TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR CHROMIUM - Davidborowski.com

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33 Rat I8 mo Resp 0.1 M Glaser et al. 1986,(Wistar) 7 d/wk198822 hr/dNa 2Cr 2O 72H 2O (VI)HematoHepaticRenalEndocrBd Wt34 Rat I8 mo Resp(Wistar) 7 d/wk22 hr/dHematoHepaticRenalEndocrBd Wt35 Rat 2 yr Resp(Sprague-Dawley)5 d/wk6 hr/dCardioGastroHematoMusc/skelHepaticRenalEndocrOcularBd WtTABLE 2-1. Levels of Significant Exposure to Chromium - Inhalation (continued)LOAELExposure/Key to a Species duration/NOAEL Less serious Serious Reference/figure (strain) frequency System (mg Cr/m3) (mg Cr/m3)(mg Cr/m3)Form0.1 M0.1 M0.1 M0.1 M0.1 M0.1 M0.1 M0.1 M0.1 M15.515.515.515.515.515.515.515.515.515.50.1 M (increased RBC, WBC)0.1 M (interstitial fibrosis of lung) Glaser et al. 1986,1988CrO 3and Cr 2O 3(VI+ Ill)Lee et al. 1989CrO 2(IV)2. HEALTH EFFECTS<strong>CHROMIUM</strong> 24
36 Rat 2 yr Resp 1.6 (granulomata, giant cells, Steffee and(Wistar) 4 d/wk bronchopneumonia, Baetjer 19654-5 hr/d abscesses) Finely groundchromium roast(VI)37 Mouse(C57BL/6)18 mo Resp5 d/wk5.5 hr/d38 Gn pig 4.5 yr Resp(NS) 4 d/wk4-5 hr/dReproductive39 Rat 3 gen(Wistar) 130 d/gen40 Rat 18 mo(Wistar) 7 d/wk22 hr/dCancer41 Human 90d->5yr42 Human 1 mo -29yr(occup) bTABLE 2-1. Levels of Significant Exposure to Chromium - Inhalation (continued)LOAELExposure/Key to a Species duration/NOAEL Less serious Serious Reference/figure (strain) frequency System (mg Cr/m3) (mg Cr/m3)(mg Cr/m3)Form0.2 M0.1 M4.3 (epithelial necrosis, Nettesheim andhyperplasia) Szakal 1972CaCrO (VI) 41.6 (alveolar and interstitial Steffee andinflammation; alveolar Baetjer 1965hyperplasia, interstitial Mixed chromiumfibrosis) roast K 2Cr 2O 7Na 2CrO 4(VI)Glaser et al 1984Sodiumdichromate (VI)Glaser et al. 1986,1988Chromium (VI)trioxide,Chromium (111)oxide0.413 (CEL: lung cancer) Hayes et al. 1979;Braver et al. 19850.5 M (CEL: lung cancer)mixedHayes et al. 1989PbCrO 4ZnCrO (VI) 4and2. HEALTH EFFECTS<strong>CHROMIUM</strong> 25
Page 1 and 2: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FORCHROMIUMU.
Page 3: CHROMIUMiiiUPDATE STATEMENTToxicolo
Page 7 and 8: CHROMIUMviiQUICK REFERENCE FOR HEAL
Page 11: CHROMIUMxiPEER REVIEWA peer review
Page 14 and 15: CHROMIUMxiv2.2.3.1 Death ..........
Page 16: CHROMIUMxviC. ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIO
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CHROMIUM 742. HEALTH EFFECTSchromiu
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8 Rat once 26 M (LD 50)(Fischer- 34
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20 Mouse 9 d Bd Wt 53.2 F 101 .1 F
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32 Rat(BD)33 RatSwiss albino34 RatD
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Neurological45 Rat 28 d(Wistar)Repr
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59 Mouse 85 d + 36.7 F NTP 1997(BAL
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CHRONIC EXPOSURESystemic70 Human71
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Figure 2-2. Levels of Significant E
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MinimalFigure 2-2. Levels of Signif
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CHROMIUM 922. HEALTH EFFECTSand blo
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CHROMIUM 942. HEALTH EFFECTSHematol
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CHROMIUM 962. HEALTH EFFECTSAverage
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CHROMIUM 982. HEALTH EFFECTSchanges
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CHROMIUM 1002. HEALTH EFFECTSsperma
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CHROMIUM 1022. HEALTH EFFECTSchromi
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CHROMIUM 1042. HEALTH EFFECTS2.2.2.
