Scandinavian history in the Viking age - Department of Anglo-Saxon ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Scandinavian History in the Viking Age Christianity in Scandinavia during the missionary phase. A chief source for such studies is runic inscriptions, for which see (L165 ff.). For other equally interesting but secular loanwords cf. (C205 ff.). [L180] B. Kahle, ‘Die altnordische Sprache im Dienste des Christentums. 1. Teil: Die Prosa’, Acta germanica 1 (1890), 305-441 [UL Q775.c.4.1] [L181] C.-E. Thors, Den kristna terminologien i fornsvenskan, Studier i nordisk filologi 45 (1957) [UL 779.c.63.21] [L182] E. Walter, Lexikalisches Lehngut im Altwestnordischen: Untersuchungen zum Lehngut im ethisch-moralischen Wortschatz der frühen lateinisch-altwestnordischen Übersetzungslitteratur, Abhandlungen der sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, phil.-hist. Klasse 96:2 (1976) [UL P500.b.15.66] [L183] S. Hellberg, ‘Tysk eller engelsk mission? Om de tidiga kristna lånorden’, MM 1986, 42-49 The early Church [L190] The Church was developing in Scandinavia at precisely the time of one of the periods of greatest change in mediaeval ecclesiastical history. A pivotal figure was pope Gregory VII (in office 1073 to 1085), who undertook reform in many areas, not only to combat abuses such as simony or clerical noncelibacy, but also to counter the practice of secular rulers appointing bishops and other prelates; the socalled ‘investiture controversy’. The efforts of such popes to gain support from the Scandinavian kings has left a moderate amount of interesting correspondence between the papacy and Denmark in particular; for letters of Gregory VII in translation, see (B745b):67-68 for Sven Estrithsen (1075), 136-37 for Olaf kyrri (1078), 184-85 for the kings of the West Götar (c. 1081); the two papal letters to Norwegian kings from the late eleventh century can also be found with Norw. transl. in E. Vandvik, Latinske dokument til norsk historie fram til år 1204 (1959) [UL 593:2.c.95.2]. The general handbooks for each country in (D- H) are always worth referring to for ecclesiastical history, especially those which cover the early mediaeval period [L191] K. Ottosen, A short history of the churches of Scandinavia (1986) [UL 9100.d.11391] [L192] T. Nyberg, Die Kirche in Skandinavien: mitteleuropäischer und englischer Einfluss im 11. und 12. Jahrhundert; Anfänge der Domkapitel Børglum und Odense in Dänemark, Beiträge zur Geschichte und Quellenkunde des Mittelalters 10 (1986) [UL 532:01.c.23.10]; see in particular 11-78 on the early Church [L193] H.E.J. Cowdrey, Pope Gregory VII 1073-1085 (1998) [Seeley]; see 454-59 in particular for Scandinavia [L194] H.E.J. Cowdrey, ‘The Gregorian reforms in the Anglo-Norman lands and in Scandinavia’, Studii Gregoriani 13 (1989), 187-219 On the distinctive development of the Church in the Scandinavian colonies in the North Atlantic: [L195] J.L. Byock, ‘The power and wealth of the Icelandic church: some talking points’, (A61f):89-101 [L196] C.D. Morris, ‘Church and monastery in Orkney and Shetland: an archaeological perspective’, (O76):185-206 [L197] C.D. Morris, ‘From Birsay to Brattahlíð: recent perspective on Norse Christianity in Orkney, Shetland and the North Atlantic region’, (O89):177-95 Ecclesiastical organisation The development of ecclesiastical organisation in Scandinavia is really a twelfth-century phenomenon that can only be seriously traced through reference to sources that fall outside the scope of this bibliography. It is nevertheless of crucial importance for understanding the transformation of society brought about by the conversion; a good initial guide can be found in (A35) chap. 5: ‘Christianization and church organization’. [L200] K. Helle, ‘The organisation of the twelfth-century church in Norway’, (I163):46-55 [L201] P. Sawyer, ‘The organization of the church in Scandinavia after the missionary phase’, (L95):480-87 [L202] L. Abrams, ‘Eleventh-century missions and the early stages of ecclesiastical organisation in Scandinavia’, ANS 17 (1994), 21-40 119
