Perversion the Social Relation
Perversion the Social Relation Perversion the Social Relation
164 Michael P. Biblerso sweet" (204). The initial violence of Nat's response corresponds tothe code of interpersonal behavior established within the slave institution.Although his own master is fairly tolerant, violence neverthelessremains the primary method of control and punishment within slaveryat large, and Nat reiterates the lesson almost perfectly. But his act ofstriking Willis also fosters a painful identification with him on the basisof their shared status at the bottom of the social hierarchy. Himself aslave, Nat cannot assert any real power over Willis by physically correctinghis behavior. The blow's symbolic emptiness thus pairs with Willis'shurt feelings to remind Nat of his own disenfranchisement and pain. Asa result, the scene quickly turns into a description of some other kindof relationship based in this identification—not quite the surrender ofeither man so much as the simple sharing of pleasure between them.Within the hierarchies of the slave plantation, Willis and Nat's equalstatus as black male slaves creates a situation in which their identitiesappear to cancel each other out. Although there are real differences betweenthe men, the cultural nexus of slavery renders those differencesirrelevant because they share the same fundamental relationship to thenetworks of power. Without a significant racial, gender, class, or evenage difference to unbalance the power relation between them personally,and without a narrative voice to infer one, the two men thus sharea moment of homo-ness in which their homosexual union renders theiridentities not only the same, but also virtually interchangeable. In muchthe same way that the institutions of slavery prompt an initial violentresponse from Nat, they also foster the realization and the pleasure ofa profound mutuality and sameness that appear to contradict the logicof violence. This experience of homo-ness paradoxically blurs, and evenseems to eliminate, the very categories of identity that define the twomen because their localized sameness actually neutralizes the axes of differencethat support definition. Moreover, this evacuation of identitiesderives a large part of its power not so much from the simple recognitionof similarity as from the temporary release from the self throughsexual orgasm. Within the act of their mutual masturbation, their identitiesdo not remain distinct, but merge into one, so that the sexual actthey perform on each other becomes an extension and repetition of thesexual acts they have previously performed on themselves. Nat's contactwith Willis represents an extension of both men's selves in the psycho-
"As If Set Free into Another Land" 165logical as well as the physical sense, because they each place the otherin the position of the self— "we did with our hands together what, before,I had done alone." In this way, it is impossible to read the scene asa sign of Nat's emasculation, as early critics wanted to, because Nat'spleasure derives specifically fromthe replication—and not the assertionor surrender—of his own masculinity with another male body.Although the plantation society's constructions of identity initiallyenable Nat's experience of homo-ness, the temporary release both fromthose categories and from the self liberates him, transporting him notonly to a new level of pleasure and satisfaction, but also to a state thatmakes him forget his status as a slave. Describing homo-ness as a kindof emancipation where he feels "as if set free into another land," Natcomes to recognize a new system of relations that aren't governed bythe laws of domination, force, violence, inequality, and ownership thatgovern the "land" of Virginia in which he actually lives. Thus, the temporaryshift into freedom indicates the socially revolutionary potentialof homosexuality. Contrary to the opinions of Styron's critics, homonessis not a sickness or a failure to live up to the dominant constructionsof mainstream identities. And contrary to those who would arguethat gays and lesbians or any other minorities can simply be absorbedinto mainstream society—giving homosexuals or African Americans "aplace at the table," as it were—homo-ness does not simply rearrange theterms of dominant culture or soften their powers to classify, control, andsubjugate individuals through a hierarchy of differences. Instead, homonessinvokes the possibility of taking the power away from those identitiesand terms entirely by creating a new system of relations groundedin sameness and equality. It is a radical disruption of culture that doesmore than simply expose or test the limits of social relations because itoffers a contrary vision of what may lie beyond those limits. Althoughit is largely the product of the plantation's symbolic order, Nat's briefaffair also offers him a glimpse of what may be possible outside of thatsymbolic order. More importantly, the erotic component of homo-nessmakes that brief glimpse fully experiential, for the dissolution of selfnecessarily incorporates the simultaneous dissolution of those terms thatdefine and control him within the plantation. Thus, Styron clearly situatesthis transcendent sexual moment as Nat's most empowering inspirationfor both the idea and the real possibility of slave revolt.
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"As If Set Free into Ano<strong>the</strong>r Land" 165logical as well as <strong>the</strong> physical sense, because <strong>the</strong>y each place <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rin <strong>the</strong> position of <strong>the</strong> self— "we did with our hands toge<strong>the</strong>r what, before,I had done alone." In this way, it is impossible to read <strong>the</strong> scene asa sign of Nat's emasculation, as early critics wanted to, because Nat'spleasure derives specifically from<strong>the</strong> replication—and not <strong>the</strong> assertionor surrender—of his own masculinity with ano<strong>the</strong>r male body.Although <strong>the</strong> plantation society's constructions of identity initiallyenable Nat's experience of homo-ness, <strong>the</strong> temporary release both fromthose categories and from <strong>the</strong> self liberates him, transporting him notonly to a new level of pleasure and satisfaction, but also to a state thatmakes him forget his status as a slave. Describing homo-ness as a kindof emancipation where he feels "as if set free into ano<strong>the</strong>r land," Natcomes to recognize a new system of relations that aren't governed by<strong>the</strong> laws of domination, force, violence, inequality, and ownership thatgovern <strong>the</strong> "land" of Virginia in which he actually lives. Thus, <strong>the</strong> temporaryshift into freedom indicates <strong>the</strong> socially revolutionary potentialof homosexuality. Contrary to <strong>the</strong> opinions of Styron's critics, homonessis not a sickness or a failure to live up to <strong>the</strong> dominant constructionsof mainstream identities. And contrary to those who would arguethat gays and lesbians or any o<strong>the</strong>r minorities can simply be absorbedinto mainstream society—giving homosexuals or African Americans "aplace at <strong>the</strong> table," as it were—homo-ness does not simply rearrange <strong>the</strong>terms of dominant culture or soften <strong>the</strong>ir powers to classify, control, andsubjugate individuals through a hierarchy of differences. Instead, homonessinvokes <strong>the</strong> possibility of taking <strong>the</strong> power away from those identitiesand terms entirely by creating a new system of relations groundedin sameness and equality. It is a radical disruption of culture that doesmore than simply expose or test <strong>the</strong> limits of social relations because itoffers a contrary vision of what may lie beyond those limits. Althoughit is largely <strong>the</strong> product of <strong>the</strong> plantation's symbolic order, Nat's briefaffair also offers him a glimpse of what may be possible outside of thatsymbolic order. More importantly, <strong>the</strong> erotic component of homo-nessmakes that brief glimpse fully experiential, for <strong>the</strong> dissolution of selfnecessarily incorporates <strong>the</strong> simultaneous dissolution of those terms thatdefine and control him within <strong>the</strong> plantation. Thus, Styron clearly situatesthis transcendent sexual moment as Nat's most empowering inspirationfor both <strong>the</strong> idea and <strong>the</strong> real possibility of slave revolt.