Scandinavian history in the Viking age - Department of Anglo-Saxon ...
Scandinavian history in the Viking age - Department of Anglo-Saxon ...
Scandinavian history in the Viking age - Department of Anglo-Saxon ...
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
<strong>Scand<strong>in</strong>avian</strong> History <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> Vik<strong>in</strong>g Age<br />
The Vik<strong>in</strong>g colonies<br />
The fate <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Vik<strong>in</strong>gs abroad is <strong>of</strong> great comparative <strong>in</strong>terest, not least because <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> apparent ease<br />
with which many communities accepted Christianity. In addition, it might well be assumed that converts<br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> British isles <strong>in</strong> particular played a role <strong>in</strong> spread<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> new faith back across <strong>the</strong> North sea.<br />
The British isles and Ireland<br />
[L85] D. Whitelock, ‘The conversion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> eastern Danelaw’, SBVS 12 (1937-45), 159-76<br />
[L86] D. Wilson, ‘The Vik<strong>in</strong>gs’ relationship with Christianity <strong>in</strong> nor<strong>the</strong>rn England’, Journal <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
British Archaeological Association 30 (1967), 37-46<br />
[L87] D.M. Hadley, ‘The Vik<strong>in</strong>gs’ relationship with Christianity reconsidered’, (O78):59-76<br />
[L88] L.J. Abrams, ‘The conversion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Scand<strong>in</strong>avian</strong>s <strong>of</strong> Dubl<strong>in</strong>’, ANS 20 (1997), 1-29<br />
[L89] J. Jesch, ‘<strong>Scand<strong>in</strong>avian</strong>s and ‘cultural paganism’ <strong>in</strong> later <strong>Anglo</strong>-<strong>Saxon</strong> England’, The Christian<br />
tradition <strong>in</strong> <strong>Anglo</strong>-<strong>Saxon</strong> England. Approaches to current scholarship and teach<strong>in</strong>g (2004), 55-68<br />
[ASNC]<br />
Russia<br />
Although <strong>the</strong> conversion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Rus’ cannot really be conceived <strong>of</strong> as reflect<strong>in</strong>g a Vik<strong>in</strong>g response to<br />
Christianity, <strong>the</strong> declaration <strong>of</strong> public conversion by Vladimir <strong>in</strong> 988 is <strong>of</strong> particular comparative <strong>in</strong>terest,<br />
<strong>in</strong> that <strong>in</strong> terms <strong>of</strong> chronology and probable motivation it is strik<strong>in</strong>gly similar to royal policy <strong>in</strong><br />
Scand<strong>in</strong>avia itself <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> late tenth and early eleventh centuries.<br />
[L90] L. Müller, Die Taufe Russlands: die Frühgeschichte des russischen Christentums bis zum Jahre<br />
988, Quellen und Studien zur russischen Geistesgeschichte 6 (1987) [UL 62:57.c.95.40]<br />
[L91] Y.N. Shchapov, State and church <strong>in</strong> early Russia: 10th-13th centuries, transl. V. Schneierson<br />
(1993) [UL 586:3.c.95.104]<br />
[L92] J. Fennell, A <strong>history</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Russian church to 1448 (1995) [UL 67:7.c.95.173]<br />
A fur<strong>the</strong>r series <strong>of</strong> conferences held to celebrate <strong>the</strong> conventional date <strong>of</strong> 988 for Vladimir’s <strong>in</strong>troduction<br />
<strong>of</strong> Christianity <strong>in</strong>to Kievan Russia conta<strong>in</strong> a spr<strong>in</strong>kl<strong>in</strong>g <strong>of</strong> <strong>in</strong>terest<strong>in</strong>g articles:<br />
[L94] K.C. Felmy et al., (edd.), Tausend Jahre Christentum <strong>in</strong> Rußland: zum Millenium der Taufe der<br />
Kiever Rus’ (1988) [UL 67:7.c.95.145]<br />
[L95] O. Pritsak and I. Sevcenko, (edd.), Proceed<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> International Congress commemorat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong><br />
millenium <strong>of</strong> Christianity <strong>in</strong> Rus’-Ukra<strong>in</strong>e, Harvard Ukra<strong>in</strong>ian Studies 12-13 (1988-89) [UL<br />
P586.c.146.11], <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g: O. Pritsak, ‘At <strong>the</strong> dawn <strong>of</strong> Christianity <strong>in</strong> Rus’: East meets West’, 87-113; A.<br />
Poppe, ‘Two concepts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> conversion <strong>of</strong> Rus’ <strong>in</strong> Kievan writ<strong>in</strong>gs’, 488-504; H. Birnbaum, ‘When and<br />
how was Novgorod converted to Christianity?’, 505-30<br />
[L96] H. Goltz et al., (edd.), Tausend Jahre Taufe Rußlands, Rußland <strong>in</strong> Europa: Beiträge zum<br />
<strong>in</strong>terdiszipl<strong>in</strong>ären und ökumenischen Symposium <strong>in</strong> Halle (Saale), 13.-16. April 1988 (1993) [UL<br />
67:7.c.95.177]<br />
Missionary activity<br />
One <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most frustrat<strong>in</strong>g aspects <strong>of</strong> study<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> conversion <strong>of</strong> Scand<strong>in</strong>avia is <strong>the</strong> lack <strong>of</strong> sources<br />
detail<strong>in</strong>g <strong>the</strong> activities and methods <strong>of</strong> missionaries; only Rimbert’s life <strong>of</strong> Anskar (B72) really comes<br />
close, and this deals only with <strong>the</strong> very earliest missions that <strong>in</strong> many ways can be seen as<br />
unrepresentative <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> later, more formal, phase <strong>of</strong> conversion. Comparative material from <strong>the</strong> <strong>Anglo</strong>-<br />
<strong>Saxon</strong> missionaries <strong>in</strong> Germany is <strong>of</strong>ten <strong>in</strong>terest<strong>in</strong>g, see (B81). On <strong>the</strong> practice <strong>of</strong> ‘primesign<strong>in</strong>g’, see:<br />
[L100] Å. Sandholm, Primsign<strong>in</strong>gsriten under nordisk medeltid, Acta Academiae Aboensis A:<br />
Humaniora 29:3 (1965) [UL P500.c.165.27]<br />
And on missionary methods more generally:<br />
[L101] R. Sullivan, ‘The Carol<strong>in</strong>gian missionary and <strong>the</strong> pagan’, Speculum 28 (1953), 705-40; for this<br />
and fur<strong>the</strong>r studies, see also <strong>the</strong> collection <strong>of</strong> repr<strong>in</strong>ted articles <strong>in</strong> R.E. Sullivan, Christian missionary<br />
activity <strong>in</strong> <strong>the</strong> early Middle <strong>age</strong>s, Variorum collected studies series 431 (1994) [UL 165:3.c.95.65]<br />
[L102] I. Wood, The missionary life: sa<strong>in</strong>ts and <strong>the</strong> evangelisation <strong>of</strong> Europe 400-1050 (2002) [UL<br />
62:1.c.200.4]<br />
115