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CHROMIUM 1062. HEALTH EFFECTSImpair
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CHROMIUM 1082. HEALTH EFFECTSrates
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TABLE 2-3. Levels of Significant Ex
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HumanHumanHumanHumanHumanHumanHuman
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CHRONIC EXPOSURESystemicHuman 7.5 y
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CHROMIUM 1162. HEALTH EFFECTSNo stu
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CHROMIUM 1182. HEALTH EFFECTSIrrita
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CHROMIUM 1202. HEALTH EFFECTSindust
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CHROMIUM 1222. HEALTH EFFECTSGuinea
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CHROMIUM 1242. HEALTH EFFECTSmodel,
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CHROMIUM 1262. HEALTH EFFECTSblood,
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CHROMIUM 1302. HEALTH EFFECTSAlthou
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CHROMIUM 1322. HEALTH EFFECTS2.3.2
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CHROMIUM 1362. HEALTH EFFECTSThe di
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CHROMIUM 1382. HEALTH EFFECTS(2-5 m
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CHROMIUM 1402. HEALTH EFFECTSIn rat
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CHROMIUM 1422. HEALTH EFFECTSunstab
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CHROMIUM 1442. HEALTH EFFECTSIn add
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CHROMIUM 1462. HEALTH EFFECTSsignif
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CHROMIUM 1502. HEALTH EFFECTSDaily
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CHROMIUM 1522. HEALTH EFFECTS51 Chr
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CHROMIUM 1562. HEALTH EFFECTSFigure
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CHROMIUM 1582. HEALTH EFFECTSTable
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CHROMIUM 1622. HEALTH EFFECTSInterr
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CHROMIUM 1642. HEALTH EFFECTSthe bl
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CHROMIUM 1662. HEALTH EFFECTSpreval
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CHROMIUM 1682. HEALTH EFFECTS2.5 RE
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CHROMIUM 1702. HEALTH EFFECTSSevera
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CHROMIUM 1722. HEALTH EFFECTSanimal
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CHROMIUM 1742. HEALTH EFFECTSOral M
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CHROMIUM 1762. HEALTH EFFECTSfibros
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CHROMIUM 1782. HEALTH EFFECTSNausea
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CHROMIUM 1802. HEALTH EFFECTSthe pr
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CHROMIUM 1822. HEALTH EFFECTSSevere
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CHROMIUM 1842. HEALTH EFFECTSdevelo
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CHROMIUM 1862. HEALTH EFFECTSthe ce
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CHROMIUM 1882. HEALTH EFFECTSimprov
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CHROMIUM 1902. HEALTH EFFECTSchroma
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CHROMIUM 1922. HEALTH EFFECTSIn ano
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Table 2-5. Genotoxicity of Chromium
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Table 2-5. Genotoxicity of Chromium
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Species (test system)Prokaryotic or
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Species (test system)S. typhimurium
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Species (test system)Mouse A18BcR c
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Species (test system)Prokaryotic or
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Species (test system)Syrian hamster
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CHROMIUM 2082. HEALTH EFFECTSet al.
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CHROMIUM 2102. HEALTH EFFECTScancer
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CHROMIUM 2122. HEALTH EFFECTS2.6 EN
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CHROMIUM 2142. HEALTH EFFECTSChromi
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CHROMIUM 2182. HEALTH EFFECTSBiolog
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CHROMIUM 2222. HEALTH EFFECTSemploy
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CHROMIUM 2242. HEALTH EFFECTSunexpe
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CHROMIUM 2262. HEALTH EFFECTSMutti
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CHROMIUM 2282. HEALTH EFFECTS1986a,
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CHROMIUM 2302. HEALTH EFFECTSconcen
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CHROMIUM 2322. HEALTH EFFECTSmentio
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CHROMIUM 2362. HEALTH EFFECTSglutat
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CHROMIUM 2382. HEALTH EFFECTS1997).
