Annual Research Report 2011 - The UWA Institute of Agriculture ...

and aluminium tolerant crops was themost effective approach. For furtherinformation see (page 15) http://bit.ly/p4XSrDImproving nitrogen-useefficiency in wheatand barleyConsiderable variation has beenfound among genotypes of bothwheat and barley in their nitrogen-useefficiency. In a GRDC-funded threeyearproject W/Prof Zed Rengel andcolleagues have been assessing thisvariability in the quest to help breedcrops with improved nitrogen-useefficiency.The project focuses on identifyinglocations on chromosomesassociated with quantitative traitslinked to nitrogen-use efficiency. Bypinpointing quantitative traits loci(QTLs) and developing molecularmarkers, the project aims to developmolecular tools for plant breedersto help breed crops with improvednitrogen-use efficiency and toaccelerate the breeding process.Following the assessment in 2010of 119 genotypes and advancedbreeding lines of wheat, and of 129of barley in field and glasshousetrials, the team continued in 2011with extensive field testing, in orderto produce and evaluate resultsover a three-year period, as a basisfor identification of genotypes thatconsistently show high or low levelsof nitrogen-use efficiency acrossseasons and sites.The high and low efficiencygenotypes will be used to selectparent lines from which to producepopulations with molecular markers,which in turn lays the foundation forfurther research in this area.To date, findings (across all trialsites) on the genotypic response toNitrogen have shown that under lownitrogen conditions some genotypesof both wheat and barley lost nearlyhalf of their yield while others wereable to produce 40 per cent moreyield under low nitrogen compared tooptimal fertilisation.Integrating crops andlivestock productionPoor sandy soils and low/variablerainfall are two problems shared bymany farmers in Australia and Africa.Two projects – one from Africa andone from Western Australia- whichdemonstrated beneficial integration oflivestock and crop productions.Dr Dennis Garrity, former DirectorGeneral of the World AgroforestryCentre (ICRAF), presented ‘EvergreenAgriculture’, a faming system which israpidly expanding across the Africancontinent. Evergreen Agriculturemakes use of appropriate trees asfertilisers, by intercropping themin annual food crop and livestocksystems. It sustains a green coveron the land throughout the year,bolsters nutrient supply (throughnitrogen fixation and nutrient cycling),increases direct production of food,fodder, fuel, fibre and income (fromwood products), while at the sametime increasing resilience to climatevariability and climate change. Toview Dr Garrity’s presentation, visitwww.ioa.uwa.edu.au/publications/lectures/2011The second project focused on theintegration of (trees and) perennialshrubs as drought-hardy and carbonconscious grazing systems intoWestern Australian pastures. DrDean Revell, CSIRO demonstratedthe benefits of this approach atthe UWA Future Farm Field Day (cfalso page 11), namely better use ofsalinity affected grass. Dr Revell’spresentation can be accessed fromwww.ioa.uwa.edu.au/future-farmThe above studies assist in theprocess of selecting suitablesolutions in the inclusion of trees andperennial shrubs in the croppinglivestockproduction systems.Tropical cyclones’ key rolein healthy ecosystemsDr Gavan McGrath (SEE) and histeam assessed vegetation function inrelation to soil properties and climate,using data collected by two satellitesprobing the Earth’s gravity. The dataindicated a continent-wide droughtspanning the north-west to southeastof Australia during the past decade(2000-2011). This measured loss ofwater was strongly correlated witha decline in vegetation. A significantfactor contributing to the drought innorthwest Australia is the markedreduction in the number of tropicalcyclones, compared to the previousdecade, as the variation in vegetationstrongly correlated with the (multidecadal)variation in tropical cyclonefrequency. This suggests that theseextreme events may be essential forkeeping these ecosystems healthy.Reducing soilwater repellencyA decrease in water resources hasbeen a driving force for research toimprove water use efficiency, and tolimit the water used for irrigation.Under the Turf Research Project atUWA’s School of Plant Biology,W/Prof Tim Colmer and Assoc/ProfLouise Barton identified ways todecrease soil water repellency in turfgrass grown in sandy soils. Soil waterrepellency is a key factor for low wateruse efficiency, by causing irrigationwater to run off the soil surface or topenetrate the soil surface unevenly.Their field-based experimentsshowed that granular soilwetting agents can decrease thedevelopment of soil water repellencyin turfgrass where water for irrigationis limited. The effectiveness of thefour products tested was stronglyrelated to the total amount of activeingredient applied. Their researchalso showed soil water repellency tobe more severe in turfgrass with ahigh amount of organic matter.04 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Effects of grazingstubble on soilRecently there has been widespreadadoption of ‘No-till Cropping’in Western Australia, with morethan 80% of farmers using thisconservation farming method. Soilcover is one of the key componentsof a no-tillage system. A majorconstraint to full residue retention hasbeen livestock grazing that occursover the summer in the grain belt. Ajoint project on this aspect, betweenUWA, WANTFA and the Facey Group,was started in 2010 and continuesuntil 2013. The aim is to determine theeffect of grazing stubble over summeron the soil (e.g. compaction andinfiltration), the water balance andcrop growth and yields in a no-tillagecropping system. The project is partof the Grain and Graze 2 – WesternAustralia project, funded by GRDC,DAFF Caring for our Community.Long term effects of a highresidue no-tillage system2011 has been the fifth year in along-term research project betweenUWA, WANTFA, CSIRO andPlanfarm focused on crop rotationsand residues. The project tests thelong term effects of a high residueno-tillage system, including theoccasional use of cover crops, onsoil organic carbon levels, weeds,diseases, water use efficiency andyields. The project takes a systemsapproach and combines all the keyconservation agriculture principlesi.e. permanent soil cover, minimalsoil disturbance, crop rotations andcontrolled traffic. The trial, run at twosites, involves detailed soil analysesto determine if these high residuesystems can sequester soil carbonand improve water use efficiency andcrop productivity.Effects of cropmanagement on nitrousoxide emissions and on theconservation of soil waterClimate variability has alreadyimpacted on Western Australianbroad acre crop and animalproduction over the last 10 years, withsignificant rainfall deficiency in someyears. A joint DAFWA-UWA projectaims to demonstrate the effect ofcrop management (rotation/cropsequence and fallow) on emissionsof nitrous oxide and the conservationof soil water for subsequent wheatcrops. The project is funded byDAFF and GRDC and results sofar have shown that previous cropmanagement had no significant effecton nitrous oxide emissions in thefollowing wheat crop. Rather, theseemissions appeared to be impactedby the current crop management(seeding and fertilisation) and rainfall.Most soil water was conserved in thechemical fallow in the previous year,although by seeding time there wereno significant differences in amount ofsoil water at one of the two sites. Theweedy fallow and wheat had the leastsoil water at seeding of the followingwheat crop.The UWA Institute of Agriculture | 05

2.Plant ProductionSystems ProgramThe Plant Production SystemsProgram endeavours to contributeto productivity and sustainability ofplant-based Australian agriculturethrough the application of scienceand technology. Australian agricultureincludes extensive agriculture, withlarge land areas and 300–600 mmwinter rainfall, devoted to rain-fedannual temperate crops, pasturesand livestock; and more intensiveagriculture in areas of high rainfalland/or irrigation with crops (cotton,vines, orchards, vegetables, flowersetc), perennial pastures/livestockand other higher value agriculturalproducts.06 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Herbicideresistance researchResearch into herbicide resistance atIOA is carried out under the umbrellaof UWA based Australian HerbicideResistance Initiative (AHRI) withmajor GRDC funding to underpina wide range of research activitiesfrom the molecular study of herbicideresistance through to appliedresearch for weed management.AHRI works closely with DAFWA,DEEDI and the University ofMelbourne to understand the impactof herbicide resistance and facilitatea national approach to resistancemanagement across Australia.In 2011, the AHRI Harvest WeedSeed Management team ran halfday workshops in Victoria andsouthern NSW to communicate theinformation that had previously beenworkshopped with Western Australianfarmers. The team, led by Assoc/Prof Michael Walsh (AHRI) engagedseveral ‘champion’ WA farmers toaddress the importance of harvestweed seed management and how tosuccessfully implement a chaff cart,windrow burning, baling and harvestweed seed destruction system.With assistance from Dr PeterNewman (DAFWA) – the team alsocovered how to optimise weed seedmanagement systems and discussedthe successful use of weed seedtargeting systems in an integratedweed management program. Darkanfarmer and inventor of the HarringtonSeed Destructor (HSD), Mr RayHarrington, spoke about the HSD,a unique seed destruction systemthat has helped him to achievelower weed levels across his farm.Corrigin grower, Mr Lance Turner,discussed the benefits of using achaff cart and how this has enabledhim to drive down weed numbersin his farming operation. Mullewagrower, Rod Messina, discussed theadvantages of windrow burning andthe techniques he uses to maximiseweed seed management.The Harrington Seed Destructorharvest research and demonstrationtrials continued through SouthAustralia and Victoria to evaluatethe efficacy of the HSD system incomparison with chaff carts andwindrow burning systems. Theworking of the HSD system wasdemonstrated to the local farmingcommunity at each site.In the Northern region of Australia,seed collection surveys wereconducted prior to the maturityof winter (Oct-Nov) and summer(Jan-Feb) crops. The focus of eachsurvey was to identify the speciesthat potentially can be targeted by theHSD at harvest.Samples from a large WA crop weedsurvey undertaken in 2010 by SeniorResearcher, Ms Mechelle Owen havebeen grown, harvested and resultsquantified to establish the frequencyand distribution of herbicideresistance in major weed species,as well as the glyphosate resistancestatus in WA.Joint CSIRO-UWA PlantMolecular and CropGenomics LaboratoryA joint new CSIRO-UWA cropgenomics laboratory opened on4 May 2011, reflecting the closecollaboration and longstandingpartnership between CSIRO PlantIndustry and The UWA Institute ofAgriculture. The laboratory provides astate-of the-art agricultural researchfacility for molecular plant pathologyand genomic research (see alsoCanola Breeders packing a punch,page 8).Three of the scientists are jointlyappointed by CSIRO and UWA,including team leader W/Prof KaramSingh, and the group combinesexpertise in the expression of generegulation, plant genetics, genomics,molecular biology, microbiology andbio-informatics.One key research focus is on thepre-breeding of legumes, whichenrich the soil (by fixing nitrogen), actas disease breaks and provide keysources of protein both for animalsand humans. In addition, with fundingsupport from GRDC, the team hasbegun to sequence the narrow-leaflupin genome which represents thefirst major plant genome sequencingproject to be led from Australia. Thisproject allows the team to translatetheir expertise in legumes to examinethe lupin grain and its potentialbenefits for human health and theyhave already identified lupin geneswhich may help reduce the risk ofobesity and diabetes in humans.The lupin genome project is set togenerate a host of new researchand breeding opportunities acrossdisciplines and represents anexcellent example of the far-reachingsignificance of research (initially)driven by agriculture: the team iscollaborating closely with the Centrefor Food and Genomic Medicine inpartnership with leading medical,food and plant/agricultural scientists.For further details see (page 10)http://bit.ly/HPowMr and (page 7)http://bit.ly/p4XSrDClimate ready wheatAnother joint IOA-CSIRO researchcollaboration aims to bring on newadapted wheat varieties to maintain(or improve) high wheat yieldschanging climatic conditions.IOA Director, W/Prof KadambotSiddique, Dr Helen Bramley (IOA) andAdj/Assoc/ Prof Jairo Palta (CSIROand UWA), are assessing the impactof the interaction between elevatedcarbon dioxide, high temperatureand terminal drought on high-yieldingtraits of wheat. It is the first projectthat assesses the combined effectsof these (simultaneously occurring)climatic changes, and evaluating howwheat crops respond helps quantifythe impact of climate change andidentify possible improvements.The UWA Institute of Agriculture | 07

