TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR CHROMIUM - Davidborowski.com

CHROMIUM 462. HEALTH EFFECTSdichromate and chromium trioxide for at least 1 year were generally unremarkable, with the exception ofone case of occasional albuminuria and a few cases of slight urobilinuria (Sassi 1956). As part of amortality and morbidity study of workers engaged in the manufacture of chromium(VI) compounds(84%) and chromium(III) compounds (16%) derived from chromium(VI) in Japan, 94 workers who hadbeen exposed for 1–28 years were given a complete series of kidney function tests (not furthercharacterized) 3 years after exposure ended. All values were within normal limits (Satoh et al. 1981).Studies of renal function in chrome platers, whose exposure is mainly to chromium(VI) compounds, havealso yielded equivocal results. A positive dose-response for elevated urinary levels of β 2 -microglobulinwas found in chrome platers who were exposed to 0.004 mg chromium(VI)/m 3 , measured by personal airsamplers, for a mean of 5.3 years. However, since no increase in β 2 -microglobulin levels was found inex-chrome platers who had worked for at least one year in an old chrome plating plant from 1940 to 1968,this effect may be reversible (Lindberg and Vesterberg 1983b). Liu et al. (1998) similarly foundsignificantly higher urinary β 2 -microglobulin and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase levels in hard-chromeelectroplaters exposed to 0.0042 mg chromium/m 3 for a mean of 5.8 years, as compared to aluminumanode-oxidation workers. The prevalence of elevated levels (higher than reference values) wassignificantly increased for N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, but not for β 2 -microglobulin. In another study,comparison of results of renal function tests between chrome platers and construction workers revealedthat the chrome platers had significantly (p