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II. Applications of the Josephson Effect

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R. Gross, A. Marx, and F. Deppe © Wal<strong>the</strong>r-Meißner-Institut (2001 - 2013)<br />

4.1.2 The Voltage State<br />

AS-Chap. 4 - 16<br />

• mechanical analogue: 2 pendula with mass M and length l coupled via twistable bar<br />

- for negligible screening (¯L ¿ 1): rigid bar<br />

relative angle 1 - 2 = 2¼© ext /© 0 fixed by external flux<br />

single combined pendulum with mass 2M, distance from pivot point: l cos(( 1 - 2 )/2)<br />

without torque: pendula reside at ( 1 - 2 )/2<br />

with torque (bias current): combined pendula rotate<br />

I = 0 I > 0

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