Another component focuses onidentifying wheat genotypes withefficient root to shoot signallingpatterns associated with response towater stress.The project aims to generate thefollowing outputs:ÌÌWheat lines/varieties identifiedwith greater yield and grain qualityunder the predicted future climateÌÌA new method to directly monitorleaf hydration that will assistwheat pre-breeding scientists andbreeders select drought and hightemperature tolerant germplasmÌ Ì The molecular basis for changesin water use under climate changeidentified and this information tobe used to develop molecularmarkersÌ Ì New information about hydraulicmechanisms affected by waterdeficit and high temperature underclimate change, in particularmechanisms related to graindevelopment, stomatal responseand plant hormone signallingÌ Ì Root architecture and function asa trait to produce improved yieldunder terminal droughtÌ Ì Publication of results in highimpact, international agriculturaland plant science journalsÌ Ì Training of PhD students in wheatphysiology, genetics and climatechange adaptationFor further information visit:http://bit.ly/J3mv0uCanola Breeders –packing a punch innational canola breedingCanola Breeders (CB), a nationalcanola breeding company withtechnical operations based atUWA, turned 10 years old in 2011.CB celebrated this milestone byregistering one of the highest yieldingHT® (Hybrid Triazine) varieties inAustralia, “CB Henty HT®” addingto an already impressive portfolio ofvarieties for Australian growers.CB breeding operations occur inlaboratories in the UWA Crawleycampus, and glasshouse and fieldsites at UWA Shenton Park fieldstation. Microspore culture anddoubled haploidy has improved overthe years in the genetics laboratoryat UWA, and CB’s experiencedtechnical staff have contributed toresearch publications on improvedtechnology such as flow cytometry(Takahira et al. 2011). This hasimproved CB’s work and alsoassociated research on legumedoubled haploidy and tissue cultureat UWA.CB and UWA continue to findsynergies in research in precompetitiveareas which hasestablished UWA as prominentnational and international Brassicaresearcher. W/Prof Wallace Cowling,Research Director of CanolaBreeders and IOA staff membercontinues to receive internationalinvitations to speak at conferences,most recently on ’populationbreeding’ at the Canadian CanolaIndustry Meetings in Saskatoon inearly December 2011. Prof Cowling’stalk was based on recent work withnational biometricians on developinggenetic (pedigree) and genomicselection in plant breeding – suchmethods are inspired by CB’sinnovative breeding methods, andare now attracting both national andinternational interestIn 2011 CB made four new staffappointments to add to their businessincluding Dr David Tabah fromSpain and Dr Susan Knights fromVictoria. These staff will not only bea significant gain to the company butthe two mentioned are fortunate tohave Adjunct status within IOA.CB’s achievements reflect thesuccessful partnership between itsmembers: The University of WesternAustralia, the Council of GrainGrowers Organisations (COGGO),GRDC and NPZ, Europe’s mostsuccessful hybrid Canola breedingcompany.CB’s strong international connectionswith canola breeding companiesin Canada and Europe, whichhelp ensure that it remains at theforefront of canola breeding and seedproduction. Annual meetings in thefield in Chile, Canada and Germanyhelp to promote successful outcomesfor the long term of canola breedingand for CB.UWA and its Institute of Agricultureremains committed to thispartnership as it delivers superiorCanola varieties to Australian farmersand advances plant breeding andgenetics research and teachingat UWA.For further details see (page 13)bit.ly/p4XSrDLarge-scaleproduction of superiorseed in Timor-LesteA long-term agricultural developmentprogram, Seeds of Life (SoL),continues to build Timor-Leste’scapacity to feed itself and liftsubsistence farmers out of poverty,through production increases inTimor Leste’s staple food crops.In February 2011 SoL entered itsthird phase, supported by AusAID,ACIAR and the Timor-Leste Ministryof Agriculture and Fisheries (MAF),with a $27.5 million grant over thenext five years, to ensure continuousand widespread access to seeds ofhigh-yielding crop varieties by morethan 10,000 farmers by the end of thefive-year period.Led by CLIMA SoL III focuses on theIntegration of seed production into(low-cost) informal local communityseed production groups, in order togenerate high quantities of superiorseed at low cost and hence widespreaduse by local farmers.08 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Seeds of Life began in 2001 todevelop a sustainable national seedsystem, and SoLIII builds on themilestones achieved in Seeds ofLife’s first 10 years, including thedevelopment and initial strategicdistribution of new crop varieties,and significant food productivityimprovements. For further details visithttp://bit.ly/IWoJuI and http://bit.ly/HJu8ULnew apple varieties with even greaterhealth benefits.For further details see (page 8)http://bit.ly/HJu8ULThe program is set to become along-term success also due tocomplementary capacity building ineducation: UWA’s first PhD graduatefrom Timor-Leste, Dr Macal Gusmao,completed a doctorate in agriculturalscience in 2011 and has returned tothe National University of Timor-Lesteto continue working on improvingcrop yields and training agriculturalscience graduates for his country. Forfurther information visit (pages 3 and11) and http://bit.ly/HJu8UL andhttp://bit.ly/I2l941Breeding apples withincreased health benefitsResearch Professor JonathanHodgson (School of Medicineand Pharmacology, UWA) and hiscolleague, Assistant ProfessorMichael Considine (School ofPlant Biology, UWA and DAFWA),collaborated in a three-year researchproject, funded by ARC, UWA andDAFWA, to assess the effects offlavonoid-rich apples.Measuring the health effects ofdifferent apple varieties on healthymen and women, they foundthat apples high in anti-oxidants(flavonoids) improve blood vesselrelaxation, thereby reducing the riskof developing high blood pressureand heart disease.As this research confirms thatapples can contribute to a directand measurable effect on humanhealth, it provides the foundation fora long-term investment in researchand development towards developingThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 09

3.Animal ProductionSystems ProgramThe Animal Production SystemsProgram endeavours to developclean, green and ethical systems forimproved animal production. Thisconcept underpins all the researchassociated with this program, be itas project leader or research partner.Similarly, the ‘clean, green andethical’ motto is firmly embedded inthe teaching of both undergraduateand postgraduate degree programsin Animal Science and AnimalProduction at UWA.10 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Demonstration projectsfor on-farm methanemanagement strategiesThe UWA Future Farm represents akey site for on-farm measurementsand field research.Located near Pingelly, it is one of fourdemonstration sites in the (national)Reducing Emissions from LivestockResearch Program (RELRP), jointlyfunded by DAFF and MLA. There arecurrently four projects that RELRP isdemonstrating at the farm:Ì Ì Breeding sheep that produce lessmethane and understanding thebiology behind it;Ì Ì Investigating whether grazingsheep on Australian nativeshrubs can reduce their methaneproduction;Ì Ì Benchmarking methaneproduction at the UWA FutureFarm through a collaboration withresearchers from DAFWA and theUniversity of Wollongong;ÌÌModelling the whole-farm carbonemissions of the UWA Future farmusing an adapted MIDAS model.This has helped identify areas toreduce carbon emissions whilealso maintaining or increasingprofits (see also, below ‘Wholefarmcarbon emissions Field Day’).Other linked projects at thedemonstration site include:Ì Ì Drought-hardy, carbon-consciousgrazing systems (DAFF/FFI) (seebelow and page 7);Ì Ì National adaptation and mitigationinitiative (DAFF/GRDC);ÌÌResilient sheep and maternalefficiency – adaptation to climatechange (DAFWA);Ì Ì Local carbon neutral initiative(Men of the Trees/UWA);Ì Ì Climate change and herbicideresistance in ryegrass (AHRI);Ì Ì Integrated Pest Management(IPM) in Australian grains (IPMSgroup, UWA).Whole-farm carbonemissions Field DayA ‘Whole-farm carbon emissions’Field Day was held on October 18,2011 at the UWA Future Farm, toshowcase the above projects and theoptions available to farmers to lowergreenhouse gas emissions whilemaintaining or increasing productivity.The event attracted 150 peopleand included presentations andpractical demonstrations of on-fieldmeasurements.Presentations can be accessedvia www.ioa.uwa.edu.au/futurefarm,including the talk by NSWfarmer Mr David Cattanach, the firstfarmer to audit carbon emissions ona whole-farm scale, who used themeasurement data to identify andimprove areas of inefficiency on hisfarm.IOA Animal ProductionSystem programteam up with CSIROLivestock IndustriesThe strong relationship betweenCSIRO and UWA (see also page 7)received a further boost in August2011, when the UWA group whofocus on teaching and research forthe animal industries migrated fromthe main campus in (AgricultureNorth Wing) to Floreat Park. Therethey have joined forces with CSIROLivestock Industries to form a newalliance around the concept of‘Versatile Livestock Systems’. Thefact that the entire UWA group,including all academic, researchand professional staff, and thefull complement of PhD students(more than 20) have relocated is anindication that is not a ‘virtual centre’but is rather a full commitment onthe part of both UWA and CSIRO.The laboratories are shared, theoffices are intermingled along thecorridors, and joint programs inresearch, teaching and postgraduatesupervision are being developed.The move was a response to thestrong case for scientific progressarising from the alliance and to thelong-term strategic needs for theanimal science discipline in bothorganisations. The benefits of theclose alliance and co-location withCSIRO are deemed to outweigh thelogistical issues associated with beingremoved from the main campus withits undergraduate students and otherdisciplines in animal biology andagriculture.Stress-freestockmanship workshopPhysical, physiological and mentalstress impairs animal welfareand their performance and isfrequently caused by human-animalinteractions. A two-day ‘stress-freestockmanship workshop’ was held atthe UWA Future Farm in early 2011 toimprove stockhandling skills.The workshop was conducted byMr Bruce Maynard, a stress freestockhandling trainer from NSW whoimparted theories, principles andpractical exercises to members of theRSPCA and UWA’s School of Biology.The techniques mastered andknowledge gained will help improveanimal welfare and performance, aswell as reduce the risk of injury tothemselves or their handlers.Best practice forwaste managementand biogas captureThe pork industry has been seekingmore sustainable waste treatmentsystems and methane mitigationtechnologies for effluent ponds,to reduce their undesirable effectsincluding greenhouse gas and odouremissions.IOA’s Dr Sasha Jenkins andcolleagues from DAFWA and WAPPAidentified simple and affordablemanagement practices that fit thebill. One simple and affordablemanagement practice is coveringeffluent ponds with geosyntheticThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 11