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CHROMIUM 2402. HEALTH EFFECTS
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CHROMIUM 2422. HEALTH EFFECTSlimite
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CHROMIUM 2442. HEALTH EFFECTSThe re
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CHROMIUM 2462. HEALTH EFFECTS(Nette
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CHROMIUM 2482. HEALTH EFFECTSsperma
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CHROMIUM 2502. HEALTH EFFECTSThere
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CHROMIUM 2522. HEALTH EFFECTStimesp
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CHROMIUM 2542. HEALTH EFFECTSShmito
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CHROMIUM 2562. HEALTH EFFECTShas no
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CHROMIUM 2582. HEALTH EFFECTSTable
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CharacteristicSynonym(s)Table 3-1.
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CHROMIUM 2663. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICA
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CHROMIUM 2744. PRODUCTION, IMPORT/E
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CHROMIUM 2815. POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN
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Derived from HazDat 2000Figure 5-2.
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State bTable 5-2. Releases to the E
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State bTable 5-2. Releases to the E
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CHROMIUM 3156. ANALYTICAL METHODSTh
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Sample matrixTable 6-1. Analytical
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CHROMIUM 3196. ANALYTICAL METHODS6.
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Sample matrixOccupational air(weldi
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Sample matrixWaste water 1986(chrom
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CHROMIUM 3256. ANALYTICAL METHODS6.
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CHROMIUM 3277. REGULATIONS AND ADVI
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CHROMIUM 3398. REFERENCES*Aaseth J,
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CHROMIUM 3418. REFERENCES*Anderson
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CHROMIUM 3438. REFERENCES*Baranowsk
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CHROMIUM 3458. REFERENCESBlack CB,
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CHROMIUM 3478. REFERENCES*Buckell M
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CHROMIUM 3498. REFERENCES*Chen NSC,
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CHROMIUM 3518. REFERENCESCriqui M,
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CHROMIUM 3538. REFERENCESDOD. 1947.
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CHROMIUM 3558. REFERENCES*EPA. 1984
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CHROMIUM 3578. REFERENCES*EPA. 1996
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CHROMIUM 3598. REFERENCESFlint GN,
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CHROMIUM 3618. REFERENCES*Gale TF,
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CHROMIUM 3638. REFERENCESGriepink B
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CHROMIUM 3658. REFERENCES*Hayes RB,
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CHROMIUM 3678. REFERENCESHunt CD, S
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CHROMIUM 3698. REFERENCES*Jansen LH
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CHROMIUM 3718. REFERENCESKeith RL,
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CHROMIUM 3738. REFERENCES*Korallus
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CHROMIUM 3758. REFERENCES*Laborda R
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CHROMIUM 3778. REFERENCESLees PSJ,
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CHROMIUM 3798. REFERENCES*Liu KJ, J
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CHROMIUM 3818. REFERENCES*Malm O, P
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CHROMIUM 3838. REFERENCESMehra R, B
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CHROMIUM 3858. REFERENCES*Morris B,
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CHROMIUM 3878. REFERENCES*Newbold R
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CHROMIUM 3898. REFERENCES*Novey HS,
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CHROMIUM 3918. REFERENCES*OSHA 1999
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CHROMIUM 3938. REFERENCESPiela Z, K
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CHROMIUM 3958. REFERENCESRI Div Air
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CHROMIUM 3978. REFERENCES*Sata F, A
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CHROMIUM 3998. REFERENCES*Sheppard
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CHROMIUM 4018. REFERENCES*Snyder CA
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CHROMIUM 4038. REFERENCESŠtupar J,
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CHROMIUM 4058. REFERENCESTamino G,
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CHROMIUM 4078. REFERENCES*Ueno S, S
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CHROMIUM 4098. REFERENCESWahlberg J
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CHROMIUM 4118. REFERENCES*Wiegand H
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CHROMIUM 4138. REFERENCES*Zhitkovic
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CHROMIUM 4169. GLOSSARYCase Series
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CHROMIUM 4189. GLOSSARYModifying Fa
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CHROMIUM 4209. GLOSSARYeither under
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CHROMIUM A-1APPENDIX AATSDR MINIMAL
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CHROMIUM A-3APPENDIX AMINIMAL RISK
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CHROMIUM A-5APPENDIX AMINIMAL RISK
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CHROMIUM A-7APPENDIX AWas a convers
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CHROMIUM B-2APPENDIX B(2) Exposure
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1SAMPLE6 TABLE 2-1. Levels of Signi
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CHROMIUM B-6APPENDIX BChapter 2 (Se
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CHROMIUM C-1APPENDIX CACRONYMS, ABB
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CHROMIUM C-3APPENDIX CTRITWAU.S.UFy
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