Scandinavian History in the Viking Age [L203] M. Anglert, Kyrkor och herravälde: från kristnande till sockenbildning i Skåne, Lund studies in medieval archaeology 16 (1995) [UL 1999.9.4161] (E.s.); a wider study of Skåne than the title suggests [L204] A.C. Bonnier, ‘Kyrkor, dopfuntar och gravmonument’, (L63):181-214 (E.s.) [L205] S. Brink, ‘New perspectives on the christianisation of Scandinavia and the organisation of the early Church’, (O89):163-75 Episcopal organisation [L210] The earliest ‘bishoprics’ are recorded in tenth-century Denmark, see (B730): I,411 and II,440-41 for charters of Otto I (965) and Otto III (988) freeing the Danish bishoprics from duties; the first document lists three bishops, of Sleswig, Ribe, and Århus, and the second adds Odense. These bishoprics are however likely to have been little more (or perhaps not even as much as) missionary centres, and the same applies to most episcopal centres in eleventh-century Scandinavia For useful catalogues of bishops with biographical notes see: [L211] O. Kolsrud, ‘Den norske Kirkes Erkebiskoper og Biskoper indtil Reformationen’, (B720) XVII:B Tillæg (1913), 177-360 [UL 593:1.c.85.18b] [L212] H. Kluger, (ed.), Series episcoporum ecclesiae catholicae occidentalis ab initio usque ad annum MCXCVIII, series VI: Britannia, Scotia et Hibernia, Scandinavia, II: Archiepiscopatus Lundensis (1992) [UL R100.18]; very useful survey of the history of Lund and its Danish bishoprics, with individual biographies and many references, but in Latin For actual specific studies: [L213] P. King, ‘The cathedral priory of Odense in the middle ages’, SBVS 16 (1962-65), 192-214 [L214] A.E. Christensen, ‘Archbishop Asser, the Emperor and the Pope: the first archbishop of Lund and his struggle for the independence of the Nordic church’, SJH 1 (1976), 25-42 [L215] A.O. Johnsen, ‘“Siwardus episcopus ubsallensis”: om den første biskop i Uppsala’, KÅ 1981, 29- 38 (E.s.) [L216] G. Smedberg, ‘Uppsala stifts äldsta historia’, KÅ 1983, 58-77 (E.s.) [L217] A. Bergqvist, ‘The papal legate: Nicholas Breakspear’s Scandinavian mission’, Adrian IV, the English pope (1154-1159), edd. B. Bolton and A. J. Duggan (2003), 41-48. [L218] K. Eliasen, ‘Oversigt over det færøske bispesædes historie’, FSR 43 (1995), 11-21 Early churches and parishes [L220] The earliest churches seem frequently to have been large central foundations, often on royal land, designed to serve as missionary bases. When churches begin to appear in the late eleventh century on a more local basis, they often seem to involve a deal of continuity with earlier cult-sites (cf. (K125 ff., L11)), which seems to reflect the practices of major landowners establishing new religious centres on their own land. Many of these foundations seem accordingly to have been private churches or chapels, and a full parish system could not develop until the development of the tithe, which was gradually introduced into the various parts of Scandinavia at the end of the eleventh but mostly during the twelfth century [L221] O. Ferm and S. Rahmqvist, ‘Stormannakyrkor i Uppland under äldre medeltid’, Studier i äldre historia tillägnade Herman Schück 5/4 1985, ed. R. Sandberg (1985), 67-83 [UL 592:1.c.95.25] [L222] P. Sawyer, ‘Dioceses and parishes in twelfth-century Scandinavia’, (I163): 36-45 [L223] S. Brink, Sockenbildning och sockennamn: studier i äldre territoriell indelning i Norden, Studier till en svensk ortnamnsatlas 14, Acta Academiae Regiae Gustavi Adolphi 57 (1990) [UL 498:01.c.2.13] (E.s.) [L224] O. Ferm, (ed.), Kyrka och socken i medeltidens Sverige, Studier till det medeltida Sverige 5 (1991) [UL 595:01.c.13.1005] [L225] J. Sandnes, ‘Middelalderens Trøndelag: den kirkelige organisasjon i landsdelen, fylkeskirker, sognekirker, klostre’, Hikuin 20 (1993), 105-12 [L226] S. Brink, ‘Tidig kyrklig organisation i Norden: aktörerna i sockenbildningen’, (L63):269-90 (E.s.) 120
Page 1 and 2:
Scandinavian History in the Viking
Page 3 and 4:
ASNC GUIDES, TEXTS, AND STUDIES 2 S
Page 5 and 6:
SCANDINAVIAN HISTORY IN THE VIKING
Page 7 and 8:
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74: Scandinavian History in the Viking
Page 123: Scandinavian History in the Viking
Page 153: Scandinavian History in the Viking
show all

Scandinavian history in the Viking age - Department of Anglo-Saxon ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?