materials to create a coveredanaerobic pond (CAP) digester thatboth treats the waste and capturesthe biogas (methane and carbondioxide) and has the potential tomitigate greenhouse gas emissions,provide renewable energy andimprove community amenity viaodour control.In CAPs, biogas accumulates underthe cover and is gradually removedand used either directly as a fuel orconverted to electricity via a motorgenerator.This APL-funded collaborativeproject focused on gaining a betterunderstanding of the microbialprocesses involved in the degradationof waste inside the CAP. Dr Jenkinsand her colleagues demonstratedthe feasibility of biogas capturetechnologies through developingmonitoring tools for assessing pondhealth and through enhancingthe quality of the biogas and soilimprovers, by manipulating themicrobial activities through bestmanagement practices.These findings are also highly relevantto other industry sectors whereeffluent waste treatment is an issue:Dairy Australia, Meat and LivestockAustralia (MLA) and the abattoirand meat processing sector are allinterested in methane mitigationtechnologies and marketability ofby-products.Animal welfareIn early 2011, UWA’s School of AnimalBiology hosted a visiting PhD studentfrom Spain, Ms Deborah Temple,who was undertaking a PhD on pigwelfare assessment. Her researchformed part of a European broaderproject aimed at developing ascientifically based system to assesspig welfare in commercial farms andslaughterhouses. Welfare evaluationfocused on the principles of goodfeeding, good housing, good healthand appropriate behaviour and reliedlargely on animal-based measures.Later in the year, visiting scientistDr Elize van Lier (University ofMontevideo, Uruguay) worked withAssoc/Prof Dominique Blache(UWA School of Animal Biology) andAsst /Prof Joanne Sneddon (UWABusiness School) to develop a tool toguide the ethical decision making ofstakeholders in the meat supply chainand take into consideration a widerange of ethical issues to improveethical standards.This represented a significant stepforward, as traditionally efforts toimprove ethical standards in a foodchain have focused only on onlya few issues.This research can be translated toUruguayan conditions and furtherstrengthens the collaborationbetween the two universities whichcommenced in 2009 with a joint‘Workshop on Clean, Green andEthical Animal Production’ held inUruguay. (See also IOA NewsletterNo 14, August 2011).UWA’s School of Animal Biology andSchool of Business also joined forcesin another Animal Welfare project:Together with visiting scientist Dr.Maria José Hötzel (UniversidadeFederal de Santa Catarina, Brazil)they investigated the mechanisminvolved in the adoption of strategiesaimed at improving the welfare ofdairy cattle. The project employedmarketing techniques and socialpsychologymethodology.Strengtheningcollaboration withGhana UniversityUWA continues to strengthen itsongoing collaboration with theUniversity of Ghana, formalised in aMoU between the universities.Dr Frederick Obese, a visitingScientist (supported by WA CrawfordFund) from the Department of AnimalScience spent six weeks at UWA’sSchool of Animal Biology, workingwith W/Prof Graeme Martin and histeam to increase his knowledge onthe measurement of hormones andmetabolites and their role in energyhomeostasis and reproduction incattle.International internshipsIn 2011, the Animal ProductionSystem Program attracted againyoung visiting researchers fromacross the world: Two researchstudents from Iran, Mr MortezaHossieni Ghaffari and Mr JahaniAzizabadi Hossain and two othersfrom France, Ms Edith Herbout andMs Justine Aubril, each spent asix- month internship at the Schoolof Animal Biology, working withAssoc/Prof Zoey Durmic and herteam at the Rumen MicrobiologyGroup, UWA-CSIRO Floreat, tounderstand the mechanism behindthe antimethanogenic bioactivity ofAustralian shrubs (see also page 9http://bit.ly/HJu8UL)AAABG 19thConference at UWAIn July 2011, animal breeders andgeneticists, industry representativesand guest speakers from around theworld attended the 19th Associatedfor the Advancement of AnimalBreeding and Genetics (AAABG)Conference held at UWA. Thethree-day event featured 100 oraland poster presentations on a widerange of topics, including animalbreeding and selection, breedingobjectives, statistical genetics,genetic parameters, gene expression,genomics and biotechnology.The conference concluded with aBreeders’ Day which focused onshowcasing the genetic changesthat have taken place in farm animalspecies during the past decade.12 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Global Consortiumof Higher Educationand Research forAgriculture ConferenceIn June 2011, Assoc/Prof DominiqueBlache delivered a presentationon the UWA Future Farm projects(see also page 11) at the 7th WorldConference of the Global Consortiumof Higher Education and Research forAgriculture (GCHERA), in Beauvais,France. (see also IOA Newsletter No15, December 2011). 200 academics,researchers and administrators frommore than 150 universities discussedand reflected upon their successesand difficulties in agriculturaleducation. The conference alsopresented an excellent opportunityfor Assoc/Prof Blache to lobbytowards bringing the conference toPerth in 2015.The UWA Institute of Agriculture | 13

4.Rural Economy, Policyand DevelopmentProgramThe Rural Economy, Policy andDevelopment Program aims toenhance the sustainability of ruralindustries, communities and regions.This is achieved through innovativeeducation and research with a focuson: improving rural productivityand prosperity; addressingtheir environmental challenges;contributing to their broadereconomic and social development;and enhancing rural policy andplanning processes.14 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Industry ForumThe 2011 IOA Industry Forum onthe deregulation of Australia’s wheatindustry highlighted the significantimpacts of rural policies across theindustry in Australia. Held on 22 July2011 it attracted a large audienceand generated a high level of mediacoverage.Five speakers representing keystakeholder groups put forth differentperspectives on the impacts,challenges and opportunities thathave arisen since the deregulation ofthe Australian Wheat industry in 2007.Keynote Speaker Mr Ron Storey, exAWB Manager, and now a respectedcrop forecaster and chair of a leadingplant breeding company, describedderegulation as having been positiveoverall, with Australian wheat growersproving themselves to be savvysellers in a price volatile market.At the same time he acknowledgedthat the segmented market has beenunable to provide national growerrepresentation.Mr Bryce Banfield, representingbulk handler, CBH, argued thatderegulation had allowed growersto network with CBH and had alsoallowed differentiation for WA grain.In his view, grain pools still havea place in the next 5-10 years,but agreed there was a need forincreased pool transparency.Mr Nathan Cattle represented MarketAg, an independent commoditymarket and price risk managementadvisory company and suggested,that price volatility was not a directfunction of deregulation. To manageprice risk effectively, he advisedgrowers to determine the risks,identify the most sustainableproducts, obtain good marketinformation and question providershow their service/product wouldbenefit them.Mr John Orr of Premium GrainHandlers, provided a WA graintrader’s perspective and welcomedthe increase in container trade postderegulationand acknowledged thatthis was stretching his company’sresources and facilities.A farmer’s perspective was providedby Mr Rod Birch, welcomed thefreedom of choice enjoyed bygrowers since deregulation in dealingwith competing grain traders. Hewas concerned however about theloss of ‘Industry good functions’ andtheir effective promotion (prior toderegulation).The full presentations can beaccessed at www.ioa.uwa.edu.au/publications/industry-forumInnovative teaching andlearning: Simulation gamesto facilitate learning aboutagricultural marketingThe teaching of agricultural marketingtook a big step forward in 2011with the help of a UWA ImprovingStudents Learning Grant. The $600grant was used to buy a simulationmodel (the Purdue AgribusinessManagement Simulation) which wasincorporated in teaching AgriculturalEconomics and Marketing.The aim of this project was toenhance the knowledge and skills ofstudents in understanding how thereal-life agricultural markets operateand how they can apply economicprinciples and analytical tools tomake decisions in this dynamiccompetitive environment.Best practice forsustainable co-operativesCo-operatives in Australiagenerate more than $14.5 billion inturnover per year but has receivedminimal attention in the pastfrom researchers, policy makers,legislators and the public. Thanksto an ARC-Linkage grant under theMay 2010 round of the InnovationAustralia Linkage Projects scheme,a team of scientists from the UWABusiness School, IOA and fromindustry partners (Co-operative WA,CBH Group and Capricorn Limited)are engaged in a three-year projectto review best practice co-operativebusiness models from Australia andaround the world. The team hascollated field data of national casestudies, conducted focus groups,member surveys and internationalcase study analysis to examine themeasurement of member value,identify best practice examples ofcorporate governance, options forraising external capital, and thereasons why co-operatives seekdemutualisation.Based on their findings the teamwill make recommendations abouthow co-operatives can improve theirsustainability through implementingsuch best practice; the final year ofthe project will focus on the publicrelease of reports, publication ofscholarly works and the developmentof teaching and executive materialsand coursework.Research studentsTwo graduate students joinedthe Program this year: Mr ManojMudalinge has commenced hisPhD research which focuses on theeconomics of rice production in Sri-Lanka. Mr Zhibo Guo is working onhis PhD proposal on the price andrevenue risk management strategiesfor Western Australian farmers.Honours student Miss FionaYoung was awarded the Sir EricSmart Scholarship for AgriculturalResearch, for her project ‘Assessingthe economics of simultaneouslysowing a hard-seeded annual legumepasture under a cereal or oilseedcrop’.For further details visit www.news.uwa.edu.au/ioa/young-sowingseed-twinThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 15

Exploring the limits ofclimate change adaptationIn June, Program Leader AssistantProfessor Amin Mugera, and anhonours student, Mr Steven Kolikow,attended a workshop hosted by the‘World University Networks: Limits toAdaptation group’ which comprisesscientists from (universities in)Australia, USA and South Africa. Theaim of the workshop was to organisea collaborative and targeted researchgroup which explores limits to climatechange adaptation in Australia andSouth Africa.Mr Steven Kolikow’s honours project‘An Interdisciplinary Frameworkof Limits and Barriers to ClimateChange Adaptation in Agriculture’was completed with funding throughthis group and the findings will bepresented at the forthcoming 19thannual conference of the EuropeAssociation of Environmental andResource Economists in June 2012.In a collaborative project with FutureFarm Industries CRC researchersat UWA’s Centre for EnvironmentalEconomics and Policy have beeninvestigating farm-level economicsof new perennial pasture speciesand new farming systems for climatechange and salinity mitigation oradaptation. Team member and PhDstudent Donkor Addai has focusedin particular on the economicsof technological innovation foradaptation to climate change bybroadacre farmers in WesternAustralia.Rural Policies overseasProgram Leader Asst/Prof AminMugera presented conference papersrelated to productivity growth in Africaat the Annual Australia Agricultural& Resources Economics SocietyNational Conference, Melbourne,Victoria, (8-11 February 2011) and atthe Western Economic Association’sInternational 86th Annual Conference,San Diego, California (29 June – 3July 2011). In addition, he presenteda paper on measuring technicalefficiencies (in dairy farms) withimprecise data at Agriculture &Applied Economics Association’s2011 AAEA & NAREA Joint AnnualMeeting, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, July24-26, 2011.Self-help farmer groupsin Australia and IndiaThe trend for farmers to form, joinor tap into self-help grower groupshas been on the increase, both inAustralia and overseas. As a result,such farmer initiatives have thepotential to become a significantforce in shaping rural community andagricultural development.Australia:PhD student Miss Beena Anil Biswashas been investigating the impactand effectiveness of grower groupsin Western Australia and their role aslearning communities, in particularthe extent to which WA growergroups promote interactive learningbetween farmers and industrystakeholders. This question is ofcritical importance, since industrystakeholders and farmer groupsare jointly involved (engaged) ingenerating and disseminatinginformation.Her project generates informationwhich will assist grower groups inmaking informed decisions abouttheir future focus, direction andactivities, and enable them todevelop appropriate policies andeffective targeting of activities.The knowledge gained about thepartnerships between researchersand WA grower groups highlights theinherent opportunities and challengesand serves as a useful guide for jointdevelopment of proposals to meetindustry challenges.IndiaVisiting Professor Rajinder Kalra,from Punjab Agricultural University,Ludhiana (India) undertook researchon how to make best use of farminggroups in India. Working withW/Prof Kadambot Siddique andProf Matthew Tonts she focusedon identifying strategies that canhelp boost agricultural productivity,profitability and sustainability forself-help farmer groups in India.During her six month EndeavourResearch Fellowship, Prof Kalraexamined two types of farmerinitiatives: large initiatives operatingat state level and focused mainlyon economic development; andsmaller self-help groups operatingat local level with a focus on socialdevelopment through strategiessuch as value-adding and homeprocessing.The results highlight keycharacteristics of successfulgroups and also determine boththe facilitating and hinderingfactors which influence (effective)group functioning. This informationrepresents a big step forward inexploring how farmer groups can playan even greater part in modern India’sdevelopment.This research is particularly relevantas historically extension programswere designed and handed downfrom the top, and the Indiangovernment’s shift to a participatoryapproach only occurred in the 1990’s.As more than 80% of farmers in Indiaown less than one hectare of land,the effectiveness of small self-helpfarming initiatives is equally importantto the nation’s well-being as the largefarming initiatives.Food security inPakistan and IndiaPakistanFood security is a global challengeaffecting developing countrieshardest, as this is where 90%of undernourished people live.Malfunctioning policies and unjustinstitutional machinery are powerfulfactors contributing to food insecurityin developing countries and PhDstudent Mr Khalid Bashir (from16 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

