Friedrich_Nietzsche - Untimely_Meditations_(Cambridge_Texts_in_the_History_of_Philosophy__1997)
Friedrich_Nietzsche - Untimely_Meditations_(Cambridge_Texts_in_the_History_of_Philosophy__1997) Friedrich_Nietzsche - Untimely_Meditations_(Cambridge_Texts_in_the_History_of_Philosophy__1997)
On the uses and disadvantages of history for lifewithout smiling; for they will call to mind the time whenHartmann's parodistic gospel was listened to, absorbed, attacked,revered, propagated and canonized with all the simple honestyof the 'German mind', indeed with 'the wry earnestness of theowl', as Goethe puts it. But the world must get on, that idealcondition will not be created by dreaming, it must be fo ught andstruggled for, and the path to redemption from that owlish earnestnesslies only through cheerfulness. The time will come when onewill prudently refrain from all constructions of the world-process oreven of the history of man; a time when one will regard not themasses but individuals, who form a kind of bridge across the turbulentstream of becoming. These individuals do not carry forwardany kind of process but live contemporaneously with one another;thanks to history, which permits such a collaboration, they live asthat republic of genius of which Schopenhauer once spoke; onegiant calls to another across the desert intervals of time and, undisturbedby the excited chattering dwarfs who creep about beneaththem, the exalted spirit-dialogue goes on. It is the task of history tobe the mediator between them and thus again and again to inspireand lend the strength for the production of the great man. No,the goal of humanity cannot lie in its end but only in its highestexemplars.Our comedian has, of course, a different point of view, and withthat admirable dialectic which is as genuine as its admirers areadmirable he tells us: 'The concept of evolution is not compatiblewith ascribing to the world-process an infinite duration in the past,since then every conceivable evolution must have already been runthrough, which is not the case (oh rogue!); so likewise we cannot concedeto the process an infinite duration in the fu ture; both wouldannul the concept of evolution towards a goal (rogue again!) andwould make the world-process resemble the Danaides' water-jugs.The complete victory of the logical over the illogical (oh rogue ofrogues!) must, however, coincide with the temporal end of theworld-process, the Last Day.' No, you alert and mocking spirit, aslong as the illogical reigns as it does today, as long, fo r example, asone can speak of the 'world-process' as you speak of it and gainuniversal applause, the Last Day is still far off: fo r it is still too cheerfulon this earth, many illusions still flourish, fo r example the illusionyour contemporaries harbour about you, we are not yet ready to behurled back into your nothingness: for we believe that it will be evenmerrier here once people have begun to understand you, you misunderstoodreader of the unconscious. If, however, disgust should
112Untimely Meditationsnonetheless come with power, as you have prophesied to yourreaders, if your account of your present and future should turn outto be right and no one has despised them with such disgust as youhave - then I am quite willing to vote with the majority, in the fo rmproposed by you, that next Saturday night punctually at twelveo'clock the world shall perish; and our decree shall conclude: fromtomorrow there shall be no more time and the newspapers shallappear no more. But perhaps our decree will have no effect: in thatevent, though, we shall at least have time to perfonn a fine experiment.We shall take a pair of scales and place Hartmann's unconscious onone of them and Hartmann's world-process on the other. There arepeople who believe they will weigh exactly the same: for in each ofthem there would lie an equally bad expression and an equally goodjoke. Once Hartmann's joke has been understood, Hartmann'sexpression 'world-process' will be of no use except as a joke. It has,in fact, for long been high time that the excesses of the historical sense,the immoderate revelling in the process at the expense of being andlife, the senseless displacement of all perq:>ectives, were assaulted byall the militia satirical malice can summon; and it shall always be saidin praise of the philosopher of the unconscious that he was the firstto feel how ludicrous the idea of the 'world-process' is and to makeothers feel it even more strongly by the singular earnestness of hispresentation of it. To what end the 'world' exists, to what end 'mankind'exists, ought not to concern us at all fo r the moment except asobjects of humour: for the presumptuousness of the little humanworm is the funniest thing at present on the world's stage; on theother hand, do ask yourself why you, the individual, exist, and if youcan get no other answer try for once to justify the meaning ofyour existence as it were a posteriori by setting before yourselfan aim, a goal, a 'to this end', an exalted and noble 'to thisend'. Perish in pursuit of this and only this - I know of no betteraim of life than that of perishing, animae magnae prodigus, * in pursuitof the great and the impossible. If, on the other hand, thedoctrines of sovereign becoming, of the fluidity of all concepts,types and species, of the lack of any cardinal distinction betweenman and animal - doctrines which I consider true but deadly -are thrust upon the people for another generation with the ragefor instruction that has by now become normal, no one shouldbe surprised if the people perishes of petty egoism, ossification0:. 'prodigal of a great soul' (Horace, Odes I.xII.38), here employed in the sense'careless of life'.
