Freud_Burlingham_1943_War_and_Children_k_text

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away." Which means at this moment her mindis not troubled by the dangers of badness.These stories only record thoughts of thechildren about one special subject. Their mindsare equally busy with the difficult questions ofdeath, birth, marriage and religion. They evenbecome conscious of the fact that they arethinking.Janet who is always the most explicit, remarkedthe other day: "Whenever I think, Ithink with my head, isn't it funny."184
CONCLUSIONSWhy are wartime nurseries so difficult torun? Do so much more thought, energy andmoney have to be spent on them than seemednecessary in former times?Nursery Schools have always been plannedas extensions of the home. They provide spacewhere the home is overcrowded, safety wherekitchens or streets are dangerous to play in,toys to be handled where family possessionshave to be respected, and attention and interestfrom the nursery teacher where mothers areoverworked and harassed. This was true ofthe proletarian nurseries in Middle Europeand in Russia. In America, on the other hand,where nurseries for the middle classes are noless frequent than elementary schools, they providethe community life for which the childisready, and which the small middle class familyis unable to give.In none of these cases were Nursery Schoolsmeant to substitute for the home, no more thana free milk scheme in schools is meant as asubstitute for home cooked meals, than welfareclinics do away with the need for the mother'scare, or child guidance clinics with the needfor educational efforts on the part of the185
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WAR AND CHILDREN
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COPYRIGHT 194Jy»- ruALL RIGHTS RES
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The Foster Parents' Plan for War Ch
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of children has, therefore, little
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The Nurseries, further, give lodgin
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the significance of air raids. They
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The understanding of catastrophes,
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confused in her mind with the more
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gether in a play-pen will bite each
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fact that the destruction raging in
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them as far as they can understand
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fear in this manner and return, app
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they knew about its wickedness. It
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from danger and put them in surroun
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her mother's lack of fearnot develo
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dren. We have four examples, where
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urged to adapt themselves to a high
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oth qualities in the eyes of its ow
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misfits.They have in their position
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certainly more than the average ine
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Development of the Mother-Relations
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mother also at times when there is
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other people in the world besides i
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pleasure and avoid pain and discomf
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ooms, the position of the beds and
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Both sexes in this manner have thei
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only one main punishment for anybod
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not develop on quite the same lines
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the present. New ties are form Ther
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fine or even make a mental picture
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urn Road after their houses had bee
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i./?being used as bombs. Playing tr
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their pets, which they probably wou
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finite way of demonstrating the sce
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and narcissistic at the beginning o
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caused by neglect; it can, on the o
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tion of aggression due to the examp
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ig or small that loss may be, the f
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The second case, Sylvia, three and
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the destruction which goes on aroun
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with the mother which contains all
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esidential homes these should be si
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The previous part of the book isbas
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AllayingFearEven children whose mot
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their children. They appreciate eve
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street next to the one in which she
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This same state of affairs continue
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went upstairs or downstairs,Patrick
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Blitz in September and October 1940
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ing underneath, tried to drop a hea
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more than a year her junior.Her lat
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whether this was the way in which s
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ditions was too short to make up fo
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or abnormal outcome seems to be the
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somehow included in it and soon bec
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een re-opened,excited much comment
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with an absent love object. We say
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PARENTS AND CHILDRENJune-July 1941S
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older children three and four years
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denied admission but he waited outs
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In addition to the story, he said h
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1which used to belong to his parent
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porch leading down to terraced lawn
Page 138 and 139: Peter, whom he had brought from hom
Page 140 and 141: for them was no shock of any kind.
Page 142 and 143: and a half years of his life and th
Page 144 and 145: the children have not been informed
Page 146 and 147: some patient and careful work tomot
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Page 150 and 151: months thi9 was the period I was in
Page 152 and 153: of our own. This training scheme is
Page 154 and 155: COOKINGSEWINGTwo courses of two-hou
Page 156 and 157: tensive Christmas leave. Brenda, se
Page 158 and 159: mother's relationship remains more
Page 160 and 161: Ronny, seven years old, who takes v
Page 162 and 163: The step taken was the subdivision
Page 164 and 165: to them, reappeared as often as she
Page 166 and 167: April—July 1942CONFLICTING ATTITU
Page 168 and 169: y the doubt and worry whether she h
Page 170 and 171: But even with the best intentions t
Page 172 and 173: weekly and only a few less often. T
Page 174 and 175: The same feelings can also be expre
Page 176 and 177: Her unconscious wish against the ba
Page 178 and 179: ditions of normal family life. When
Page 180 and 181: up all precautions, which means tha
Page 182 and 183: —"Do you remember the first night
Page 184 and 185: When asked why he worried about thi
Page 186 and 187: She says: "Teacher says there are a
Page 190 and 191: parents. All these services were si
Page 192 and 193: I have seen other nursery schools d
Page 194 and 195: The mother relationship of the smal
Page 200 and 201: «MW fee Aarje, keek ms! be krwefc!
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