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the key factors. The combination of control and smuggling in the passive leads to explanationof another puzzle: preservation of the pattern of OC into an adjunct in the passive, where theimplicit Agent pro 1 should block this relation as a more minimal potential antecedent, (cf.10b):(10) a. The boss 1 fired the painter 2 [for PRO 2 drinking on the job]b. The painter 2 was fired [ vP pro 1 [for PRO 2 drinking on the job]]c. [ TP the painter 2 T-was [ VoiceP [ PartP Part [ VP [ VP fired the painter 2 ][for PRO 2drinking on the job]]] Voice [ vP pro 1 [ v’ v PartP]]]]Clearly, once the adjunct is promoted together with the object inside PrtP, the preservation ofobject control is to be expected (cf. 10c).References: Chomsky, N. 1995. The Minimalist Program. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.; Collins, C.2005a. A smuggling approach to the passive in English. Syntax 8: 81-120.; Collins, C. 2005b. A smugglingapproach to raising in English. Linguistic Inquiry 36: 289-298.; Hornstein, N. 2001. Move! A minimalist theoryof construal. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Blackwell. ; Hornstein, N. and M. Polinsky. 2010. Control asmovement. In N. Hornstein and M. Polinsky (eds.), Movement theory of control, 1-41. Amsterdam: JohnBenjamins.; Landau, I. 2001. Control and extraposition: the case of Super-Equi. Natural Language andLinguistic Theory 19: 109-152.; Landau, I. 2010. The locative syntax of experiencers. Cambridge, MA: MITPress.; Starke, M. 2001. Move dissolves into Merge. Ph..D. diss., Geneva, University of Geneva.; van Urk, C.2011. On the syntactic reification of implicit subjects. Paper presented at WCCFL 29, University of Arizona.;Visser, Fredericus Theodoricus. 1973. A historical syntax of the English language. Vol. III.2. Leiden: Brill.
Tipping PointsCharles Yang, University of PennsylvaniaThe human memory is impressively large and capable of storing detailed linguisticinformation. These findings raise important questions for the role of the grammar, aswhat can be stored needn't be computed. But evidence from language acquisition that notonly is the grammar necessary, children are extremely adept at identifying the types oflinguistic patterns (e.g., exceptions and rules) and learning them differently.The main thrust of this work is to develop a calculus (Yang 2005), one which builds onthe third factor of efficient computation (Chomsky 2005), that weighs in on the balancebetween storage and computation. We suggest that grammar/rule emerges at certaintipping points, where the number of rule-following items greatly exceeds the number ofexceptions. The calculation of the tipping point is supported by psycholinguisticevidence, which suggests that exceptions cause delay in the real time computation ofrules. Under very general assumptions, it is possible to derive that a rule/processapplicable to N items can tolerate no more than N/ln(N) exceptions before losingproductivity, i.e. all items are subject to lexicalized storage.We present two classes of evidence to showcase tipping points in language.First, it is well known that 80-90% of English words are primarily stress initial (Cutler &Carter 1987), yet no theories of English metrical stress, or English learning children, treatEnglish as a quantity insensitive system. Transparently, a statistical majority of 80-90%does not guarantee productivity. Through a corpus study of child directed English, weshow that the tipping point model accounts for the developmental stages in metrical stressacquisition, while supporting Halle's theory of English stress (1998).Second, it is instructive to study cases where grammar fails, a most prominent case beingthe so-called "paradigmatic gaps" (e.g., stride-strode-*strode/?*stridden). Gaps emergedue to the absence of productive process, which arises when exceptions exceed thecritical tipping point (N/ln N). We show that several well known inflectional gaps inEnglish, Polish, Spanish and Russian are predictable on purely numerical basis.
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GLOW Newsletter #70, Spring 2013Edi
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INTRODUCTIONWelcome to the 70 th GL
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Welcome to GLOW 36, Lund!The 36th G
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REIMBURSEMENT AND WAIVERSThe regist
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STATISTICS BY COUNTRYCountry Author
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15:45-16:00 Coffee break16:00-17:00
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14:00-15:00 Adam Albright (MIT) and
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17:00-17:30 Anna Maria Di Sciullo (
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16.10-16.50 Peter Svenonius (Univer
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GLOW 36 WORKSHOP PROGRAM IV:Acquisi
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The impossible chaos: When the mind
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17. Friederici, A. D., Trends Cogn.
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Second, tests replicated from Bruen
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clusters is reported to be preferre
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occur (cf. figure 1). Similar perfo
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argument that raises to pre-verbal
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Timothy Bazalgette University of
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. I hurt not this knee now (Emma 2;
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Rajesh Bhatt & Stefan Keine(Univers
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SIZE MATTERS: ON DIACHRONIC STABILI
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ON THE ‘MAFIOSO EFFECT’ IN GRAM
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The absence of coreferential subjec
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PROSPECTS FOR A COMPARATIVE BIOLING
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A multi-step algorithm for serial o
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Velar/coronal asymmetry in phonemic
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On the bilingual acquisition of Ita
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Hierarchy and Recursion in the Brai
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Colorful spleeny ideas speak furiou
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A neoparametric approach to variati
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Lexical items merged in functional
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Setting the elements of syntactic v
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Language Faculty, Complexity Reduct
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Don’t scope your universal quanti
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Restricting language change through
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4. Conclusion This micro-comparativ
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2. Central Algonquian feature hiera
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availability of the SR reading in (
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Repairing Final-Over-Final Constrai
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a PF interface phenomenon as propos
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(b) Once the learner has determined
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cognitive recursion (including Merg
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can be null, or lexically realized,
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feature on C and applies after Agre
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Nobu Goto (Mie University)Deletion
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Structural Asymmetries - The View f
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FROM INFANT POINTING TO THE PHASE:
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Some Maladaptive Traits of Natural
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Constraints on Concept FormationDan
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More on strategies of relativizatio
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ReferencesBayer, J. 1984. COMP in B
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Improper movement and improper agre
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Importantly, while there are plausi
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This hypothesis makes two predictio
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(3) a. Það finnst alltaf þremur
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(2) Watashi-wa hudan hougaku -wa /*
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However when the VP (or IP) is elid
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More specifically, this work reflec
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modality, or ii) see phonology as m
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(I) FWHA The wh-word shenme ‘what
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1The historical reality of biolingu
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Rita Manzini, FirenzeVariation and
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Non-counterfactual past subjunctive
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THE GRAMMAR OF THE ESSENTIAL INDEXI
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Motivating head movement: The case
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Limits on Noun-suppletionBeata Mosk
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Unbounded Successive-Cyclic Rightwa
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Same, different, other, and the his
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Selectivity in L3 transfer: effects
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Anaphoric dependencies in real time
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Constraining Local Dislocation dial
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A Dual-Source Analysis of GappingDa
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[9] S. Repp. ¬ (A& B). Gapping, ne
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Page 152 and 153: Reuland, E. (2001). Primitives of b
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Page 172 and 173: Sam Steddy, steddy@mit.eduMore irre
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