Cableways Impact Assessment Study - Final Report - saferail.nl

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IA Study Concerning the Revision of the Cableways Directive is growing in importance, winter tourism continues to be the biggest market for Poma products. In addition, there are over 30 other cableway manufacturers in Europe. All these companies are significantly smaller than Doppelmayr-Garaventa and Leitner-Poma and most of them are likely to be SMEs. These companies are listed in Table 2.22. European Manufacturers of Subsystems and Safety Components In addition, Europe also has a number of manufacturers that supply subsystems and safety components to cableway manufacturers. In some cases, these companies are involved in the process of certification of subsystems and safety components, while in other cases, this may be carried out on their behalf by cableway manufacturers. An indicative (and by no means exhaustive) overview of the numbers of companies involved in manufacturing different subsystems and safety components is given below in Table 2.14. It is of note that these represent very different types of companies, ranging from subsidiaries of cableway manufacturers or of large multinationals to much smaller companies. Where such information is known, it appears that many of these companies are also supplying sectors other than cableways manufacture. Table 2.14: Numbers of Suppliers of Subsystems and Safety Components Subsystem/component Type Number of Companies Cables and cable connections 19 Drives, engines and breaks 16 Mechanical equipment 11 Cabins, seats and drag devices 6 Electrotechnical devices 24 Non-EU Cableway Manufacturers In general, many non-European companies involved in the cableways industry have links to the European manufacturers. For instance, Leitner-Poma was created following the merger of Leitner (of Italy) and Poma (of France) as a joint venture in North America. Leitner-Poma has three sales and services offices across North America (Vermont, Ontario and British Colombia) as well as headquarters in Colorado where design and manufacturing takes place. Leitner-Poma installed over 380 cableways between 1998 and 2008 in North America, New Zealand and Australia (Leitner-Poma, nd). Currently, Leitner-Poma employs 90 people and had an annual turnover of €60 million in 2008 (Le Moci, 2010). Table 2.15 presents a summary of non-EU manufacturers of cableways. Table 2.15: Summary of Non-European Cableways Manufacturers Doppelmayr (North America) Leitner-Poma (North America) Page 16
Risk & Policy Analysts Table 2.15: Summary of Non-European Cableways Manufacturers Harusch Lifts (Canada) Sistem Teleferik (Turkey) Usha Breco (India) RITES (India) Kropivnik (India) Damodar (India) Breco Ropeways (India) Ganpati (India) Nippon Cable (Japan) Anzen Sakudo (Japan) ISB Ingenieria de Montaña (Argentina) HIM Cableways (India) 2.3.2 Size Distribution of Cableways Manufacturers Large Companies As noted earlier, the principal European companies which are active in the global industry are Doppelmayr-Garaventa (market leader), Leitner and Poma. These companies dominate the European and global cableways industries, currently accounting for 90% of the global industry. This dominance is partly secured by existing intellectual property, technical capability and manufacturing capacity (O’Connor and Dale, 2011). The following tables 4 show the mergers, acquisitions and market exits which have taken place over the last 30 – 40 years. These tables show that around 50 European companies 5 may have been subject to mergers and acquisitions over the past 40 years or so while over 20 European companies exited the market. While it is not possible to determine what proportion of these were SMEs (information on turnover of companies that are no longer active is generally not available), it can be reasonably assumed (and indeed there are some indications to that effect) that many of these companies were SMEs. Table 2.22 then provides an overview of cableway manufacturers that are still active (other than those that are part of the Doppelmayr- Garaventa Group or the Leitner-Poma Group). This table indicates that that in total there are around 35 cableway manufacturers left in Europe (this includes Norway, Switzerland and Turkey), the vast majority of which appear to be SMEs. It can thus be concluded that the high levels of mergers, acquisitions and market exits have resulted in a high degree of market consolidation, with a limited number of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) occupying very small market shares. This view is also shared by EC (2011). 4 5 These tables are based on a large number of sources, including Bergbahnen (nd). Please note that this includes Swiss companies. Page 17
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