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COMPTUEX/JTFEX EA/OEA Final Chapter 2here a set of military ranges, with the "status quo" environment as a baseline. The preferred alternative,as the proposed action, analyzes greater use of range assets to support training exercises by combiningactivities together to maximize training opportunities. For this reason, the EA's baseline, or no-actionalternative, stands as no change from current levels of training usage.2.4.1.2 Preferred Alternative (Proposed Action)Under the Preferred Alternative, Commander, THIRD Fleet would have the option to conduct twoconcurrent, major range events. While the overall number of major range events depicted in the NoAction Alternative (14 exercises) would not increase, Commander, THIRD Fleet, would have theflexibility to assess two Strike Groups simultaneously which will enhance Navy readiness and support theFleet Response Plan. Concurrent major range events provide: flexibility to respond to surgerequirements; valuable opportunities for joint carrier operations; and enhanced operational capabilities.2.4.2 Evaluation Factors/Screening CriteriaEach of the alternatives must be feasible, reasonable, and reasonably foreseeable in accordance with Navyguidance in OPNAVINST 5090.1B, and CEQ regulations (40 CFR 1500-1508). Reasonable alternativesinclude those that are practical or feasible from the technical and economic standpoint and that usecommon sense.Alternatives were selected based on their ability to meet the following criteria:Provides access to instrumented deepwater range, instrumented air ranges, and class D airspaceProvides large enough area for the number of assets used during these major training exercisesProvides diverse geography to make training realisticMinimizes personnel time away from homeMinimizes logistics lead timeMinimizes aircraft, ship, and equipment "wear and tear" and fuel requirementsProvides a multi-dimensional, multi-threat, real-time environment that stresses all aspects ofnaval operationsAllows Commander, THIRD Fleet to fulfill Title 10 responsibilities2.4.3 Alternatives Eliminated From Further ConsiderationAlternatives considered during preparation of the EA/OEA included the use of alternate locations forconducting the exercises, reducing the number of exercises conducted during the year, and exercisesimulation.2.4.3.1 Alternative COMPTUEX/JTFEX Training LocationsCOMPTUEX/JTFEX training occurs at-sea and at various military training range locations throughoutCalifornia, Arizona and Nevada. The unique nature of the interplay between the SOCAL Range Complexassets, result in support for COMPTUEX/JTFEX at this particular location.There is no other series of integrated ranges that afford this level of operational support andcomprehensive integration for THIRD Fleet major exercises. By use of the SOCAL Range Complexassets, component commanders practice essential skills to examine and prioritize every potential threat,plan and develop tactical courses of action and effectively conduct military operations. There is noduplicative location where land, sea, undersea and airspace assets are controlled by military authoritiesthat allow full play and training by THIRD Fleet operational actors. This location and its supportingoperational environments allow readiness training to be conducted to properly build skills required forFebruary 2007 2-32
COMPTUEX/JTFEX EA/OEA Final Chapter 2deploying naval forces. For this reason, alternative sites do not meet the purpose and need of theproposal, and therefore were eliminated from further study and analysis.Although THIRD Fleet has, in rare instances, conducted COMPTUEXs and JTFEXs at alternate locationsincluding Alaska and Hawaii, these exercises were designed to meet one-time operational requirements.The Southwestern U.S. and SOCAL Operating Areas serve as the primary training area for the majority ofTHIRD Fleet COMPTUEX and JTFEX participants. Using these training areas, which are nearby majorhome port installations, significantly reduces costs associated with:Personnel time away from home. COMPTUEXs and JTFEXs conducted in Hawaii and Alaskacan add up to 2 weeks (transit time) to the length of an exercise.Logistics lead-time. COMPTUEXs and JTFEXs conducted in remote locations require assets tobe staged for the exercise, thereby reducing the already limited time available for equipmentrepair and maintenance activities.Aircraft/ship/equipment “wear and tear” and fuel. Maintenance and fuel costs are directly relatedto the amount of travel time to and from training locations.In addition to the increased costs associated with using remote COMPTUEX and JTFEX locations suchas Alaska and Hawaii, none of the remote training areas provide the full complement of rangeinfrastructure necessary to conduct typical, realistic, coordinated COMPTUEX and JTFEX training. Forinstance, the Alaskan operations area does not have a military range or installation capable of supportingamphibious landings. Moreover, an underwater tracking range that can support ASW and MCM trainingdoes not exist. The Hawaiian operations area does not provide a variety of air-to-ground ranges locatedwithin aircraft STRIKE distance. The lack of multiple STRIKE ranges reduces the exercise planners’ability to adjust mission scenarios should an intended exercise range/target become unusable due toweather, fire, or in the case of other unforeseen circumstances.The factors listed above limit the viability of THIRD Fleet conducting its typical JTFEXs andCOMPTUEXs at alternate locations. Although, specific one-time mission requirements may dictate