University of Agriculture Faisalabad)has examined how food securitypolicies can be improved to bringabout greater food security in hisnative Pakistan, where almost aquarter of all households are foodinsecure, even though at nationallevel, the country is food secure.Mr Bashir’s research is focused onshort-term food security policiesand addresses the core issue ofinvolvement of multiple policies aswell as the implementing bodies.This approach represents a newdirection for research in the area offood security policy evaluation, whichtraditionally has been confined to theassessment of the impact of a singlepolicy.help the scientists to develop detailedfood security assessments for thesurveyed communities over time,focusing on three key factors: access,availability and utilisation of food.For further information visit (page 12)of the IOA March newsletter http://bit.ly/HPowMrWith its focus on the non-structuralfood security policies, this studyprovides researchers with a newhorizon to explore, especiallythe inclusion of the intermediaryinstitutions which can distortintervention outcomes of bothstructural and non-structural policies.Mr Bashir presented his (preliminary)findings at the 2011 PostgraduateShowcase (see also page 19).IndiaA collaborative ARC DiscoveryProject provides insights on foodsecurity from rural India. A teamof scientists from UWA’s BusinessSchool, University of Sydney, GriffinUniversity and India’s Tata Institute ofSocial Sciences interviewed 800 ruralhouseholds in India to investigate howsome vulnerable sectors of India’srural population are dealing with theincrease in food prices with the aimto identify appropriate policy reformsand interventions to improve foodsecurity.The collated data providedetailed information on a rangeof characteristics: demographic,economic, labour market andeducational profiles of all householdmembers. Analysis of the data willThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 17

5.Education, Outreachand TechnologyExchange ProgramThe Education, Outreach andTechnology Exchange Programaims to lift the profile of agricultureand resource management (in thewider community) and to optimisethe achievements made across theInstitute’s programs. Aided by accessto world-class teachers, researchersand facilities, the program fostersindustry contacts, strengthenslinks with rural communities,promotes research partnerships andcoordinates postgraduate teachingand training programs at UWA aswell as research and agribusinessactivities at the university.18 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Postgraduate ShowcaseEach year, IOA invites some of UWA’stop postgraduate students in anagriculture-related field to presenttheir research to an audience offarmers, academics, scientists aswell as industry and governmentrepresentatives.In the Postgraduate Showcase‘Frontiers in Agriculture 2011’ sevenstudents from the Faculty of Naturaland Agricultural; Sciences, andtwo from the Faculty of Medicine,Dentistry and Health Sciencespresented their PhD projects. Theirpresentations can be viewed atwww.ioa.uwa.edu.au/publications/showcaseÌÌSession 1 Chair: Mr Neil Young(Farmer and member of the UWAInstitute of Agriculture’s ExternalAdvisory Board)ÌÌSession 2 Chair: Dr StephenLoss (CSBP Laboratory ServicesSupervisor and (member of theUWA Institute of Agriculture’sExternal Advisory Board, CSBPLaboratory Services Supervisor)Table 1: Postgraduate Showcase‘Frontiers in Agriculture’ 2011Session 1:School of Animal BiologyMs ChelseaFancoteMs Jo ElliottSaltbush: a naturalsource of Vitamin E thatcan improve animalhealth and meat colourFactors influencing theadoption of lamb survivalstrategies by Australiansheep producersSchool of Earth and EnvironmentMs Noraini MdJaafarSchool of Plant BiologyMariana CruzCamposMr Kevin FosterBiochar use inagriculture, with anemphasis on soil biologyLiving in poor soils: howplants cope with littlephosphorusMechanisms of droughttolerance of albo tedera(Bituminaria bituminosavar albomarginata)Session 2:School of Plant BiologyMs JessieMoniodisImproving plantationmanagement andconversation of WASandalwood (Santalumspicatum)School of Medicine and PharmacologyMs CatherineBondonnoMs AidillaMubarakHeart health benefits ofapplesPlum polyphenolcomposition in relationto total antioxidantcapacitySchool of Agriculturaland Resource EconomicsMr Khalid Bashir Hunger: a problem onthe rise in Pakistan –why?Dowerin Field DaysIOA joined DAFWA in the ‘Futures inAgriculture’ display at the DowerinField Days in August 2011.Over the course of the two-day event,the Institute promoted its cuttingedgeresearch, UWA’s agriculturerelatedcourses and the UWA FutureFarm (see also page 11) to fieldday visitors who included farmers,industry representatives and also highschool students. Aided by an arrayof displays and presentations UWAscientists engaged with visitors andillustrated how their research canbenefit farmers involved in animalproduction (reducing methaneemissions); soil management (soilcarbon) and new crop varieties (saltanddrought-tolerant plants).UWA’s commitment to innovativeand sustainable agriculture washighlighted further through itspromotion/display about the ‘green,clean and ethical’ UWA Future Farm.There was considerable interestboth from farmers and industriesin the newly developed salt- andwaterlogging-tolerant annual pasturelegume ‘Messina’ and in the salttolerantchickpea and new lupinspecies.Amongst the interactive displays wasa competition for school studentsto spot and name microscopicbugs in the soil enlarged under themicroscope. The 12 year old winnerclaimed his prize and spent a dayat UWA’s Centre for Integrative BeeResearch (CIBER). CLIMA ran apopular seed-identification quiz andprospective students were keen toquiz current Agricultural Sciencestudents about 2012 courses offeredat UWA.Further details are reported in the IOANews (December edition, page 7 )http://bit.ly/HJu8ULIOA News fulfil multiplefunctionsThe UWA Institute of Agriculturepromotes its activities, research,(innovations) and collaborationsas well as the achievements ofits students and staff to alumni,agribusiness, growers and industry,funding bodies, research institutions,and UWA staff.The quarterly IOA News publicationrepresents a key tool for cementingand maintaining the Institute’s strongconnection with and between thesegroups. Over the course of theyear, the target alumni groups werereviewed and extended to reflect therelevance of agriculture to a widerange of disciplines. The IOA Newspublication is circulated widely inelectronic format (3000) and as aprinted magazine (2700).In addition to feature articles, the IOANews provided a comprehensive listof new publications, visitors, newresearch projects and in doing so,serves as a valuable reference tooland snapshot of developments inagriculture and related areas at UWA.The IOA News was published inMarch, August and December 2011.The UWA Institute of Agriculture | 19

Media statementsand publicationsThe UWA Institute of Agriculturecemented its media presenceduring 2011. The Institute, withthe support from Brendon Cantand Associates, issued 32 mediastatements during the year, which inturn, generated a substantial numberof follow-up articles in mainstreamnewspapers and farming magazines;it also generated a number of radiointerviews with key protagonists.WebsiteThe IOA website is packed withvital information. It is the first portof call for information on UWAagriculture-related activities. Thewebsite is updated regularly, holdingcurrent and archived information.The archived lecture papers andpresentations, and news receive mosthits by internet users.In late 2011, the Institute re-positionedand extended the UWA FutureFarm webpage www.ioa.uwa.edu.au/future-farm to feature moreprominently in order to promote theUWA Future Farm Field Day moreeffectively.Public LecturesThere were eight public lecturesand one occasional lecture (Table 3)delivered under the banner of IOA‘Food and Agriculture’ attractingaudiences of between 30 to 90people.Table 2: IOA 2011 Media Statements (Dates and Titles)Date released Media StatementsJanuary 12The battle of the sexesFebruary 22Scholarships to boost rebuilding of PakistanMarch 15AHRI commits to weed research initiatives with RIRDC fundsMarch 28Mixed messages for farmersApril 1Lanzhou and UWA forge ahead on dryland researchApril 4UWA graduates take out top honours in WA Agricultural AwardsApril 6UWA and Spain to join forces in major research projectsApril 14UWA Ag-Science students bury their heads in the sandMay 5Glyphosate resistant barnyard grass in WA’s top endJune 9Help needed to sniff out most desirable truffleJune 13A little lupin improves the bread of lifeJune 14Cellular trash turns out to be treasureJune 15Amino acids give wheat better chance of surviving floodsJune 15Boost to UWA minerals and energy researchJune 17Christian devoted to the OrdJune 22Queen’s honoursJune 22Broad-acre farm response to climate changeJuly 1Agriculture’s future as bright as its bright graduatesJuly 11Hunger-beating ‘Seeds of Life’ for Timor-LesteAugust 3The UWA Institute of Agriculture backs deregulation debateAugust 17Climate Commission launches WA Climate ReportAugust 22Esperance carbon stocktake reveals small changeSeptember 2Study finds safer alternative for sulphur preservativeSeptember 14A touch of the tar bushSeptember 20UWA PhD student ‘sheepish’ about saltbushOctober 5Eat apples for a healthy heartOctober 7No turning back on UWA relationship with ChinaOctober 31UWA appointment to boost entomology and researchNovember 15UWA’s first PhD from Timor-Leste to address hungerDecember 2Growing wheat that looks aheadDecember 14Young sowing the seed for twinDecember 202012 Christmas hams to be affected by honey slump?The local and international speakerswere all well-received and theirsubject matter provoked interest anddiscussion in a range of areas.Details of these public lectures areavailable at www.ioa.uwa.edu.au/publications/lectures/201120 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Educationand TrainingThe UWA Institute of Agricultureundertook and facilitated severaltraining initiatives during 2011,among them:22 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Intensification of croppingworkshop in BangladeshIn February a three-day trainingworkshop on the intensification ofcropping (through short-duration foodlegumes) was conducted by CLIMADirector Professor Willie Erskine atthe Bangladesh Agriculture ResearchInstitute to advance more efficientresource use.The workshop formed part of a newACIAR-funded project aimed atincreasing legume production locallywithout reducing rice production byfitting in short-duration food legumes(lentil, field pea and mung bean)between successive rice crops.This and similar future workshopsserve to extend knowledge on thecapacity of legume and rice crops tocomplement each other and increasefood security in many developingregions. For further details see (page5) http://bit.ly/HPowMrWinning collaborationbetween IOA andLanzhou UniversityDuring 2011, the long-standingties between The UWA Institute ofAgriculture and Lanzhou University(LZU) have strengthened further andcontinued to produce outstandingresults, in a world-class jointproject (111 Project), funded by theChinese Government to promotesustainable agriculture, land care andenvironmental practices.(The 111 Program sets out to invite1,000 world-class academics fromthe world’s top 100 universities toestablish 100 innovative researchbases in China;) The LZU-IOAcollaboration is focused ontraining researchers and postgraduatestudents in the study ofenvironmental characterisation of dryand cold eco-systems, developmentof improved crop and pastureproduction technologies and animalhusbandry practices, and the longtermstrategies to adapt to climatechange using western China as amodel.In 2011 the joint program of researchand teaching between the Instituteand the LZU Key Laboratory forGrassland and Arid Ecology atLZU has continued to deliveroutstanding benefits/results for bothresearch bodies and enhance thetheir scientific excellence: Paperspresented in 2010 at the jointlyhosted 2nd International workshopon “Ecosystem Assessment andManagement in Arid and SemiaridAreas – Improving the Productivityand Sustainability of Fragile Arid andSemiarid Agro-ecosystems in theFace of Climate Change” have beenpublished this year in special issuesof the journals: Acta Ecologia Sinica,Plant and Soil and Crop and PastureScience.The significant achievements madeduring the first phase of the 111Project (2007–2011) have led tofunding approval for the secondphase (2012–2016).Reciprocal visits between theinstitutions have further strengthenedthe collaboration and advanced newinitiatives, including the developmentof a joint Centre for DrylandAgricultural Ecosystems that willconduct collaborative research anddevelopment for the benefit of bothAustralia and China; staff exchangeand training programs and PhD studentjoint supervision and exchanges.For further details visit http://bit.ly/HPCTPj and http://bit.ly/HJu8ULIraqi TrainingPrograms at UWAGIS and Remote Sensingtraining at UWAIn June this year, UWA’s School ofEarth and Environment and TheUWA Institute of Agriculture (IOA)held a four-week training coursefor 20 trainees from the Directorateof Agriculture in Iraq, under theIraq Partnership Facility, CoffeyInternational Development, funded byAusAID.The group was engaged inGeographic Information Systems(GIS) and Remote Sensing trainingfocused on agricultural and naturalresource management applications.For more information visit http://bit.ly/p4XSrDThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 23

