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Silicon-based solar cells Characteristics and production processes ...

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Table of contents:<br />

Project .................................................................................................................... 1<br />

1. Photovoltaics in the world – base materials <strong>and</strong> their producers ................... 5<br />

2. Crystalline silicon <strong>cells</strong> ...................................................................................... 14<br />

2.1 Photovoltaic effect – <strong>solar</strong> cell’s current <strong>and</strong> voltage ............................... 14<br />

2.2 Reflection <strong>and</strong> absorption of electromagnetic radiation .......................... 18<br />

2.3 Series <strong>and</strong> parallel resistance of the cell .................................................... 21<br />

2.4 Generation <strong>and</strong> recombination of charge carriers <strong>and</strong> quantum<br />

efficiency of the cell ................................................................................... 23<br />

2.5 Construction <strong>and</strong> <strong>production</strong> process of crystalline silicon <strong>solar</strong> <strong>cells</strong> ...... 27<br />

2.6 Directions of silicon <strong>solar</strong> cell development ............................................. 42<br />

3. Thin-layer <strong>cells</strong> <strong>and</strong> modules ........................................................................... 47<br />

4. Photovoltaic modules ....................................................................................... 50<br />

5. Photovoltaic systems ........................................................................................ 53<br />

6. Economical aspects of photovoltaics ............................................................... 57<br />

7. Summary .......................................................................................................... 62<br />

References .............................................................................................................. 64

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