Foliicolous fungi <strong>of</strong> Silent ValleyHosagoudar & Rijubaa14µmdc12µmFigure 68. Meliola wendlandiaea - Appressoriate mycelium; b - Phialides; c - Apical portion <strong>of</strong> themycelial setae; d - Ascosporesdb10µmcFigure 70. Asterina acronychiaea - Appressoriate mycelium; b - Thyriothecium; c - Ascus;d - AscosporesabThe genus Prataprajellac7µmFigure 69. Prataprajella turpiniicolaa - Appressoriate mycelium; b - Phialides; c - Repent perithecialsetae; d - AscosporesdPrataprajella turpiniicola (Hosag.) Hosag., NovaHedwigia 55: 225, 1992; Hosagoudar, Meliolales <strong>of</strong> India,p. 343, 1996 (Fig. 69).Asteridiella turpinnicola Hosag. in Hosagoudar &Goos, Mycotaxon 36: 341, 1989.Colonies amphigenous, mostly hypophyllous, dense,up to 3mm in diameter. Hyphae straight to substraight,branching alternate to opposite at wide angles, looselyto closely reticulate and form an a solid mycelial mat,cells 16–32x8–12 µm. Appressoria alternate, spreading,antrorse, 26–30 µm long; stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate,6–10 µm long; head cells globose, stellately sublobateto lobate, 18–20x16–24 µm. Phialides few, mixed withappressoria, alternate to opposite, ampulliform, 20–24x8–10 µm. Mycelial setae larviform, wavy, goldenbrown, simple, spreading, up to 196µm long and 7–8µm wide, tip obtuse, simple, twisted, few appendageseven longer than 1000µm long; perithecia scattered togrouped, globose, up to 360µm in diameter. Perithecialappendages larviform, straight to curved, twisted,acute to obtuse at the tip, up to 45µm long; ascospores3742<strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Threatened</strong> <strong>Taxa</strong> | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 05 March 2013 | 5(3): 3701–3788
Foliicolous fungi <strong>of</strong> Silent ValleyHosagoudar & Rijuaa10µmdbbc7.5µmFigure 71. Asterina aporusaea - Appressoriate mycelium; b - Thyriothecium; c - Ascus;d - Ascospores10µmfusiform, predominantly 3-septate, constricted at thesepta, 46–56x16–20 µm.Material examined: 13.xii.2003 on leaves <strong>of</strong> Turpiniamalabarica Gamble (Staphyleaceae), Sairandhri, V.B.Hosagoudar et al. HCIO 45639, 45770, TBGT 1384,1519.Colonies were hyperparasitised by Isthmospora sp.AsterinalesThese fungi characterized by the presence <strong>of</strong> externalmycelium; orbicular thyriothecium stellately dehisced atthe centre, elongated or X or Y-shaped thyriotheciumwith central sutures, asci globose to oval.Type family: AsterinaceaeDescription <strong>of</strong> speciesThe genus AsterinaAsterina acronychiae Hosag. & Goos, Mycotaxon 59:150, 1996; Hosag., H. Biju & Appaiah, J. Mycopathol. Res.44: 5, 2006; Hosag., Chandra. & Agarwal, Asterinales <strong>of</strong>Kerala, p. 32, 2011 (Fig. 70).Colonies epiphyllous, dense, crustose, up to 3 mmin diameter, confluent. Hyphae straight to substraight,cFigure 72. Asterina atalantiaea - Appressoriate mycelium; b - Thyriothecium; c - Ascus;d - Ascosporesdbranching opposite at acute angles, loosely reticulate,cells 13–21x 3–7 μm. Appressoria mostly opposite,rarely solitary, unicellular, ovate, oblong, entire, angularto slightly lobate, 6–9x5–8 μm. Thyriothecia scattered,orbicular, up to 132μm in diameter; margin fringed,stellately dehisced at the centre; asci numerous, globose,octosporous, 35–42 μm in diameter ; ascospores brown,conglobate, uniseptate, deeply constricted at theseptum, 20–24x9––12 μm, wall minutely echinulate.Material examined: 6.viii.2008 on leaves <strong>of</strong> Acronychiapedunculata (L.) Miq. (Rutaceae), Walakkad, M.C. Riju &Jacob Thomas TBGT 5547; Sairandhri, 16.ii.2007, Girishet al. TBGT 5633, 5635; on leaves <strong>of</strong> Acronychia sp.,01.iii.2009, M.C. Riju & Jacob Thomas TBGT 4516.Asterina aporusae Hansf., Reinwardtia 3: 129, 1954;Hosagoudar & Agarwal, Indian Phytopath. 56: 98, 2003;Hosag. & Appaiah, J. Mycopathol. Res. 43:168, 2005;Hosagoudar, Chandraprabha & Agarwal, Asterinales <strong>of</strong>Kerala, p. 37, 2011 (Fig. 71).Colonies amphigenous, minute, thin, up to 2mm<strong>Journal</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Threatened</strong> <strong>Taxa</strong> | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 05 March 2013 | 5(3): 3701–37883743