Crop improvement for IraqIn September/October, a group of 19staff employed by the Iraqi Ministry ofAgriculture participated in a five-weekMaster class in crop Improvement runby UWA’s International Centre of PlantBreeding Education and Research(ICPBER) for the Iraq PartnershipFacility.The AusAID sponsored course wascreated to enhance Iraq’s nationalcapacity for crop improvement andto increase plant productivity bydeveloping new cultivars of prioritycrops with higher yields and greatertolerance to drought and salinity.The course covered basic geneticand plant breeding principles, as wellas ‘hands-on’ practical experiencein the cross-breeding of crop plants.The course also included a field tripto local farms and research stations.To be selected for the course (bytheir employer), participants had todemonstrate how they will use andspread the knowledge acquired intheir jobs in Iraq. The Master classwas the second of its kind followingthe resounding success of the firstcourse held in 2010.QTL courseIn July, the International Centrefor Plant Breeding Education andResearch (ICPBER) at UWA ran anew two-day QTL training course inthe quest to optimise plant breeding.The course titled “Mixed modelbased Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL)mapping in GenStat” presented aflexible mapping approach for QTLand an introduction to the simulationof breeding strategies.The course was aimed at graduatestudents and professionals interestedin a flexible QTL mapping approachin GenStat for single traits in singleenvironments as well as multipletraits and multiple environments.Additionally, a simulation of breedingstrategies was illustrated usingQuGene software. Feedback from the18 participants was positive.For more information visit http://bit.ly/HJu8ULSecond Australia-ChinaWheat Genetics andBreeding WorkshopThe second Australia-China WheatGenetics and Breeding Workshopwas held in Perth in August tofacilitate future collaboration betweenthe two countries in the area of wheatgenetics and breeding, with a focuson breeding new cultivars resistantto biotic and abiotic stresses andadapted to the changing climate.As Chinese wheat breeding programshave operated largely independently,and have not used much exoticgermplasm the workshop attractedkey cereal geneticists and breedersfrom both countries and providedan excellent opportunity to shareknowledge, research and expertiseand wheat germplasm for the benefitof both countries.Presentations included Examplesof successful China-Australiacollaborations; Getting the best fromresources in Australia and China forwheat genome sequence analyses;Issues associated with molecularbreeding and how to overcome them;A case study of Australia – Chinacollaboration in wheat physiologyand breeding; Genetic studies andmolecular marker developmentleading to map based cloning – acase study of Fusarium Crown Rot;A case study of Australia – Chinacollaboration in wheat qualityresearch; Drought tolerant prebreedingin wheat; Characterisationof drought patterns across theAustralian Wheat Belt.The workshop was organised andsponsored by UWA (IOA and Schoolof Plant Biology, Murdoch University(The Centre for ComparativeGenomics) and the Wheat BreedingAssembly 2011, Perth.Masters of Climate Changeat Kerala UniversityUWA has continued to supportKerala Agricultural University(KAU) in its Master of ScienceClimate Change Adaptation Course(launched in September 2010).Vice Dean of the Faculty of Naturaland Agricultural Sciences, W/ProfLyn Abbott, presented a series oflectures to students in January, andin September, IOA Director W/ProfKadambot Siddique, delivered a setof lectures to continuing studentsand welcomed the second cohort tothe program. For further details visit(page 11) http://bit.ly/HJu8ULScience for the FutureFestival in SingaporeIn July 2011, UWA’s annual ‘Sciencefor our Future Festival’ was stagedin Singapore where it attractedteachers, alumni and more than 1000students from Singapore’s JuniorColleges and Polytechnic Colleges.As part of Australia’s NationalScience Week, the three-day eventfeatured talks, displays and dazzlingexperiments to promote scienceto school students and develop inthem an understanding how sciencecontributes to shaping our society.Some of UWA’s leading academicswere there to demonstrate howthis relates to their area. Amongthem was the Director of UWA’sInstitute of Agriculture, WinthropProfessor Kadambot Siddique, whoemphasised science’s key role inensuring the sustainability of theworld’s food supplies.24 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Other speakers included NobelLaureate, Winthrop ProfessorBarry Marshall, former WA Premier,Winthrop Professor CarmenLawrence, Professor Tim St Pierreand Winthrop Professor TonyO’Donnell, Dean of the Faculties ofScience.The three-day event was supportedby the Australian High Commissionin Singapore, Perth Education City(PEC), IDP Education and TaylorsCollege in Perth.For further information visit (page 15)http://bit.ly/HJu8ULThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 25

Visitorsto IOAAwards andIndustry RecognitionThe UWA Institute of Agriculturecontinues to strengthen its existinglinkages while also forging newalliances with organisations anduniversities worldwide.This is reflected by high number ofvisitors to the Institute: In 2011, IOAhosted more than 30 visitors fromregional, national and internationalorganisations. These include: IraqiPrime Minister’s Advisory Councilwith leading representatives fromagriculture and education; adelegation from China’s NorthwestAgriculture and Forestry Universityand the President of LanzhouUniversity, China.Table 4: Staff awards and industry recognition 2011Recipient Award From In recognition forProf Martin FeyW/Prof KadambotSiddiqueDr Helen BramleyGold Medal of the SoilScience Society ofSouth AfricaMember of the Orderof Australia (AM)Best paper awardfor young scientists,2010Queen’sHonour ListQueen’sHonour ListComBioW/Prof Neil Turner Dunhuang Award Gansu People’sprovincialGovernment,ChinaDr James Ridsdill-SmithThe Amos W. HowardMedal and OrationAW HowardMemorial TrustCommitteeHis exceptional contribution tosoil science, through his bookSoils of South AfricaHis lifetime’s work in advancingagricultural science as anacademic and researcher in thearea of crop improvement andagronomy“The contrasting influenceof short-term hypoxia on thehydraulic properties of cellsand roots of wheat and lupin”,published in Functional Biology(February 2010)His outstanding service andcontribution to the joint UWAand Lanzhou University (LZU)economic, scientific, academicdevelopment and educationprogram in Gansu.For his 40-year career inresearch on the behaviour,ecology and management ofinsect and arthropod pests ofpasture plantsPhoto courtesy Hans Schmidt, hs Photo Cairns26 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

New Research Projects 2011Table 5: New Research projects 2011Title Funding Period Funding Body Supervisor’sTeraBase sequencing for mutant, development,environmental and population genomics2011 ARC-LIEF Prof James Whelan,W/Prof Karam Singh,W/Prof Andrew Millar,Dr Boris Baer,Prof Ian Small,Prof Richard OliverFrom source to sink: a national initiative of biochar research 2010–2012 CRISOEx DAFFDrought hardy and carbon conscious grazing Ssstems 2011–2012 Future FarmIndustries CRCAssoc/Prof Dan Murphy,Dr Natasha BanningProfessor Phil VercoeTender 1.1.01A – Genome Sequencing in Narrow Leafed Lupins 2010–2012 GRDC W/Prof Karam Singh,E/Prof Craig Atkins,Prof Grant Morahan,Dr Richard Lipscombe,Dr Jen TaylorMolecular indicators for soil quality 2010–2013 GRDC W/Prof Anthony O’DonnellScreening for high-yielding cereals inwater-limited agricultural landscapes2010–2011 GRDC Prof Edward Barrett-LennardBuilding National Capacity in Educationand Research in Applied EntomologyConference support – Rhizosphere 3International Conference Perth WAInnovative approaches to resistance tonecrotrophic pathogens and sap-sucking insect pests2010–2015 GRDC W/Prof Kadambot Siddique,W/Prof Graeme Martin,W/Prof Anthony O’Donnell2010 GRDC W/Prof Hans Lambers2011–2015 GRDC W/Prof Karam SinghAustralian Herbicide Resistance Initiative 2011–2015 GRDC W/Prof Stephen PowlesSandalwood oil – genetic solutions developed2010 RIRDC Prof Julie Plummerto improve quantity and qualityTravel grant – Cashmere Grower Workshop 2010 RIRDC Ms Aprille ChadwickWheat curl mite wheat streak mosaic and high plains virus –detection transmission epidemiology and management2010–2012 University ofMelbourne ex(GRDC)Prof Roger JonesInitiating the Australian bush plum(Terminalia ferdinandiana Excell) collectionDevelopment of chemical provenance establishment protocolsin selected Australia native plants – Macadamia nutsDevelopment of microbial indicators of soil quality to quantifythe benefits of risks associated with applying piggeryby-products to landThe application of in vitro techniques togeneration acceleration in legumes2011 RIRDC Dr Liz Barbour,Prof Julie Plummer2011 Ainse Research Prof Garry LeeTraining2011–2014 APL Dr Sasha Jenkins,W/Prof Anthony O’Donnell,W/Prof Lynette Abbott2011 GRDC Prof William Erskine,Asst/Prof Janine CroserSoil salinity management in central and southern Iraq 2011–2013 ICARDA Ex ACIAR Prof Edward Barrett-Lennard,Prof Neil ColesDevelopment of Hydstra import tool to2011 DAFWA Prof Neil Colesconsolidate water quality and bore site metadataGenome sequencing in chickpea 2011– 2012 GRDC W/Prof Karam SinghDemonstrating adaptation to climate change in the wheat beltof WA through innovative on-farm and virtual-farm approaches(NAMI – National Adaptation and Mitigation initiative)Second generation sequencing to identify genes controllingflowering in oilseed brassica plants2011– 2012 DAFWA Dr Kenneth Flower,Dr Geraldine Pasqual2011 UWA-UQBilateral ResearchCollaboration AwardW/Prof Wallace Cowling,Dr Jacqueline Batley,Assoc/Prof David Edwards,Asst/Prof Matthew Nelson,Mr Yiming Guo,Mr Kaitao LaiEvaluate fitness costs in herbicide resistant annual ryegrass 2011 RIRDC W/Prof Stephen PowlesThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 27

