brief - Iran 911 Case

The historic 1993 meeting in Khartoum led to an ongoing series ofcommunications, training arrangements, and operations among Iran and Hizballah and alQaeda. Osama bin Laden sent more terrorist operatives, including Saef al Adel (whowould become number 3 in al Qaeda and its top ―military‖ commander), to Hizballahtraining camps operated by Mughniyah and the IRGC in Lebanon and Iran. Among othertactics, these operatives learned how to bomb large buildings. Ex. 6, Lopez-Tefft Affid.151-52; Ex. 2, Timmerman 2nd Affid. 56-59. Another al Qaeda group traveled tothe Bekaa Valley in Lebanon to receive training in explosives from Hizballah, as well astraining in intelligence and security. 9/11 REPORT, p. 61; see also Ex. 6, Lopez-TefftAffid. 151. Iran‘s Charge d‟Affaires in Khartoum, Sudan, Majid Kamal, an IRGCcommander, coordinated the training expeditions; Kamal had performed the samefunction in Beirut, Lebanon, in the early 1980s during the formation of Hizballah. Ex. 6,Lopez-Tefft Affid. 152. 50 (Appendix I discusses evidence of financial connectionsbetween Osama bin Laden‘s al Shamal Bank and Iran during the mid-1990s. Appendix Jdiscusses evidence of the operation of terrorist training camps by Iran and Hizballah.Witnesses X, Y, and Z all provide additional evidence regarding these terrorist trainingcamps.)The terrorist alliance 51 among Iran, Hizballah, and al Qaeda created in 1991-199650 At the same time, the Muslim cause in Kosovo and Bosnia in the 1990s gave Iran and al Qaeda anopportunity to work together in jihad. See Ex. 6, Lopez-Tefft Affid. 153-57; Ex. 7, Bergman Affid.65. Osama bin Laden and Ayman al Zawahiri both visited the training camps in Albania and Bosniabetween 1994 and 1996. Ex. 6, Lopez-Tefft Affid. 156. Money from al Qaeda arrived throughMuslim charities, while the Iranians channeled money via their embassies in Sarajevo and Vienna; theIranians sent arms shipments through an airfield at Visoko, northwest of Sarajevo. Thousands ofHizballah and mujahedin fighters arrived to fight for the Bosnian Muslims; they were trained by theIRGC, and even today, many mujahedin connected to extremist Islamic organizations across the world,and to Iran, remain in Bosnia. Ex. 7, Bergman Affid. 65-66; Ex. 6, Lopez-Tefft Affid. 155-57.51 An ―informal agreement to cooperate,‖ id., an ―alliance of convenience,‖ Ex. 7, Bergman Affid. 54;Ex. 3, Byman Affid. 39, 41-43; a ―quiet cooperation,‖ or a ―tactical cooperation,‖ Ex. 3, Byman58