instrumental techniques applied to mineralogy and geochemistry

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12 Elisabetta Mariani et al number of rock forming minerals of different crystal symmetry including calcite, quartz, feldspars, pyroxenes, amphiboles and many others. The good EBSD results obtained for calcite and quartz (>78% successful indexing and statistical significance resulting from full automation) have allowed focussing on the detailed study of microstructural features and dauphine twin boundaries in quartz and curved twin boundary in calcite that cannot be recognised using the optical microscope. A case study is reported below. Detailed EBSD analyses of cold-worked and then statically recrystallized Carrara marble show that, although little or no variation of the lattice preferred orientation (LPO) is observed throughout a wide range of testing conditions, significant microstructural changes have occurred (see pattern quality maps and pole figures in Fig. 1 a, b and c) (Mariani work in progress). In order to reconcile these observations we investigate textural evolution locally, within the microstructure. Strain free, incipient lattice nuclei form during the initial deformation and subsequently develop, during annealing, predominantly along existing grain boundaries and deformation twin lamellae. The newly formed grains preserve LPOs similar to those of the pre-existing grains. They also show high angle misorientation relationships to their parent grains and twin lamellae. Recurrent misorientation angles of ~ 30°, 60° and 90° are interpreted to be generated by initial subgrain rotation recrystallization, followed by grain boundary migration, of both parent and deformation twin grain boundaries. Thus twin boundaries play an important role in both the static and dynamic recrystallization behaviour of some rock-forming minerals and should be accounted for in microphysical models of recrystallization.
Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) in the SEM: applications to microstructures in minerals and rocks and recent technological advancements 13 FIGURE 1. Lattice preferred orientations (LPOs) (pole figures on the right) and microstructural variations (pattern quality maps on the left) as a function of annealing period, a) 13 h, b) 38 h and c) 5 days, in cold-worked and then statically recrystallized Carrara marble. Calcite c-axes are aligned perpendicular to the stress direction (horizontal). Little variation of the LPO is observed. However, EBSD show that significant microstructural changes have occurred.
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