Friedrich_Nietzsche - Untimely_Meditations_(Cambridge_Texts_in_the_History_of_Philosophy__1997)
Friedrich_Nietzsche - Untimely_Meditations_(Cambridge_Texts_in_the_History_of_Philosophy__1997) Friedrich_Nietzsche - Untimely_Meditations_(Cambridge_Texts_in_the_History_of_Philosophy__1997)
Sdwpenhauer as educatorturning inward. But what is it that assails us so frequently, what is thegnat that will not let us sleep? There are spirits all around us, everymoment of our life wants to say something to us, but we refuse to listento these spirit-voices. We are afraid that when we are alone and quietsomething will be whispered into our ear, and so we-hate quietnessand deafen ourselves with sociability.Now and again, as already said, we realize all this, and are amazedat all this vertiginous fear and haste and at the whole dreamlike conditionin which we live, which seems to have a horror of awakeningand dreams the more vividly and restlessly the closer it is to thisawakening. But we fe el at the same time that we are too weak toendure those moments of profoundest contemplation for very longand that we are not the mankind towards which all nature presses forits redemption: it is already much that we should raise our headabove the water at all, even if only a little, and observe what stream itis in which we are so deeply immersed. And even this momentaryemerging and awakening is not achieved through our own power,we have to be lifted up - and who are they who lift us?They are those true men, those who are no longer animal, the philosophers,artists and saints; nature, which never makes a leap, has made its oneleap in creating them, and a leap of joy moreover, for nature thenfeels that for the first time it has reached its goal - where it realizes ithas to unlearn having goals and that it has played the game of lifeand becoming with too high stakes. This knowledge transfiguresnature, and a gentle evening-weariness, that which men call 'beauty',reposes upon its face. That which it now utters with this transfiguredcountenance is the great enlightenment as to the character of existence;and the supreme wish that mortals can wish is lastingly and withopen ears to participate in this enlightenment. If we think of howmuch Schopenhauer for instance must have heard during the courseof his life, then we might well say to ourselves afterwards: 'Alas, yourdeaf ears, your dull head, your flickering understanding, yourshrivelled heart, all that I call mine, how I despise you! Not to be ableto fly, only to flutter! To see what is above you but not to be able toreach it! To know the way that leads to the immeasurable open prospectof the philosopher, and almost to set fo ot on it, but after a fewsteps to stagger back! And if that greatest of all wishes were fu lfilledfo r only a day, how gladly one would exchange for it all the rest oflife! To climb as high into the pure icy Alpine air as a philosopherever climbed, up to where all the mist and obscurity cease and wherethe fundamental constitution of things speaks in a voice rough and159
1'[...Untimely Meditationsrigid but ineluctably comprehensible! Merely to thin k of this makesthe soul infinitely solitary; if its wish were fulfilled, however, if itsglance once fell upon things straight and bright as a beam oflight, ifshame, fear and desire died awaywhat word could then describethe condition it would be in, that new and enigmatic animationwithout agitation with which it would, like the soul ofSchopenhauer,lie extended over the tremendous hieroglyphics of existence, overthe petrified doctrine of becoming, not as the darkness of night butas the glowing light of dawn streaming out over all the world. Andwhat a fate, on the other hand, to sense sufficient of the certainty andhappiness of the philosopher to be able to fe el the whole uncertaintyand unhappiness of the non-philosopher, of him who desireswithout hope! To know oneself a fruit on the tree which can neverbecome ripe because one;s too much in the shadow, and at the sametime to see close at hand the sunshine that one lacks!'There is enough torment here to make a man who is mis-talentedin such a way malicious and envious, if he is capable of malice andenvy at all; probably, however, he will atAast turn his soul in anotherdirection so that it shall not consume itself in vain longing - and nowhe will discover a new circle of duties.Here 1 have arrived at an answer to the question whether it is possibleto pursue the great ideal of the Schopenhauerean man by meansof a practical activity. One thing above all is certain: these new dutiesare not the duties of a solitary; on the contrary, they set one in themidst of a mighty community held together, not by external fo rmsand regulations, but by a fu ndamental idea. It is the fu ndamentalidea of culture, insofar as it sets for each one of us but one task: to promotethe production of the philosophe0 the artist and the saint within us and withoutus and thereby to work at the perfecting of nature. For, as nature needs thephilosopher, so does it need the artist, for the achievement of ametaphysical goal, that of its own self-enlightenment, so that it mayat last behold as a clear and finished picture that which it could seeonly obscurely in the agitation of its evolutionfo r the end, that is tosay, of self-knowledge. It was Goethe who declared, in an arrogantbut profound assertion, that nature's experiments are of value onlywhen the artist finally comes to comprehend its stammerings, goesout to meet it halfway, and gives expression to what all these experimentsare really about. 