theuse of remote COMPTUEX and JTFEX training locations in the future, the routine usage of these trainingareas for the major exercises is infeasible and will not be evaluated further in this document.2.4.3.2 Conduct Fewer COMPTUEX/JTFEXsThe actual number of JTFEXs and COMPTUEXs conducted by THIRD Fleet is a function of the numberof CSGs and ESGs that deploy each year as ordered by the National Command Authority. The number ofJTFEXs and COMPTUEXs varies from year to year, based upon the requirement to support FRTPobjectives, but typically averages about seven exercises per year. During a period of increasedinternational tension or in times of war or conflict, deployments would be expected. The inability ofTHIRD Fleet to conduct at least seven JTFEXs and COMPTUEXs per year in the SOCAL OPAREAsand other range facilities in the southwestern U.S. would severely constrain THIRD Fleet from executingits Title 10 responsibilities and the Fleet Response Plan. Therefore, conducting fewer than seven JTFEXsand COMPTUEXs is not considered further.2.4.3.3 Computer Simulation TrainingTraining simulation technologies provide excellent tools for implementing a successful, integratedtraining program while reducing the risk and expense typically associated with military training. Thisalternative would involve using computer simulation to the exclusion of live training to train CSGs andESGs during a COMPTUEX and JTFEX. The Navy and Marine Corps currently use training simulationextensively and COMPTUEXs/JTFEXs make substantial use of virtual and constructive simulation2-33 February 2007
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COMPTUEX/JTFEX EA/OEA Final Chapter 2here a set of military ranges, with the "stat<strong>us</strong> quo" environment as a baseline. The preferred alternative,as the proposed action, analyzes greater <strong>us</strong>e of range assets to support training exercises by combiningactivities together to maximize training opportunities. For this reason, the EA's baseline, or no-actionalternative, st<strong>and</strong>s as no change from current levels of training <strong>us</strong>age.2.4.1.2 Preferred Alternative (Proposed Action)Under the Preferred Alternative, Comm<strong>and</strong>er, THIRD Fleet would have the option to conduct twoconcurrent, major range events. While the overall number of major range events depicted in the NoAction Alternative (14 exercises) would not increase, Comm<strong>and</strong>er, THIRD Fleet, would have theflexibility to assess two Strike Groups simultaneo<strong>us</strong>ly which will enhance Navy readiness <strong>and</strong> support theFleet Response Plan. Concurrent major range events provide: flexibility to respond to surgerequirements; valuable opportunities for joint carrier operations; <strong>and</strong> enhanced operational capabilities.2.4.2 Evaluation Factors/Screening CriteriaEach of the alternatives m<strong>us</strong>t be feasible, reasonable, <strong>and</strong> reasonably foreseeable in accordance with Navyguidance in OPNAVINST 5090.1B, <strong>and</strong> CEQ regulations (40 CFR 1500-1508). Reasonable alternativesinclude those that are practical or feasible from the technical <strong>and</strong> economic st<strong>and</strong>point <strong>and</strong> that <strong>us</strong>ecommon sense.Alternatives were selected based on their ability to meet the following criteria:Provides access to instrumented deepwater range, instrumented air ranges, <strong>and</strong> class D airspaceProvides large enough area for the number of assets <strong>us</strong>ed during these major training exercisesProvides diverse geography to make training realisticMinimizes personnel time away from homeMinimizes logistics lead timeMinimizes aircraft, ship, <strong>and</strong> equipment "wear <strong>and</strong> tear" <strong>and</strong> fuel requirementsProvides a multi-dimensional, multi-threat, real-time environment that stresses all aspects ofnaval operationsAllows Comm<strong>and</strong>er, THIRD Fleet to fulfill Title 10 responsibilities2.4.3 Alternatives Eliminated From Further ConsiderationAlternatives considered during preparation of the EA/OEA included the <strong>us</strong>e of alternate locations forconducting the exercises, reducing the number of exercises conducted during the year, <strong>and</strong> exercisesimulation.2.4.3.1 Alternative COMPTUEX/JTFEX <strong>Training</strong> LocationsCOMPTUEX/JTFEX training occurs at-sea <strong>and</strong> at vario<strong>us</strong> military training range locations throughoutCalifornia, Arizona <strong>and</strong> Nevada. The unique nature of the interplay between the SOCAL Range Complexassets, result in support for COMPTUEX/JTFEX at this particular location.There is no other series of integrated ranges that afford this level of operational support <strong>and</strong>comprehensive integration for THIRD Fleet major exercises. By <strong>us</strong>e of the SOCAL Range Complexassets, component comm<strong>and</strong>ers practice essential skills to examine <strong>and</strong> prioritize every potential threat,plan <strong>and</strong> develop tactical courses of action <strong>and</strong> effectively conduct military operations. There is noduplicative location where l<strong>and</strong>, sea, undersea <strong>and</strong> airspace assets are controlled by military authoritiesthat allow full play <strong>and</strong> training by THIRD Fleet operational actors. This location <strong>and</strong> its supportingoperational environments allow readiness training to be conducted to properly build skills required forFebruary 2007 2-32