONTINUED)FIGURE 1 Difference
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Heng, L.K., Hsiao,T.C., Evett, S.,
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Table 2Additional information and d
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capacity (FC) and permanent wilting
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densities. This range is referred t
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Table 3Comparison of simulated with
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In Equation 3 C a is the mean air C
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REFERENCESAllen, R., Pereira, L., R
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Lead AuthorSenthold Asseng(formerly
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Figure 1 World wheat harvested area
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When nutrition is limiting, yield p
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wheat 101
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Figure 1 World rice harvested area
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Response to StressesBecause rice ev
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Lead AuthorTheodore C. Hsiao(Univer
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emergence to flowering is about 65
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ReferencesAyers, R.S. & Westcot, D.
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Figure 1 World soybean harvested ar
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A number of studies indicate that s
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ReferencesBhatia, V.S., Piara Singh
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Figure 1 World barley harvested are
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Barley development may be thought o
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The seasonal water requirements for
Page 159 and 160:
Lead AuthorSuhas P. Wani(ICRISAT, A
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sowing usually starts in late Septe
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loss. If water stress is severe eno
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ReferencesFAO. 2011. FAOSTAT online
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Figure 1 World cotton harvested are
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Response to StressesCotton stands o
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FAO. 2011. FAOSTAT online database,
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spring. In double cropping, sowing
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size as affected by soil water defi
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sunflower 171
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to produce energy (electricity from
Page 193 and 194:
Response to stressLow temperatureSu
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Sugarcane 181
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Figure 1 World potato harvested are
Page 202 and 203:
initiation, vigorous canopy, profus
Page 204:
ReferencesBradshaw, J.E. 2009. A ge
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Tomato requires soils with proper w
Page 211 and 212:
and there is frequent wetting of ex
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is so excessive that fruit setting
Page 217 and 218:
Lead AuthorsMichele Rinaldi(CRA, Ba
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North Africa and near East ranges f
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Water use & ProductivitySugar beets
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ReferencesAllen, R.G., Pereira, L.S
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Figure 1 Alfalfa harvested area (SA
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Water use & ProductivityAs a perenn
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SalinityAlfalfa is tolerant to rela
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Lead AuthorAsha Karunaratne(formerl
Page 239 and 240:
Generally, the growing season begin
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FAO. 2011. FAOSTAT online database,
Page 244 and 245:
*Flower and grain colour presented
Page 246 and 247:
Figure 1 World quinoa harvested are
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with typical values around 10.5 g/m
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ReferencesAlvarez-Jubete, L., Arend
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Growth and developmentThe common me
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soils (EARO, 2002). Tef has some to
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tef 243
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Lead AuthorsElias Fereres(Universit
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equirements per unit land area for
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figure 6 The water balance of an or
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ox 2 Understanding the transpiratio
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Orchard transpirationTree Tr is det
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ox 4 Sample calculation of E dz , E
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ox 5 Computing olive tree transpira
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FIGURE 10 Crop coefficient (K c ) c
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For training systems on a vertical
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ox 7Consumptive and non-consumptive
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are seeking more precision in their
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ox 9 Examples of soil water monitor
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ox 10 (CONTINUED)The major limitati
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ox 12Definition of CWSI and an exam
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The water budget methodWith this me
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ox 15 Evolution of soil water under
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opening and photosynthesis relative
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that occur during the periods of fr
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The crop, where price can vary more
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Modify horticultural practicesPruni
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FIGURE 13Comparison of yield per un
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season. Thus the risks of salinity
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4.1 Fruit trees and vinesEditor:Eli
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Figure 1 Production trends for oliv
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Figure 2Occurrence and duration of
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The use of displacement sensors to
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Figure 4 Relationship between relat
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Table 3 Sample calculation of month
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clayey soils. If supply is very lim
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Lead AuthorDavid A. Goldhamer(forme
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Fruit growth during this stage is t
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Season-long stressSeveral studies h
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Table 1Published monthly crop coeff
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Four crop-water-production function
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size distribution toward more favou
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Lead AuthorSAmos Naor(GRI, Universi
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Apples tend to have a biennial bear
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water stress and thus highly respon
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indicate that deficit irrigation ad
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Figure 7Effect of midday light inte
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Figure 10Response of marketable fru
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Failla, O., Zocchi, Z., Treccani, C
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Figure 1 Production trends for plum
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soil water. In young orchards, post
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Figure 3 Relationships between rela
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ReferencesAllen, R.G., Pereira, L.S
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Figure 1 Production trends for almo
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FIGURE 2The three stages of almond
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Figure 3Differences in the cultivar
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Indicators of tree water statusTo p
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nuts are rapidly expanding and late
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ReferencesAyars, J.E., Johnson, R.
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Table 2 (Continued)Year TreatmentWa
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Table 3 (continued)Potential900 mmA
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Figure 1 Production trends for pear
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(Elkins et al., 2007). The appearan
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out in Spain under more common grow
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Figure 4Relationships between the p
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Data in Figure 5 suggest that there
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e saved, but this causes a reductio
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pear 389
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Figure 1 Production trends for peac
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Figure 2bEvolution of vegetative (s
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The postharvest period is important
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the midday stem-water potential in
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PHOTOPeach leaf appearance under th
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FIGURE 5Relation between the crop c
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In applying RDI strategies an impor
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peach 407
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Figure 1 Production trends of walnu
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1 100 mm, a team in California appl
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Figure 1 Production trends for pist
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There are two types of shoot growth
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FIGURE 3Time course development of
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Stage III was the most stress sensi
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(see Chapter 4), as in other specie
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Table 2 Suggested RDI strategies fo
Page 437 and 438: Lead AuthorSCristos Xiloyannis(Univ
Page 439 and 440: is completed within 20 days; therea
Page 441 and 442: or peach. However, because fruit is
Page 443 and 444: to a midday value varying between -
Page 446 and 447: Lead AuthorRaúl Ferreyraand Gabrie
Page 448 and 449: The most critical developmental per
Page 450 and 451: Figure 4Effects of the level of app
Page 453 and 454: Lead AuthorJordi Marsal(IRTA, Lleid
Page 455 and 456: water stress should not be imposed
Page 457 and 458: Under certain growing conditions, s
Page 459 and 460: ReferencesAntunez A., Stockle, C. &
Page 463 and 464: Lead AuthorSVictor O. Sadras(SARDI
Page 465 and 466: Current season inflorescences becom
Page 467 and 468: the actual timing of each critical
Page 469 and 470: environments, rainfall pulses and l
Page 471 and 472: Figure 6Yield reduction with increa
Page 473 and 474: Table 3Yield and yield components o
Page 475 and 476: Figure 9Wine quality score as a fun
Page 477 and 478: Figure 11Wine attributes of Tempran
Page 479 and 480: (McCarthy and Coombe, 1999), but ev
Page 481 and 482: Figure 15Relative yield as a functi
Page 484: Shiraz, Grenache and Mourvèdre in
Page 487: Girona, J., Mata, M., del Campo, J.
Page 492 and 493: Figure 1 Production trends for kiwi
Page 494 and 495: Figure 3Evolution of the LAI in A.
Page 496 and 497: Figure 7Schematic representation of
Page 498 and 499: water content is high enough to avo
Page 500 and 501: REFERENCESClearwater, M.J., Lowe, R
Page 502 and 503: attention to rough estimations or a
Page 504 and 505: FAO IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE PAPERS1
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