Big Game <strong>Hunting</strong>In 2011, a majority <strong>of</strong> hunters, 11.6million, devoted 212 million days tohunting big game including deer, elk,bear, <strong>and</strong> wild turkey. They took 167million trips <strong>and</strong> spent an average <strong>of</strong>18 days hunting big game.Trip <strong>and</strong> equipment expenditures forbig game hunting totaled $16.9 billion.Trip-related expenses were $7.3 billion.Of that amount, food <strong>and</strong> lodgingaccounted for $2.6 billion or 37 percent<strong>of</strong> all trip-related costs. Transportationcosts were $3.4 billion, 46 percent <strong>of</strong>trip costs. Other trip-related expensesamounted to $1.2 billion or 17 percent<strong>of</strong> trip costs.Fifty-seven percent <strong>of</strong> big game-relatedexpenditures were on equipment, whichtotaled $9.6 billion. <strong>Hunting</strong> equipment,which includes firearms, ammunition,bows, <strong>and</strong> arrows, accounted for$3.9 billion or 41 percent <strong>of</strong> all equipment.Purchases <strong>of</strong> auxiliary equipmentsuch as tents <strong>and</strong> binoculars totaled$1.5 billion (16 percent). Special equipmentsuch as campers <strong>and</strong> all-terrainvehicles accounted for $4.1 billion (43percent).Small Game <strong>Hunting</strong>Small game such as rabbits, squirrels,pheasants, quail, <strong>and</strong> grouse was alsopopular with hunters. Just over 4.5million hunters pursued small game fora total <strong>of</strong> 51 million days. They took 43million trips <strong>and</strong> averaged 11 days inthe field hunting small game.These hunters spent $2.6 billion ontrips <strong>and</strong> equipment for small gamehunting. Trip expenditures totaled $1.6billion. Spending on food <strong>and</strong> lodgingwas $658 million or 42 percent <strong>of</strong> tripexpenditures. Transportation coststotaled $686 million or 43 percent <strong>of</strong>small game trip expenses. Other triprelatedexpenditures were $233 millionor 15 percent <strong>of</strong> all trip costs.Equipment expenditures for small gamehunting were $984 million. For thepursuit <strong>of</strong> small game, hunters spent$854 million on hunting equipment(firearms, ammunition, etc.) <strong>and</strong> $85million on auxiliary equipment, 87 <strong>and</strong>9 percent <strong>of</strong> equipment expenditures,respectively.Big GameHunters. ......... 11.6 millionDays ............ 212 millionTrips ............ 167 millionTrips <strong>and</strong> equipmentexpenditures ..... $16.9 billionSource: Tables 1 <strong>and</strong> 18.EquipmentTrip-relatedBig Game Trip <strong>and</strong> Equipment Expenditures(Total expenditures: $16.9 billion)$7.3 billion$9.6 billionSmall GameHunters. .........Days ............Trips ............Trips <strong>and</strong> equipmentexpenditures .....4.5 million51 million43 million$2.6 billionEquipmentTrip-relatedSmall Game Trip <strong>and</strong> Equipment Expenditures(Total expenditures: $2.6 billion)$0.9 billion$1.6 billionSource: Tables 1 <strong>and</strong> 19.24 2011 <strong>National</strong> <strong>Survey</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Fishing</strong>, <strong>Hunting</strong>, <strong>and</strong> <strong>Wildlife</strong>-Associated Recreation U.S. Fish <strong>and</strong> <strong>Wildlife</strong> Service <strong>and</strong> U.S. Census Bureau
Migratory Bird <strong>Hunting</strong>In 2011, 2.6 million migratory birdhunters devoted 23 million days on 21million trips for hunting birds such asdoves, ducks, <strong>and</strong> geese. Hunters averaged9 days pursuing migratory birdsfor the year.Migratory bird-related spending fortrips <strong>and</strong> equipment was $1.8 billion in2011. Of this amount, $942 million wasspent on hunting trips. An estimated$316 million or 34 percent <strong>of</strong> all tripexpenditures were on food <strong>and</strong> lodging,<strong>and</strong> $390 million (41 percent) were ontransportation. Other trip expenses were$235 million (25 percent) <strong>of</strong> the totaltrip-related expenditures for migratorybird hunters.Equipment purchases for migratorybird hunting totaled $866 million in2011. Of this amount, $767 million wasspent on hunting equipment (firearms,ammunition, etc.) <strong>and</strong> $59 million onauxiliary equipment, 89 <strong>and</strong> 7 percent<strong>of</strong> total equipment purchases, respectively.<strong>Hunting</strong> Other AnimalsNearly 2.2 million hunters reportedspending 34 million days on 25 milliontrips pursuing other animals such asgroundhogs, feral pigs, raccoons, foxes,<strong>and</strong> coyotes. They averaged 16 days <strong>of</strong>hunting.These hunters spent $858 million in2011 on trips <strong>and</strong> equipment for thepursuit <strong>of</strong> other animals. Trip-relatedcosts totaled $653 million. Of that, food<strong>and</strong> lodging were $259 million or 40percent <strong>of</strong> all trip costs; transportationwas $324 million, 50 percent <strong>of</strong> tripexpenses; <strong>and</strong> other trip expenses were$70 million, 11 percent <strong>of</strong> all trip costs.Equipment expenditures for huntingother animals totaled $205 million. Forthe