Students17 postgraduate research studentscommenced their studies during2011 in agriculture and related areas,building on the tradition of excellencein agriculture education and researchat UWA, which has been recognisedin the high number of awards, prizes,scholarships, medals and grantswon by students and staff at UWA inthe area of agriculture and resourcemanagement.Table 5: PhD students commencing in 2011Name Topic School Supervisor(s) Funding BodyMs Monica KehoeMs Brenda CouttsMs Heidi WaddellMr Mike AshworthMrs RenuSaradadevi BijuMr Manoj RajakarunaMudaligeMr Goh Sou ShengUnravelling the cause of blackpod disease of narrow-leafedlupin and developing a controlsolutionStudies on the epidemiologyand control of virus diseaseof oilseeds, legumes andvegetables in WAPhosphorus-use efficiency ofAustrodanthoniaEvolved Glyphosate resistancein wild radish (Raphanusraphanistrum L) populationswith the use of Glyphosateresistant genetically modifiedcanolaPlant BiologyPlant BiologyPlant BiologyWANTFA, AHRI and SchoolPlant BiologyRoot-shoot signal in water IOA and School of Planttransport in wheat under drying BiologyclimateThe efficiency equity tradeoff and poverty impact of ricesector policies in Sri LankaInvestigation of the fitnesscosts associated withglyphosate resistanceAREAHRI and School of PlantBiologyMr Adam Jalaludin To establish the biochemical AHRI, IOA and School ofand genetic basis of glufosinate Plant Biologyresistance in EleusinepopulationsMr Yongjuan Guan Cellular and molecular changes IOA and School of Animalin the testis of rams on different Ciologylevels of nutritionMr Max Bergmann Drought tolerance in Canola IOA and School of PlantBiologyMr MuhammadMunir IqbalThe use of new genomesequence information for grainlegume improvementSchool of Plant BiologyProf Roger JonesAdj/Assoc/Prof BevanBuirchellProf Martin BarbettiProf Roger JonesProf Martin BarbettiAssoc/Prof Megan RyanW/Prof Hans LambersW/Prof Steve Powles,Assoc/Prof Mike WalshDr Ken FlowerW/Prof KadambotSiddique,Dr Helen BramleyDr Jairo Palta (CSIRO)Asst/Prof Amin MugeraProf Benedict WhiteW/Prof Stephen PowlesDr Roberto BusiDr Martin Vila-AiubW/Prof Stephen PowlesAssoc/Prof Qin YuW/Prof Graeme MartinDr Irek MaleckiARC Studentship, GRDCStudentship top-upDAFWAAPA, UWA Safety Nettop-upGRDC Scholarship, APAAustralian EndeavourFellowship, IOAAustralian EndeavourFellowshipMalaysian Rubber BoardUWA SIRFIPRS, UWA SIRFDr Ken FlowerAPA, GRDC top-upW/Prof Kadambot Siddique ScholarshipProf William Erskine Australian EndeavourAssoc/Prof Mathew Nelson FellowshipThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 29

The UWA Instituteof Agriculture(IOA) TeamIOA appointed staffW/Prof Kadambot SiddiqueChair in Agriculture and DirectorEmail: kadambot.siddique@uwa.edu.auW/Prof Karam SinghWinthrop Research ProfessorEmail: karam.singh@csiro.auDr Lars KamphuisPostdoctoral FellowEmail: lars.kamphuis@csiro.auW/Prof Graeme MartinDeputy DirectorEmail: graeme.martin@uwa.edu.auW/Prof Neil TurnerWinthrop Research ProfessorEmail: neil.turner@uwa.edu.auDr Helen BramleyResearch AssociateEmail: helen.Bramley@uwa.edu.auExternal Advisory BoardThe External Advisory Board (EAB)provides the Institute with industryinteraction, advice and feedback.EAB members represent a crosssectionof agricultural industries andnatural resource management areas.Mr Bruce PiperFarmer and Chairman, COGGO(Chair)Mr Neil YoungFarmerMr Philip GardinerFarmer and MLC (Agricultural Region)Mr David FienbergManaging Director, Australasian LupinProcessing Centre, CBH GroupDr Peter Trefort (retired 30/9/11)Director, Hillside MeatsW/Prof Wallace CowlingProfessorEmail: wallace.cowling@uwa.edu.auAssoc/Prof Katia StefanovaAssociate ProfessorEmail: katia.stefanova@uwa.edu.auAsst/Prof Jonathan AndersonAssistant ProfessorEmail: jonathan.anderson@uwa.edu.auMs Ully FritschCommunications andDevelopment OfficerEmail: ully.fritsch@uwa.edu.auMs Cora CastensPersonal Assistant to the DirectorEmail: ioa@uwa.edu.auDr Tony Fischer (retired 30/9/11)Honorary Research Fellow, CSIRODr Jim FortuneAgricultural ConsultantMr Dawson BradfordFarmer, Chair of Lambex, andChairman, WAMMCO)Ms Verity KlemmStrategic Project Manager,Department of WaterCSIRO, WA Co-ordinator:Water for a Healthy Country FlagshipDr Stephen LossManager, CSBPMr Terry HillRegional Services Director, DAFWAMr Andrew RitchiePresident, AAACW/Prof Tony O’DonnellDean, Faculty of Sciences, UWAW/Prof Kadambot SiddiqueDirector, IOA, UWAThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 31

Program LeadersThe Program leaders co-ordinate research, developmentand related activities in their respective areas.Integrated Landand Water ManagementLeader:W/Prof Zed RengelEmail: zed.rengel@uwa.edu.auDeputy Leader:Assoc/Prof Daniel MurphyEmail: daniel.murphy@uwa.edu.auAnimal Production SystemsLeader:Prof Phil VercoeEmail: philip.vercoe@uwa.edu.auDeputy Leader:W/Prof Graeme MartinEmail: graeme.martin@uwa.edu.auRural Economy,Policy and DevelopmentLeader:Asst/Prof Amin MugeraEmail: amin.mugera@uwa.edu.auPlant Production SystemsLeader:W/Prof Stephen PowlesEmail: stephen.powles@uwa.edu.auDeputy Leader:Assoc/Prof Guijun YanEmail: guiyin.yan@uwa.edu.auEducation, Outreach andTechnology Exchange RuralLeader:W/Prof Kadambot SiddiqueEmail: kadambot.siddique@uwa.edu.auDeputy Leader:Mrs Christine RichardsonEmail: christine.richardson@uwa.edu.auExecutive TeamThe Institute is governed by itsExecutive with the Dean of theScience Faculties as Chair. TheExecutive consists of representativesfrom the four schools within the Facultyof Natural and Agricultural Sciences,the IOA Director, the Faculty Managerand – on a rotational basis –a representative from relevantResearch Centres.W/Prof Tony O’Donnell (Chair)Dean, Sciences FacultiesEmail: tony.odonnell@uwa.edu.auW/Prof Kadambot SiddiqueChair in Agriculture and Director,The UWA Institute of AgricultureEmail: kadambot.siddique@uwa.edu.auMs Jan TaylorFaculty Manager, Faculty of Naturaland Agricultural ScienceEmail: jan.taylor@uwa.edu.auW/Prof Graeme MartinHead of School of Animal BiologyEmail: graeme.martin@uwa.edu.auW/Prof Hans LambersHead of School of Plant BiologyEmail: hans.lambers@uwa.edu.auProf Ben WhiteHead of School of Agriculturaland Resource EconomicsEmail: benedict.white@uwa.edu.auProf Matthew TontsHead of School of Earthand EnvironmentEmail: matthew.tonts@uwa.edu.auProf Garry LeeForensic and AnalyticalChemistry GroupEmail: garry.lee@uwa.edu.au32 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

IOA Members 2011In March 2011 IOA invited relevant staff from the university to join the Institute as its members with the aim to provide a forumto explore opportunities for future collaborative research, teaching and postgraduate training in agriculture and related areas.Table 6: IOA membership 2011Member nameEmailMember nameEmailW/Prof Lyn AbbottAsst/ProfJonathan AndersonDr Boris BaerAssoc/Prof. Louse BartonAssoc/Prof.Dominique BlacheDr Helen BramleyMs Cora CastensDr Shen ChengAsst/Prof Jon ClementsW/Prof Timothy ColmerE/Prof John ConsidineAsst/ProfMichael ConsidineW/Prof Wallace CowlingProf Kevin CroftAsst/Prof Zoey DurmicProf William ErskineProf Martin FeyDr Ken FlowerMs Ully FritschAsst/Prof Deirdre GleesonAssoc/Prof Atakelty HailuRes/ProfJonathan HodgsonDr Lars KamphuisAsst/ProfHossein Khabaz-SaberiAdj/Prof Tanveer KhanProf Ross KingwellDr Susan KnightsAsst/Prof Marit KragtW/Prof Hans LambersProf Garry LeeW/Prof Graeme MartinAsst/Prof Amin Mugeralynette.abbott@uwa.edu.aujonathan.anderson@uwa.edu.aubcbaer@cyllene.uwa.edu.aulouise.barton@uwa.edu.audominique.blache@uwa.edu.auhelen.bramley@uwa.edu.auioa@uwa.edu.auchens@cyllene.uwa.edu.aujon.clements@uwa.edu.autimothy.colmer@uwa.edu.aujohn.considine@uwa.edu.aumichael.considine@uwa.edu.auwallace.cowling@uwa.edu.aukevin.croft@uwa.edu.auzdurmic@cyllene.uwa.edu.auwilliam.erskine@uwa.edu.aumartin.fey@uwa.edu.auken.flower@uwa.edu.auully.fritsch@uwa.edu.audeirdre.gleeson@uwa.edu.auatakelty.hailu@uwa.edu.aujonathan.hodgson@uwa.edu.aulars.kamphuis@csiro.auhossein.khabaz-saberi@uwa.edu.autanveer.khan@uwa.edu.aurkingwell@agric.wa.gov.aususan.knights@uwa.edu.aumarit.kragt@uwa.edu.auhans.lambers@uwa.edu.augarry.lee@uwa.edu.augraeme.martin@uwa.edu.auamin.mugera@uwa.edu.auAssoc/Prof Daniel Murphy daniel.murphy@uwa.edu.auAssoc/Profmatthew.nelson@uwa.edu.auMatthew NelsonAdj/Prof Harry Nesbitt harold.nesbitt@uwa.edu.auW/Prof Tony O'Donnell tony.odonnell@uwa.edu.auW/Prof David Pannell david.pannell@uwa.edu.auAdj/Assoc/Profspearse@graduate.uwa.edu.auStuart PearseProf Julie Plummer julie.plummer@uwa.edu.auW/Prof Stephen Powles stephen.powles@uwa.edu.auW/Profklaus.regenauer-lieb@uwa.edu.auKlaus Regenauer-LiebW/Prof Zed Rengel zed.rengel@uwa.edu.auMrs Christine Richardson christine.richardson@uwa.edu.auDr James Ridsdill-Smith james.ridsdill-smith@uwa.edu.auAssoc/Prof Megan Ryan megan.ryan@uwa.edu.auAsst/Prof Ping Sipingsi@cyllene.uwa.edu.auW/Profkadambot.siddique@uwa.edu.auKadambot Siddique,W/Prof Karam Singh karam.singh@uwa.edu.auAsst/Prof Joanne Sneddon joanne.sneddon@uwa.edu.auAsst/Prof Rachel Standish rachel.standish@uwa.edu.auAssoc/Prof Katia Stefanova katia.stefanova@uwa.edu.auDr David Tabahdavid.tabah@uwa.edu.auDr Mark Tibbettmark.tibbett@uwa.edu.auProf Matthew Tonts matthew.tonts@uwa.edu.auW/Prof Neil Turner neil.turner@uwa.edu.auDr Joy Vadhanabhuti joy.vadhanabhuti@uwa.edu.auProf Erik Veneklaas erik.veneklaas@uwa.edu.auAssoc/Prof Phil Vercoe philip.vercoe@uwa.edu.auProf Ben Whitebenedict.white@uwa.edu.auAssoc/Prof Guijun Yan guijun.yan@uwa.edu.auDr Cameron Beeck cameron.beeck@uwa.edu.auDr Muhammad Farooq farooqcp@gmail.comAdj/Prof Tim Flowers T.J.Flowers@sussex.ac.ukAdj/Prof Rajeev Varshney r.k.varshney@cgiar.orgThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 33

