Composite Training Unit Exercises and Joint Task ... - Govsupport.us

COMPTUEX/JTFEX EA/OEA Final Chapter 3Traditional Cultural Resources are held by a specific group, most often Native Americans, as beingessential for the persistence and continuity of their traditional culture. Traditional Cultural Resourcesmay consist of archaeological sites, locations of events, or sacred places.COMPTUEX/JTFEX activities would primarily affect terrestrial archaeological sites. Submergedarchaeological sites, primarily shipwrecks, also could be affected. The COMPTUEX/JTFEX activitiestake place primarily offshore or on established inland ranges, so potential impacts on architecturalresources are not a major consideration. Some traditional cultural resources associated with local NativeAmericans have been identified on installations to be used by COMPTUEX/JTFEX activities.3.4.1 Federal RequirementsCultural resources on Federal or Federally-controlled lands are protected by Federal law. Federal lawsand Executive Orders (EOs) applicable to the protection of cultural resources include:National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA)Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA)Native American Graves and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA)EO 13084, Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal GovernmentsUnder NHPA, Federal agencies are required to responsibly manage the cultural resources under theircontrol. Specific management responsibilities are described in Section 106 and Section 110 of NHPA.NHPA also calls for consultation with local Native Americans concerning relevant cultural resourceissues. ARPA established penalties for the theft or damage of archaeological resources from Federallands. NAGPRA regulates and mandates Federal actions concerning Native American human remainsand funerary objects. NAGPRA further codifies Federal consultation procedures with Native Americans,as does EO 13084.For COMPTUEX/JTFEX activities, potentially affected cultural resources include the archaeological,architectural, and traditional cultural resources of the SOCAL OPAREA; including Warning Area 291;San Clemente Island; NB Coronado; and Camp Pendleton.3.4.2 Ocean Areas (Southern California Operating Area)SOCAL OPAREA is a sea range, and therefore does not contain any terrestrial cultural resources. Thereare no architectural resources in the SOCAL OPAREA. No traditional cultural resources have beenidentified in the SOCAL OPAREA.Prehistoric cultural resources in SOCAL OPAREA are likely to be limited to isolated, nearshore artifactslost from Native American watercraft. A large number of historic shipwrecks and downed aircraft arecertain to be present in the SOCAL OPAREA. If present, shipwrecks are likely to be located near thecoast or the offshore islands. Little is known about the number and locations of shipwrecks in the outerportions of the SOCAL OPAREA.A number of literature sources were reviewed to provide information regarding offshore culturalresources. Commercial fishermen and divers at commercial docks in San Diego and San Pedro also wereinterviewed (Pettus et al. 2000). An inventory of submerged historic-period cultural resources included68 submerged sites. Included in the inventory are 35 named shipwrecks, 14 unknown or unidentifiedvessels, 17 aircraft, an anchor, and the scuttled Sea Lab. Of the resources with locations indicated, 22 arewithin the 12 nm (22 km) limit and 7 are outside the limit.February 2007 3-68