TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR CHROMIUM - Davidborowski.com

CHROMIUM 1022. HEALTH EFFECTSchromium(VI)/kg/day group. Decreased mating, decreased fertility, and increased pre- and postimplantationloss were observed in female Druckrey rats receiving doses of 45, 89, and 124 mgchromium(VI)/kg/day (as potassium dichromate in the drinking water) for 3 months prior to mating; the89 and 124 mg chromium(VI)/kg/day groups exhibited increased resorptions as well (Kanojia et al.1998). A decrease in fertility (decreased number of implantations and viable fetuses) was observed inmale and female mice that were exposed to 6 mg chromium(VI)/kg/day as potassium dichromate for12 weeks and then were mated with unexposed males and females (Elbetieha and Al-Hamood 1997). Anincrease in the number of mice with resorptions was also observed in the exposed females.In a multigeneration reproductive assessment by continuous breeding study of BALB/c mice were fed adiet containing potassium dichromate(VI). Males and females were exposed to chromium for 7 days andthen 20 pairs (F 0 ) in each dose group were allowed to continuously mate for 85 days (NTP 1997). Themean doses of chromium(VI) in F 0 animals were 6.8, 13.5, and 30.0 mg/kg/day. Litters produced duringthe 85-day mating period were examined at postnatal day 1. There were no treatment related changes inaverage litters/pair, number of live and dead pups per litter, sex ratios, pup weights, or changes ingestational time. There were no dose related gross pathological organ differences observed for both F 0males and females, nor any differences in organ to body weight ratios. At the highest dose the F 0 femaleshad lower mean body weights than control animals by about 7%. There were no effects on sperm numberor motility, nor were there any increases in abnormal sperm morphology. Histopathological examinationof livers and kidneys from F 0 males and females showed no changes that were treatment related. F 1 littersproduced after 85 days were reared by the dam until weaning on post-natal day 21 then separated andallowed to mature for about 74 days. At that time, 20 pairs were allowed to mate and produce F 2progeny. Mean exposures to chromium(VI) to F 1 animals were determined to be 7.8, 16.0, and36.7 mg/kg/day. F 2 litters were reared by the dam until weaning on post-natal day 21 before beingsacrificed. There were no differences in F 2 average litters/pair, number of live and dead pups per litter,sex ratios, pup weights, or changes in gestational time between exposed groups and controls. There wereno dose-related gross pathological organ differences observed for both F 1 males and females, nor anydifferences in organ to body weight ratios. No histological lesions were observed in liver and kidneycells that were dose related, nor did chromium(VI) have any effects on estrous cycling.Chromium(III) as chromium oxide did not cause reproductive effects in rats. Male and female rats fed1,806 mg chromium(III)/kg/day as chromium oxide 5 days/week for 60 days before gestation andthroughout the gestational period were observed to have normal fertility, gestational length, and litter size(Ivankovic and Preussmann 1975). A study by Bataineh et al. (1997) found significant alterations in