Perversion the Social Relation
Perversion the Social Relation Perversion the Social Relation
96 Nina Schwartzbeing staged from any transfiguration, from the loss that would inevitablyfollow its entrance into a larger symbolic order.The song to which the young stripper Christina performs her dancesuggests the fetishistic structure that informs all the characters' strategiesfor dealing with their various losses and traumas. The song is LeonardCohen's "Everybody Knows," which captures precisely the structureof the fetish as Freud and others describe it. 12 As something that standsin for the female's absent penis, the fetish both covers over that absence,thereby protecting the subject from the anxiety it would induce, andsimultaneously testifies to the very absence that it is supposed to belie. Inperversion, the subject holds two contradictory beliefs simultaneouslywithout repressing either. Mannoni accounts for the specificity of disavowalas a response to castration: In this paradoxical form of beliefthat knows better, "desire acts at a distance on conscious material, causingthe laws of the primary process to manifest themselves there: Verleugnung(thanks to which belief survives disavowal) is explained by thepersistence of desire and the laws of the primary process" (80-81). 13In representing its characters to be both operating in accord with adisavowal of what they know to be true and attempting to bring a lostorder into being, Exotica thus elucidates Lacan's theory of the perverseand also suggests both the efficacy and the limitations of a communityorganized around such repetitive restaging. Further, Exotica may alsopermit us to consider how films in general facilitate a similar repetitioncompulsion in mass audiences, staging the pleasurable violations thatcall up a comforting or retributive law with the reassuring implicationthat such a law can be trusted to exist in the world.The film's first image initiates its consideration of how public and privatespaces—and perverse and ordinary experiences—overlap with andinfiltrate one another. The scene is either a static backdrop, such as mightbelong to Exotica the sex club, or a waiting area of an airport: it includesactual palm trees set against a painted background of the same;the images are accompanied by eastern-sounding music, clichéd signifierof the "exotic." 14 The ambiguity of the image's location results froma cut from the backdrop, against which the credits are screened, to thefilm's firstdiegetic moment in which two customs officers look througha one-way mirror at travelers recently returned to Canada. As one agentspeaks to the other, his voice-over links the backdrop to the subsequent
Exotic Rituals and Family Values 97airport scene. That voice thus facilitates the bleeding of what might bethe semi-private club into the official site of governmental surveillance,thereby linking to one another the various kinds of watching—official,pleasurable, obsessional—that take place throughout the film. 15In the film's first spoken words, the older agent waxes philosophical tothe rookie: rather than provide the trainee with a list of material signs ofguile to watch for, the seasoned agent raises an analytic question abouthistory, causality, the derivation of the present from the past. As a meansof determining who might be smuggling, he says, " You have to ask yourselfwhat brought the person to this point. . . . You have to convinceyourself that the person has something hidden that you have to find. Youcheck his bags but it's his face, his gestures that you're really watching."In this remark, the deceptiveness of appearances, and the questionof the past's determination of the present, become analytic challengesto the investigator, both the rookie agent and the film viewer. In fact,though the customs officers don't yet know it, the young man currentlyunder surveillance, exotic pet store owner Thomas (Don McKellar), is atthis moment smuggling rare birds' eggs, strapped to his torso in a mockpregnancy, into Canada. Thomas's examining his own face in a mirrorbehind which the young black customs officer observes him is the firstof many occasions on which characters who imagine themselves to beenjoying a private viewing of self are in fact being observed by another.In the next scene, an irritating young yuppie with whom Thomas hasshared a cab from the airport avoids paying his share of the fare by givingThomas some ballet tickets he's just learned he can't use anyway: it's anobviously uneven exchange, though the passive Thomas seems bemusedrather than resentful. At the moment that the yuppie gets out of the cabacross the street from a strip/dance club called Exotica,' we see a youngwoman, Christina (Mia Kirschner), entering the club, followed by ascene in which the club's DJ, Eric (Elias Koteas), lasciviously introducesanother dancer's act by promising that she will show the spectators "themysteries of her world." The scene then cuts to Thomas at home, unwrappingthe eggs from his body, exposing his own mystery. The followingseveral scenes cut back and forth between shots of Thomas arrivingat the ballet and picking up an attractive single man with his extra ticket,and Christina beginning her act at Exotica, dressed as a schoolgirl, whileFrancis (Bruce Greenwood), a morose-looking man in his forties, stares
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Exotic Rituals and Family Values 97airport scene. That voice thus facilitates <strong>the</strong> bleeding of what might be<strong>the</strong> semi-private club into <strong>the</strong> official site of governmental surveillance,<strong>the</strong>reby linking to one ano<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong> various kinds of watching—official,pleasurable, obsessional—that take place throughout <strong>the</strong> film. 15In <strong>the</strong> film's first spoken words, <strong>the</strong> older agent waxes philosophical to<strong>the</strong> rookie: ra<strong>the</strong>r than provide <strong>the</strong> trainee with a list of material signs ofguile to watch for, <strong>the</strong> seasoned agent raises an analytic question abouthistory, causality, <strong>the</strong> derivation of <strong>the</strong> present from <strong>the</strong> past. As a meansof determining who might be smuggling, he says, " You have to ask yourselfwhat brought <strong>the</strong> person to this point. . . . You have to convinceyourself that <strong>the</strong> person has something hidden that you have to find. Youcheck his bags but it's his face, his gestures that you're really watching."In this remark, <strong>the</strong> deceptiveness of appearances, and <strong>the</strong> questionof <strong>the</strong> past's determination of <strong>the</strong> present, become analytic challengesto <strong>the</strong> investigator, both <strong>the</strong> rookie agent and <strong>the</strong> film viewer. In fact,though <strong>the</strong> customs officers don't yet know it, <strong>the</strong> young man currentlyunder surveillance, exotic pet store owner Thomas (Don McKellar), is atthis moment smuggling rare birds' eggs, strapped to his torso in a mockpregnancy, into Canada. Thomas's examining his own face in a mirrorbehind which <strong>the</strong> young black customs officer observes him is <strong>the</strong> firstof many occasions on which characters who imagine <strong>the</strong>mselves to beenjoying a private viewing of self are in fact being observed by ano<strong>the</strong>r.In <strong>the</strong> next scene, an irritating young yuppie with whom Thomas hasshared a cab from <strong>the</strong> airport avoids paying his share of <strong>the</strong> fare by givingThomas some ballet tickets he's just learned he can't use anyway: it's anobviously uneven exchange, though <strong>the</strong> passive Thomas seems bemusedra<strong>the</strong>r than resentful. At <strong>the</strong> moment that <strong>the</strong> yuppie gets out of <strong>the</strong> cabacross <strong>the</strong> street from a strip/dance club called Exotica,' we see a youngwoman, Christina (Mia Kirschner), entering <strong>the</strong> club, followed by ascene in which <strong>the</strong> club's DJ, Eric (Elias Koteas), lasciviously introducesano<strong>the</strong>r dancer's act by promising that she will show <strong>the</strong> spectators "<strong>the</strong>mysteries of her world." The scene <strong>the</strong>n cuts to Thomas at home, unwrapping<strong>the</strong> eggs from his body, exposing his own mystery. The followingseveral scenes cut back and forth between shots of Thomas arrivingat <strong>the</strong> ballet and picking up an attractive single man with his extra ticket,and Christina beginning her act at Exotica, dressed as a schoolgirl, whileFrancis (Bruce Greenwood), a morose-looking man in his forties, stares