Perversion the Social Relation
Perversion the Social Relation Perversion the Social Relation
178 Michael P. Biblerhis last hope for salvation (315). Nat finally agrees after some persuasionand thus performs the only other baptism besides his own and Willis'sthat he includes in his confession. This second baptism is extremely significantin that Brantley's oppositional relation to slave society promptsNat to rethink his genocidal vision and decide to spare the white manfrom the slaughter. And, as Nat sees it, the core characteristic that setsBrantley at odds with the power structures of society is his sexual identityas a "sotomite." In making this decision, however, Nat seems to misreadBrantley's character deliberately in order to foster an identificationwith him in a way that satisfies Nat's original experience of homo-ness.In the novel, Brantley's sexuality resituates homosexuality as crucial toNat's vision of rebellion and at least reminds us of the power of homonessboth to disrupt the web of social relations and to offer an alternativeto them. But it also shows us the truly slippery and peculiar logic thatcan accompany any attempt to make that original vision of homo-nessinto a social reality on a large scale.The encounter with Brantley at first repulses Nat in part becauseBrantley has a grotesque appearance, which Nat describes almost homophobically:"a round womanish man of about fifty, with soft plumpwhite cheeks upon which tiny sores and pustules congregated like berriesamid a downy fringe of red hair" (313). In high novelistic fashion,this description of physical repulsiveness functions also to stress the apparentmoral deformity of Brantley's sexual character, for as Nat paraphrasesfrom Brantley's own admission, Brantley has imposed himselfsexually on young boys: "He had been sent to jail once in Carolina. Nowhe was afraid again. Because—He had taken a woman—No! He hesitated,his eyes anxious behind flickering eyelids, a pink flush rising beneaththe pustuled skin. That was wrong. No, he—He had done somethingbad, yesterday, with a boy. The son of a local magistrate. He hadpaid the boy a dime. The boy had told. He thought the boy had told.He wasn't sure. He was afraid" (314). Because Brantley has molested ayoung boy, the dynamic of the sexual encounter resembles the plantation'smore common pattern of domination and submission suggestedin Eppes's attempt to dominate Nat—not the homo-ness of Nat's encounterwith Willis. The exchange of money even seems to replicate temporarilythe economic contract of chattel slavery. Nevertheless, Styronseems to suggest that Brantley's particular form of prédation still counts
" As If Set Free into Another Land" 179as taboo because it falls outside the acceptable forms of white male privilegein slave society. Even though he takes advantage of the child, Brantley'spenchant for boys places him at odds with the hierarchical structureof Virginia society because he still tries to instigate a form of sexualrelations that even the paternalistic culture of slavery cannot accommodate.This deviation from the normative mode of sexual relations consequentlysets him apart from the normative mode of social relations andmakes it possible for Nat both to identify with Brantley as an outlawand to recognize that Brantley might not pose a threat to Nat's visionof a new community.When Brantley breaks down and tells how the white churches havebanished him for being a sodomite, Nat is "suddenly swept away bypity and disgust," and recognizes Brantley's wretched state as a whiteoutcast. He agrees to baptize the man and then speculates about his reasonsfor agreeing: "It may be only that Brantley at that moment seemedas wretched and forsaken as the lowest Negro; white though he mightbe, he was as deserving of the Lord's grace as were others deservingof His wrath, and to fail Brantley would be to fail my own obligationas minister of His word. Besides, it gave me pleasure to know that byshowing Brantley the way to salvation I had fulfilled a duty that a whitepreacher had shirked" (315). As "wretched and forsaken as the lowestNegro," Brantley is already an outlaw who is denied access to the whitenetworks of power and security. No doubt fascinated by the idea thatwhites can exclude other whites from their own community, Nat consequentlydecides to baptize him out of an identification with the desperationof Brantley's status. Although Nat admits that he gets somesatisfaction in doing the job as a "minister of His word" better than a"white preacher," and although he is moved in part by a "pity" that confirmshis own spiritual superiority, he also bases his decision on morealtruistic grounds that fall in line with his identification. Nat is clear thatonly some people deserve "grace" while others deserve "wrath," indicatingthat it is by no means his policy to help people indiscriminately. Natis particular in choosing whom he will help, and he baptizes Brantleyprimarily because he sees Brantley as truly abject and deserving of salvation.And even though his white skin technically makes him superior toNat, his appeal to Nat for help and guidance shows that Brantley actuallydisregards the dominant hierarchies as part of an unjust, oppressive,
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178 Michael P. Biblerhis last hope for salvation (315). Nat finally agrees after some persuasionand thus performs <strong>the</strong> only o<strong>the</strong>r baptism besides his own and Willis'sthat he includes in his confession. This second baptism is extremely significantin that Brantley's oppositional relation to slave society promptsNat to rethink his genocidal vision and decide to spare <strong>the</strong> white manfrom <strong>the</strong> slaughter. And, as Nat sees it, <strong>the</strong> core characteristic that setsBrantley at odds with <strong>the</strong> power structures of society is his sexual identityas a "sotomite." In making this decision, however, Nat seems to misreadBrantley's character deliberately in order to foster an identificationwith him in a way that satisfies Nat's original experience of homo-ness.In <strong>the</strong> novel, Brantley's sexuality resituates homosexuality as crucial toNat's vision of rebellion and at least reminds us of <strong>the</strong> power of homonessboth to disrupt <strong>the</strong> web of social relations and to offer an alternativeto <strong>the</strong>m. But it also shows us <strong>the</strong> truly slippery and peculiar logic thatcan accompany any attempt to make that original vision of homo-nessinto a social reality on a large scale.The encounter with Brantley at first repulses Nat in part becauseBrantley has a grotesque appearance, which Nat describes almost homophobically:"a round womanish man of about fifty, with soft plumpwhite cheeks upon which tiny sores and pustules congregated like berriesamid a downy fringe of red hair" (313). In high novelistic fashion,this description of physical repulsiveness functions also to stress <strong>the</strong> apparentmoral deformity of Brantley's sexual character, for as Nat paraphrasesfrom Brantley's own admission, Brantley has imposed himselfsexually on young boys: "He had been sent to jail once in Carolina. Nowhe was afraid again. Because—He had taken a woman—No! He hesitated,his eyes anxious behind flickering eyelids, a pink flush rising beneath<strong>the</strong> pustuled skin. That was wrong. No, he—He had done somethingbad, yesterday, with a boy. The son of a local magistrate. He hadpaid <strong>the</strong> boy a dime. The boy had told. He thought <strong>the</strong> boy had told.He wasn't sure. He was afraid" (314). Because Brantley has molested ayoung boy, <strong>the</strong> dynamic of <strong>the</strong> sexual encounter resembles <strong>the</strong> plantation'smore common pattern of domination and submission suggestedin Eppes's attempt to dominate Nat—not <strong>the</strong> homo-ness of Nat's encounterwith Willis. The exchange of money even seems to replicate temporarily<strong>the</strong> economic contract of chattel slavery. Never<strong>the</strong>less, Styronseems to suggest that Brantley's particular form of prédation still counts