Publications 2011Refereed journalsAbbott L,Tang C and Reuter S (2011).Soil-plant-microbe interactions frommicroscopy to field practice. Plantand Soil 348: 1–5.Alghamdi SS, Al-Fafi S, MigdadiHM, Ammar MH and Siddique KHM(2011). Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat(ISSR)- based diversity assessmentamong faba bean genotypes. Crop &Pasture Science 62: 755–760.Amdi C, Williams AR, Maloney SK,Tauson AH, Knott SA and BlacheD (2010). Relationship betweenbehavioural reactivity and feedefficiency in housed sheep. AnimalProduction Science 50: 683–687.Anand-Ivell R, Hiendleder S, ViñolesC, Martin GB, Fitzsimmons C, EurichA, Hafen B and Ivell R (2011). INSL3in the ruminant: a powerful indicatorof gender and genetic-specific fetomaternaldialogue. PLoS ONE 6(5):e19821.Anderson JP and Singh KB (2011).Interactions of Arabidopsis and M.truncatula with the same pathogensdiffer in dependence on ethyleneand ethylene response factors.Plant Signaling and Behaviour 6 (4):551–552.Anderson JP, Gleason C,Lichtenzveig J, Oliver R, and SinghKB (2010). The B-3 EthyleneResponse Factor MtERF1-1 MediatesResistance to a Subset of RootPathogens in Medicago Trunculatawithout Adversely AffectingSymbiosis with Rhizobia. PlantPhysiology 154: 1–13.Anderson WK, Van BurgelAJ, Sharma DL, Shackley BJ,Zaicou-Kunesch CM, Miyan MSand Amjad M (2011) Assessingspecific agronomic responses ofwheat cultivars in a winter rainfallenvironment. Crop & Pasture Science62: 115–124.Aryamanesh N, Al-Subhi A M,Snowball R, Yan G and SiddiqueKHM (2011). First report ofBituminaria witches’ broom inAustralia caused by a 16SrIIphytoplasma. Plant Disease 95 (2):226.Asseng S, Foster I and Turner NC(2011). The impact of temperaturevariability on wheat yields. GlobalChange Biology 17: 997–1012.Balint T and Rengel Z (2011). Nitrogenand sulfur uptake and remobilisationin canola genotypes with variedN- and S-use efficiency differ atvegetative and maturity stages. Crop& Pasture Science 62: 299–312.Balint T and Rengel Z (2011).Amino acid composition of xylemand phloem sap varies in canolagenotypes differing in nitrogen andsulfur use efficiency. Crop & PastureScience 62(3): 198–207.Barton L and Colmer TD (2011).Ameliorating water repellency underturfgrass of contrasting soil organicmatter content: Effect of wettingagent formulation and applicationfrequency. Agricultural WaterManagement 99: 1–7.Barton L and Colmer TD (2011).Granular wetting agents amelioratewater repellency in turfgrass ofcontrasting soil organic mattercontent. Plant and Soil DOI: 10.1007/s11104-011-0765-3.Bennett RG, Ryan MH, Colmer TDand Real D (2011). Prioritisation ofnovel pasture species for use inwater-limited agriculture: a case studyof Cullen in the Western Australianwheatbelt. Genetic Resources & CropEvolution 58: 83–100.Berger JD, Milroy SP, TurnerNC., Siddique KHM, Imtiaz Mand Malhotra R (2011). Chickpeaevolution has selected for contrastingphenological mechanisms amongdifferent habitats. Euphytica 180 (1):1–15.Bever JD, Dickie IA, Facelli E, FacelliJ, Klironomos J, Moora M, Rillig MC,Stock WD, Tibbett M and Zobel M(2010). Rooting theories of plantcommunity ecology in soil microbialinteractions. Trends in Ecology andEvolution 25: 478.Bickell SL, Nowak R, Poindron P,Chadwick A, Ferguson D and BlacheD (2011). Challenge by a novelobject does not impair the capacityof ewes and lambs selected for anervous temperament to display earlypreference for each other. AnimalProduction Science 51: 575–581.Bickell SL, Nowak R, Poindron P,Chadwick A, Ferguson D, BlackberryM and Blache D (2011). Maternalbehaviour and peripartum levelsof oestradiol and progesteroneshow little differences in Merinoewes selected for calm or nervoustemperament under indoor housingconditions. Animal 5: 608–614.Bickell SL, Poindron P, Nowak R,Ferguson DM and Blache D (2010).Maternal behaviour at parturitionin outdoor conditions differs onlymoderately between single bearingewes selected for their calm ornervous temperament. AnimalProduction Science 50: 675–682.34 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

Bin Q, Zhao C, Youn E and NansenC (2011). Use of weighting algorithmsto improve traditional support vectormachine based classifications ofreflectance data. Optics Express 19(27): 26816–26826.Busi R and Powles SB (2011).Reduced sensitivity to paraquatevolves under selection with lowglyphosate doses in Lolium rigidum.Agronomy Sust. Developm. 31:525–531.Chen YL, Dunbabin VM, Diggle AJ,C, Siddique KHM, D and Rengel Z(2011). Development of a novel semihydroponicphenotyping system forstudying root architecture. FunctionalPlant Biology 38: 355–363.Biswas WK, Barton L and CarterD (2011). Biodiesel production insemiarid environment: A Life CycleAssessment approach. EnvironmentalScience and Technology 45:3069–3074.Blache D and Bickell SL (2010).Temperament and reproductivebiology: emotional reactivity andreproduction in sheep. RevistaBrasileira de Zootecnia 39: 401–408.Bonato M, Rybnik PK, Malecki IA,Cornwallis CK and Cloete SWP(2010). Between male variation insemen characteristics and preliminaryresults on the dilution of semen inthe ostrich. South African Journal ofAnimal Science 40: 438–441.Bonato M, Rybnik PK, Malecki IA,Cornwallis CK and Cloete SWP(2011). Twice daily collection yieldsgreater semen output and doesnot affect male libido in the ostrich.Animal Reproduction Science 123:258–264.Bonython AL, Ballard RA, CharmanBD, Nichols PGH and Craig AD(2011). New strains of rhizobia thatnodulate regenerating messina(Melilotus siculus) plants in salinesoils. Crop & Pasture Science 62:427–436.Bramley H, Tyerman SD, TurnerDW and Turner N (2011). Rootgrowth of lupins is more sensitive towaterlogging than wheat. FunctionalPlant Biology 38: 910–918.Busi R and Powles SB (2011).Genetic control of a cytochromeP450 metabolism-based herbicideresistance mechanism in Loliumrigidum. Heredity 106: 817–824.Busi R, Michel S, Powles SB andDélye C (2011). Gene flow increasesthe initial frequency of herbicideresistance alleles in unselectedLolium rigidum populations.Agriculture, Ecosystems andEnvironment 142: 403–409.Busi R, Vila-Aiub MM and PowlesSB (2011). Genetic control of acytochrome P450 metabolism-basedherbicide resistance mechanismin Lolium rigidum. Heredity 106:817–824.Busi R, Yu Q, Barrett-Lennard R andPowles SB (2008). Long distancepollen-mediated flow of herbicideresistance genes in Lolium rigidum.Theor Appl Genet 117: 1281–1290.Carson JK, Gleeson DB, Clipson Nand Murphy DV (2010). Afforestationalters community structure of soilfungi. Fungal Biology 114: 580–584.Carson JK, Gonzalez-QuiñonesV, Murphy DV, Hinz C, Shaw JAand Gleeson DB (2010). Low PoreConnectivity Increases BacterialDiversity in Soil. Applied andEnvironmental Microbiology 76(12):3936–3942.Chen S, Nelson MN, Chèvre A,Jenczewshi E, Li Z, Mason S, MengJ, Plummer JA, Pradhan A, SiddiqueKHM, Snowdon RD, Yan G, Zhou Wand Cowling WA (2011). Trigenomicbridges for Brassica improvement.Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 30:524–547.Chen YL, Dunbabin VM, DiggleAJ, Siddique KHM and Zengel R(2011). Assessing variability in roottraits of wild Lupinus angustifoliusgermplasm: basis for modelling rootsystem structure. Plant and SoilDOI: 10.1007/s11104-011-1050-1.Chen YL, Dunbabin VM, PostmaJA, Diggle AJ, Palta JA, Lynch JP,Siddique KHM and Rengel Z (2011).Phenotypic variability and modellingof root structure of wild Lupinusangustifolius genotypes. Plant andSoil 348: 345–364.Chien SH, Sikora FJ and Gilkes RJ,McLaughlin MJ (2011). Comparing ofthe difference and balance methodsto calculate percent recovery offertiliser phosphorus applied tosoils: a critical discussion. Nutr CyclAgroecosyst. DOI: 10.1007/s10705-011-9467-8.Ciereszko A, Rybnik PK, HorbanczukJO, Dietrich GJ, Deas A, SłowinskaM, Liszewska E and Malecki IA(2010). Biochemical characterisationand sperm motility parameters ofostrich (Struthio camelus) semen.Animal Reproduction Science 122:222–228.Clarke HJ, Kumari M, Khan TNand Siddique KHM (2011). Poorlyformed chloroplasts are barriers tosuccessful interspecific hybridisationin chickpea following in vitro embryorescue. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult106 (3): 465-473.Colmer TD and Greenway H(2011). Ion transport in seminal andadventitious roots of cereals duringO 2deficiency. Journal of ExperimentalBotany 62: 39–57.Congcong J, Ramchiary N, Ma Y, JinM, Feng J, Li R,Wang H, Long Y, ChoiSR, Zhang C, Cowling WA, Park BS,Lim YP and Meng J (2011). Structuraland functional comparative mappingbetween the Brassica A genomesin allotetraploid Brassica napus anddiploid Brassica rapa. Theor ApplGenet, 123: 927–941.The UWA Institute of Agriculture | 35

