TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR CHROMIUM - Davidborowski.com

CHROMIUM 1282. HEALTH EFFECTSchromium(VI) concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10.0 mg/L (approximately 0.001–0.1 mgchromium(VI)/kg/day) for 3 days. A dose-related increase in urinary chromium was seen in all subjectsand the percent of the dose excreted ranged from chromium(III)-orange juice>chromium(III).The absorption of a single bolus dose of chromium(VI) as potassium dichromate has been assessed inmale volunteers (Kerger et al. 1997). In this study, 5 volunteers ingested either 2.5 or 5 mgchromium(VI) as a 10 mg/L solution in a 2 minute period. Based on the volunteer’s weight, the estimateddoses were 0.03 and 0.05 mg chromium(VI)/kg. A peak in plasma and red blood cell chromium wasreached within 90 minutes after dosing for the 4 volunteers ingesting 0.05 mg chromium(VI)/kg (averageplasma concentration 25 µg chromium/L; range 5.1 to 57 µg/L, average RBC concentration 17.6 µgchromium/L, range 13.5 to 24 µg/L). Peak plasma chromium concentration was 23 µg chromium/L (at30 minutes after ingestion) for the 1 volunteer at 0.03 mg chromium(VI)/kg. No chromium(VI) wasdetected in any of the plasma samples from the 5 volunteers for up to 14 hours post-dosing, indicatingthat reduction of chromium(VI) had taken place in the gastrointestinal tract or bloodstream.Bioavailability, as assessed by urinary excretion for 4 days after dosing, averaged 5.7% but variedconsiderably among the volunteers (range 1.1–14.5%). The authors stated that the individual absorbing14.5% of the dose was an “outlier” compared to other subjects in this and other absorption experimentsperformed by this group.In an experiment using three of the same volunteers, chromium(VI) as potassium chromate was given inwater at 5 mg chromium/day for 3 consecutive days (Kerger et al. 1997). Three divided doses were taken