pursuit <strong>of</strong> other animals, huntersspent $189 million on hunting equipment(firearms, ammunition, etc.) <strong>and</strong>$6 million on auxiliary equipment, 92<strong>and</strong> 3 percent <strong>of</strong> total equipment expenditures,respectively.Comparative <strong>Hunting</strong> HighlightsIn 2011 big game hunters pursuedbig game an average <strong>of</strong> 18 days on14 trips. Small game hunters pursuedsmall game an average <strong>of</strong> 11 days on10 trips. Migratory bird hunters huntedmigratory birds an average <strong>of</strong> 9 dayson 8 trips. Individuals hunting otheranimals did so an average <strong>of</strong> 16 days on11 trips.Average spending on trips <strong>and</strong> equipmentwas about twice as high for biggame hunting than for any other type<strong>of</strong> hunting. For hunting big game,participants spent an average <strong>of</strong> $1,457for the year. By comparison, spendingon small game hunting by participantsaveraged $568, spending on migratorybird hunting by participants averaged$700, <strong>and</strong> spending on other animalhunting averaged $396.During 2011 trip expenditures for allhunting averaged $762 per hunter, adaily average <strong>of</strong> $37. In pursuit <strong>of</strong> biggame, hunters averaged trip expenditures<strong>of</strong> $627, which was $34 per day.Hunters spent an average <strong>of</strong> $350 whileMigratory <strong>Birds</strong>Hunters. .........Days ............Trips ............Trips <strong>and</strong> equipmentexpenditures .....2.6 million23 million21 million$1.8 billionEquipmentTrip-relatedMigratory Bird Trip <strong>and</strong> Equipment Expenditures(Total expenditures: $1.8 billion)$0.9 billion$0.9 billionSource: Tables 1 <strong>and</strong> 20.Other AnimalsHunters. .........Days ............Trips ............Trips <strong>and</strong> equipmentexpenditures .....Source: Tables 1 <strong>and</strong> 21.2.2 million34 million25 million$0.9 billionEquipmentTrip-relatedTrip <strong>and</strong> Equipment Expenditures for <strong>Hunting</strong> Other Animals(Total expenditures: $0.9 billion)$0.2 billion$0.7 billionU.S. Fish <strong>and</strong> <strong>Wildlife</strong> Service <strong>and</strong> U.S. Census Bureau 2011 <strong>National</strong> <strong>Survey</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Fishing</strong>, <strong>Hunting</strong>, <strong>and</strong> <strong>Wildlife</strong>-Associated Recreation 25
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- Page 8 and 9: ForewordWhen I was growing up, it w
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Table 18. Trip and Equipment Expend
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Table 20. Trip and Equipment Expend
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Table 22. Special Equipment Expendi
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Table 25. Freshwater Anglers and Da
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Table 29. Hunters and Days of Hunti
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Table 33. Hunters Preparing for Hun
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Table 37. Participation in Wildlife
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Table 40. Expenditures for Wildlife
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Table 41. Selected Characteristics
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Table 42. Selected Characteristics
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Table 46. Total Wildlife-Related Pa
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Appendix A.DefinitionsAnnual househ
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State governments (such as State pa
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Appendix B.2010 Participation of 6-
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Table B-4. Most Recent Year of Fish
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Table B-7. Selected Characteristics
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Table B-9. Participation by 6-to-15
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Appendix C.Significant Methodologic
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Table C-1. Major Characteristics of
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Table C-2. Anglers and Hunters by C
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household income in the 2001Survey.
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Table C-4. Comparison of Major Find
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Table C-5. Anglers and Hunters by C
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Appendix D.Sample Design and Statis
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lation 6 to 15 years of age were de
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compute in advance the standard err
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Illustration of the Computation of
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Table D-2. Approximate Standard Err
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Table D-4. Approximate Standard Err
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U.S. Department of the InteriorU.S.