'I have often said', he once exclaimed, 'and 1shall often repeat, that the causa finalis of the activities of men and theworld is dramatic poetry. For the stuff is of absolutely no other use.'And so nature at last needs the saint, in whom the ego is completely160
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Sdwpenhauer as educatorturn<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>ward. But what is it that assails us so frequently, what is <strong>the</strong>gnat that will not let us sleep? There are spirits all around us, everymoment <strong>of</strong> our life wants to say someth<strong>in</strong>g to us, but we refuse to listento <strong>the</strong>se spirit-voices. We are afraid that when we are alone and quietsometh<strong>in</strong>g will be whispered <strong>in</strong>to our ear, and so we-hate quietnessand deafen ourselves with sociability.Now and aga<strong>in</strong>, as already said, we realize all this, and are amazedat all this vertig<strong>in</strong>ous fear and haste and at <strong>the</strong> whole dreamlike condition<strong>in</strong> which we live, which seems to have a horror <strong>of</strong> awaken<strong>in</strong>gand dreams <strong>the</strong> more vividly and restlessly <strong>the</strong> closer it is to thisawaken<strong>in</strong>g. But we fe el at <strong>the</strong> same time that we are too weak toendure those moments <strong>of</strong> pr<strong>of</strong>oundest contemplation for very longand that we are not <strong>the</strong> mank<strong>in</strong>d towards which all nature presses forits redemption: it is already much that we should raise our headabove <strong>the</strong> water at all, even if only a little, and observe what stream itis <strong>in</strong> which we are so deeply immersed. And even this momentaryemerg<strong>in</strong>g and awaken<strong>in</strong>g is not achieved through our own power,we have to be lifted up - and who are <strong>the</strong>y who lift us?They are those true men, those who are no longer animal, <strong>the</strong> philosophers,artists and sa<strong>in</strong>ts; nature, which never makes a leap, has made its oneleap <strong>in</strong> creat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong>m, and a leap <strong>of</strong> joy moreover, for nature <strong>the</strong>nfeels that for <strong>the</strong> first time it has reached its goal - where it realizes ithas to unlearn hav<strong>in</strong>g goals and that it has played <strong>the</strong> game <strong>of</strong> lifeand becom<strong>in</strong>g with too high stakes. This knowledge transfiguresnature, and a gentle even<strong>in</strong>g-wear<strong>in</strong>ess, that which men call 'beauty',reposes upon its face. That which it now utters with this transfiguredcountenance is <strong>the</strong> great enlightenment as to <strong>the</strong> character <strong>of</strong> existence;and <strong>the</strong> supreme wish that mortals can wish is last<strong>in</strong>gly and withopen ears to participate <strong>in</strong> this enlightenment. If we th<strong>in</strong>k <strong>of</strong> howmuch Schopenhauer for <strong>in</strong>stance must have heard dur<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> course<strong>of</strong> his life, <strong>the</strong>n we might well say to ourselves afterwards: 'Alas, yourdeaf ears, your dull head, your flicker<strong>in</strong>g understand<strong>in</strong>g, yourshrivelled heart, all that I call m<strong>in</strong>e, how I despise you! Not to be ableto fly, only to flutter! To see what is above you but not to be able toreach it! To know <strong>the</strong> way that leads to <strong>the</strong> immeasurable open prospect<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> philosopher, and almost to set fo ot on it, but after a fewsteps to stagger back! And if that greatest <strong>of</strong> all wishes were fu lfilledfo r only a day, how gladly one would exchange for it all <strong>the</strong> rest <strong>of</strong>life! To climb as high <strong>in</strong>to <strong>the</strong> pure icy Alp<strong>in</strong>e air as a philosopherever climbed, up to where all <strong>the</strong> mist and obscurity cease and where<strong>the</strong> fundamental constitution <strong>of</strong> th<strong>in</strong>gs speaks <strong>in</strong> a voice rough and159