Conning SA, Renton M, Ryan MHand Nichols PGH (2011). Biserrulaand subterranean clover can co-existduring the vegetative phase but areout-competed by capeweed. Crop &Pasture Science 62 (3) 236–247.Coutts BA, Kehoe MA, WebsterCG, Wylie SJ and Jones RAC(2011). Indigenous and introducedpotyviruses of legumes and Passifloraspp. From Australia: biologicalproperties and comparison of coatprotein nucleotide sequences.Archives of Virology 156: 1757–1774.Coutts BA, Kehoe MA, WebsterCG, Wylie SJ and Jones RAC(2011). Zucchini yellow mosaic virus:biological properties, detectionprocedures and comparison of coatprotein gene sequences. Archives ofVirology 156: 2119–2131.Coutts BA, Kehoe MA and JonesRAC (2011). Minimising lossescaused by Zucchini yellow mosaicvirus in vegetable cucurbit cropsin tropical, sub-tropical andMediterranean environments throughcultural methods and host resistance.Virus Research 159: 141–160.Croser JS, Lulsdorf MM, GrewalR, Usher K and Siddique KHM(2011). Isolated microspore cultureof chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.):Induction of androgensis andcytological analysis of early haploiddivisions. In Vitro Cellular andDevelopmental Biology-Plant 47:357–368.Damon PM, Ma QF and RengelZ (2011). Wheat genotypes differin potassium accumulation andosmotic adjustment under droughtstress. Crop & Pasture Science 62:550–555.De Blasio MJ, Blache D, GatfordKL, Robinson JS and Owens JA(2010). Placental restriction increasesadipose leptin gene expressionand plasma leptin and alters theirrelationship to feeding activity in theyoung lamb. Pediatric Research 67:603–608.Delany KK, Auldist MJ, ThompsonP, Blache D, Macmillan KL, GraingerC and Nicholas KR (2010). Bloodplasma concentrations of metabolichormones and glucose duringextended lactation in grazing cows orcows fed a total mixed ration. Journalof Dairy Science 93: 5913–5920.Digby S, Blache D, Masters DG andRevell DK (2010). Responses to salinedrinking water in offspring born toewes fed high salt during pregnancy.Small Ruminant Research 91: 87–92.Digby SN, Chadwick MA and BlacheD (2011). Salt intake and reproductivefunction in sheep. Animal 5: 1207–1216.Elliott J, Sneddon J, Lee JM andBlache D. (2011) Producers’ attitudestoward improving lamb survival: anexploratory study. Livestock Science140: 103-110.English JP and Colmer TD (2011).Salinity and waterlogging tolerancesin three stem-succulent halophytes(Tecticornia species) from the marginsof ephemeral salt lakes. Plant andSoil 348: 379–396.Erskine W, Sarker A and Kumar S(2011). Crops that feed the world 3.Investing in lentil improvement towarda food secure world. Food Sec. 3:127–139.Eshraghi L, Aryamanesh N, AndersonJP, Shearer B, McComb JA,Hardy GEStJ, O’Brien PA (2011). Aquantitative PCR assay for accuratein-planta quantification of thenecrotrophic pathogen Phytophthoracinnamomi. European Journal of PlantPathology 131: 419–430.Eshraghi L, Anderson JP,Aryamanesh N, Shearer B, McCombJ, Hardy GEStJ and O’Brien PA(2011). Phosphite primes defenceresponses in Phytophthoracinnamomi-infected Arabidopsisthaliana and enhances expression ofdefence genes. Plant Pathology 60:1086–1095.Fang X, Phillips D, Li H,Sivasithamparama K and BarbettiMJ (2011). Comparisons of virulenceof pathogens associated with crownand root diseases of strawberryin Western Australia with specialreference to the effect of temperature.Scientia Horticulturae 131: 39–48.Fang XL, Phillips D, Li H,Sivasithamparam K and BarbettiMJ (2011). Severity of crown androot diseases of strawberry andassociated fungal and oomycetepathogens in Western Australia.Journal of Australasian PlantPathology 40: 109–119.Fang XW, Turner NC, Li FM andSiddique KHM (2011). An earlytransient water deficit reduces flowernumber and pod production butincreases seed size in chickpea(Cicer arietinum L.). Crop & PastureScience 62: 481–487.Fang XW, Turner NC, Li FM, LiWJ and Guo XS (2011). Caraganakorshinskii seedlings maintainpositive photosynthesis duringshort-term, severe drought stress.Photosynthetica 49 (4): 603–609.Farooq M, Bramley H, Palta JA andSiddique KHM (2011). Heat stress inwheat during reproductive and grainfillingphases. Critical Reviews in PlantSciences 30: 491–507.Farooq M, Flower K, Jabran K, WahidA and Siddique KHM (2011). Cropyield and weed management indryland conservation agriculture. Soiland Tillage Research. 117: 172–183.36 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

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Lulsdorf MM, Croser JS andOchatt S (2011). Androgenesis andDoubled-Haploid Production in FoodLegumes. In: Pratap A and Kumar J(eds.) Biology and Breeding of FoodLegumes, CABI, Oxfordshire, UK,pp. 159–177.Malecki A and Rybnik-TrzaskowskaPK (2011). Natural Mating andArtificial Insemination. In: Glatz PC,Lunam CA and Malecki I (eds.) TheWelfare of Farmed Ratites, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany,pp. 45–64.Ramirez J, Jarvis A, Van den BerghI, Staver C and Turner DW (2011).Changing Climates: Effects onGrowing Conditions for Banana andPlantain (Musa spp.) and PossibleResponses. In: Yadav SS, ReddenR, Hatfield JL, Lotze-Campen Hand Hall A (eds.) Crop Adaptationto Climate Change. Wiley-Blackwell,Ames, ISBN 978-0-8138-2016-3. Pp.426–438.Riley IT and Barbetti MJ (2010).Seed-gall Nematode. In: BrockusWW, Bowden RL, Hunger RM,Morrill WL, Murray TD and SmileyRW (eds.) Compendium of WheatDiseases, APS Press, The AmericanPhytopathological Society, St Paul,Minnesota, USA. pp. 94–95.Salisbury PA. and Barbetti MJ (2011).Breeding Oilseed Brassica for ClimateChange. In: Yadav SS, Redden RJ,JHatfield JS, Lotze-Campen H, HallA (eds.) Crop Adaptation to ClimateChange. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,Chichester, West Sussex, UK, pp.448–463.Toker C, Canci H and Siddique KHM(2011). Noninfectious Disorders:Nutrient Disorders. In: Chen W,Sharma HC and Muehlbauer FJ (eds.)Compendium of Chickpea and LentilDiseases and Pests. The AmericanPhytopatholgical Society, St. Paul,Minnesota, USA, pp. 126–131.Turner DW, Fortescue JA andThomas DS (2010) Bananas:Environment and Crop Physiology.In: DaMatta F (ed). Ecophysiology ofTropical Tree Crops. Nova SciencePublishers Inc., NY, USA, pp. 7–36.Turner NC (2011). More from Less– Improvements in PrecipitationUse Efficiency in Western AustralianWheat Production. In: Tow P, CooperI, Partridge I, and Birch C (eds.)Rainfed Farming Systems, Springer,Dortrecht, The Netherlands, pp.777–790.Turner NC and Meyer R (2011).Synthesis of Regional Impacts andGlobal Agriculture Adjustments. In:Yadav SS, Redden RJ, Hatfield JL,Lotze-Campen H and Hall AE (eds.)Crop Adaptation to Climate Change,Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, pp.156-165.Turner NC, Siddique KHM, Li F-Mand Xiong Y-C and (2011). Plant-soilEcosystem Management in Semi-aridand Arid Environment. In: Plant andSoil (Special issue 347) Springer,Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp.1-90.Vadez V, Kholova J, Choudhary S,Zindy P, Terrier M, Krishnamurty L,Kumar PR and Turner NC (2011).Responses to Increased MoistureStress and Extremes: Whole PlantResponse to Drought under ClimateChange. In: Yadav SS, Redden RJ,Hatfield JL, Lotze-Campen H and HallAE (eds). Crop Adaptation to ClimateChange, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford,UK., pp. 186-197.Viñoles-Gil C, Gonzalez-Bulnes A,Martin GB, Sales Zlatar F and Sale S(2010). Chapter 11: Sheep and Goats.In: DesCôteaux L, Colloton J andGnemmi G (eds). Practical Atlas ofRuminant and Camelid ReproductiveUltrasonography. Wiley-BlackwellAmes, Iowa, USA, pp. 181–210.Wolko B, Clements JC, NaganowskaB, Nelson MN, Yang H (2011).Lupinus. In: Kole C (ed) Wild CropRelatives: Genomic and BreedingResources. Springer BerlinHeidelberg, Germany, pp. 153–206.BooksGlatz PC, Lunam CD, Malecki I (eds.)Welfare of Farmed Ratites, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Germany.263pp.Simmons LW and Ridsdill-Smith(eds) (2011). Ecology and Evolution ofDung Beetles. Wiley and Blackwell,Chichester, West Sussex, UK, 347pp.Li F, Siddique KHM, Turner NC,Ouyang Z, Yan G and Xiong Y(2011). Sustainability of AgriculturalEcosystems in Arid Regions inResponse to Climate Change. Specialissue of Acta Ecologia Sinica 31 (9).Science Press, Beijing, P.R. China.301pp. (In Chinese with Englishabstracts).Lindsay D (2011). Scientific Writing =Thinking in Words. CSIRO Publishing,Collingwood, Australia, 128pp.Pannell D and Vanclay F (eds.) (2011).Changing Land Management. CSIROPublishing, Collingwood, (Australia),208pp.Tonts M and Siddique MAB (eds.)(2011). Globalisation, Agriculture andDevelopment: Perspectives from theAsia-Pacific. Edward Elgar Publishing,London, UK, 254pp.Turner NC, Li F-M, Xiong Y-C andSiddique KHM (2011). Climatechange and agricultural ecosystemmanagement in dry areas (Guesteditorial). Crop & Pasture Science62: i–ii.44 | www.ioa.uwa.edu.au

AcronymsAAACAustralian Association of AgriculturalConsultantsICPBERInternational Centre of Plant BreedingEducation and Research (at UWA)AHRIACIARAPAAPLARCThe Australian Herbicide ResistanceInitiative (at UWA)The Australian Centre for InternationalAgricultural ResearchAustralian Postgraduate AwardAustralian Pork LimitedAustralian Research CouncilICRAFIOAIPMIPRSIRRIWorld Agroforestry Centre, NairobiThe UWA Institute of AgricultureIntegrated Pest ManagementInternational PostgraduateResearch ScholarshipsInternational Rice ResearchInstitute, PhilippinesAusAIDCAPCEEPCBHCLIMACOGGOCSIRODAFFDCCEEDAFWADEEDIDIIRFFI CRCGISGRDCHSDAustralian Government’s overseas aidprogramCovered anaerobic pondCentre for Environmental and EconomicPolicy (at UWA)Corporate Bulk Handling Group(company)Centre for Legumes in MediterraneanAgriculture (at UWA)Council of Grain Growers OrganisationCommonwealth Scientific & IndustrialResearch OrganisationDepartment of Agriculture, Fisheriesand ForestryDepartment of Climate Change andEnergy EfficiencyDepartment of Food and AgricultureWestern AustraliaDepartment of Employment, EconomicDevelopment and Innovation,QueenslandDepartment of Innovation, Industry andRegional DevelopmentFuture Farm Industries Co-operativeResearch CentreGeographic Information SystemsGrains and Research DevelopmentCorporationHarrington Seed DestructorKAULCALIEFLZUMLAOECDIPPCPECQTLRIRDCRSPCASARESIRFSoLUPAUPAISUWAUQWAPPAKerala Agricultural University, IndiaLife Cycle AssessmentLinkage Infrastructure, Equipment andFacilities (funding scheme)Lanzhou University, ChinaMeat and Livestock AustraliaOrganisation for Economic Cooperationand Development.Intergovernmental Panel for ClimateChangePerth Education cityQuantitative Trait LocusRural Industries Research andDevelopment CorporationRoyal Society for the Prevention ofCruelty To AnimalsSchool of Agricultural and ResourceEconomics (at UWA)Scholarships for International ResearchFeesSeeds of Life (project in Timor-Leste)University Postgraduate AwardsUniversity Postgraduate Award(International Students)The University of Western AustraliaUniversity of QueenslandWestern Australian Pork Producers’AssociationICARDAInternational Centre for AgricultureResearch in the Dry Areas, SyriaThe UWA Institute of Agriculture | 45

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