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112<strong>Untimely</strong> <strong>Meditations</strong>none<strong>the</strong>less come with power, as you have prophesied to yourreaders, if your account <strong>of</strong> your present and future should turn outto be right and no one has despised <strong>the</strong>m with such disgust as youhave - <strong>the</strong>n I am quite will<strong>in</strong>g to vote with <strong>the</strong> majority, <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> fo rmproposed by you, that next Saturday night punctually at twelveo'clock <strong>the</strong> world shall perish; and our decree shall conclude: fromtomorrow <strong>the</strong>re shall be no more time and <strong>the</strong> newspapers shallappear no more. But perhaps our decree will have no effect: <strong>in</strong> thatevent, though, we shall at least have time to perfonn a f<strong>in</strong>e experiment.We shall take a pair <strong>of</strong> scales and place Hartmann's unconscious onone <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m and Hartmann's world-process on <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r. There arepeople who believe <strong>the</strong>y will weigh exactly <strong>the</strong> same: for <strong>in</strong> each <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong>m <strong>the</strong>re would lie an equally bad expression and an equally goodjoke. Once Hartmann's joke has been understood, Hartmann'sexpression 'world-process' will be <strong>of</strong> no use except as a joke. It has,<strong>in</strong> fact, for long been high time that <strong>the</strong> excesses <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> historical sense,<strong>the</strong> immoderate revell<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> process at <strong>the</strong> expense <strong>of</strong> be<strong>in</strong>g andlife, <strong>the</strong> senseless displacement <strong>of</strong> all perq:>ectives, were assaulted byall <strong>the</strong> militia satirical malice can summon; and it shall always be said<strong>in</strong> praise <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> philosopher <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> unconscious that he was <strong>the</strong> firstto feel how ludicrous <strong>the</strong> idea <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> 'world-process' is and to makeo<strong>the</strong>rs feel it even more strongly by <strong>the</strong> s<strong>in</strong>gular earnestness <strong>of</strong> hispresentation <strong>of</strong> it. To what end <strong>the</strong> 'world' exists, to what end 'mank<strong>in</strong>d'exists, ought not to concern us at all fo r <strong>the</strong> moment except asobjects <strong>of</strong> humour: for <strong>the</strong> presumptuousness <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> little humanworm is <strong>the</strong> funniest th<strong>in</strong>g at present on <strong>the</strong> world's stage; on <strong>the</strong>o<strong>the</strong>r hand, do ask yourself why you, <strong>the</strong> <strong>in</strong>dividual, exist, and if youcan get no o<strong>the</strong>r answer try for once to justify <strong>the</strong> mean<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong>your existence as it were a posteriori by sett<strong>in</strong>g before yourselfan aim, a goal, a 'to this end', an exalted and noble 'to thisend'. Perish <strong>in</strong> pursuit <strong>of</strong> this and only this - I know <strong>of</strong> no betteraim <strong>of</strong> life than that <strong>of</strong> perish<strong>in</strong>g, animae magnae prodigus, * <strong>in</strong> pursuit<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> great and <strong>the</strong> impossible. If, on <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r hand, <strong>the</strong>doctr<strong>in</strong>es <strong>of</strong> sovereign becom<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> fluidity <strong>of</strong> all concepts,types and species, <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> lack <strong>of</strong> any card<strong>in</strong>al dist<strong>in</strong>ction betweenman and animal - doctr<strong>in</strong>es which I consider true but deadly -are thrust upon <strong>the</strong> people for ano<strong>the</strong>r generation with <strong>the</strong> ragefor <strong>in</strong>struction that has by now become normal, no one shouldbe surprised if <strong>the</strong> people perishes <strong>of</strong> petty egoism, ossification0:. 'prodigal <strong>of</strong> a great soul' (Horace, Odes I.xII.38), here employed <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> sense'careless <strong>of</strong> life'.