Key findings from the 2009 New Zealand ... - Ministry of Health

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Chapter 3: Smoking in New Zealand This chapter covers the supply of tobacco, daily smoking and tobacco-attributable mortality over time. Many of the data reported in this chapter are from sources other than the 2009 NZTUS. Supply of tobacco In New Zealand, estimation of the tobacco supply is based on both the annual tobacco products released for consumption and the annual tobacco returns. The annual tobacco products released for consumption include the amount of manufactured (tailor-made) cigarettes and loose tobacco, imported or locally manufactured for sale in New Zealand, on which duty has to be paid. This information is reported annually by Statistics New Zealand. The annual tobacco returns identify the amount of tobacco products, including manufactured and loose tobacco, sold to retailers each year. As required by the Smoke-free Environments Act 1990, the returns are reported to the Director-General of Health annually by individual tobacco product manufacturers. When converting quantities of loose tobacco to the equivalent numbers of manufactured cigarettes, the standard measure used in this report was one gram of tobacco is equivalent to one manufactured cigarette. 5 Actual consumption can only be inferred from the supply of tobacco in New Zealand. The supply is reported per capita to minimise the effect of the increasing population. The amount of tobacco products per person aged 15 years and over available for consumption in New Zealand in 2009 decreased compared with the previous year (Figure 1). The total cigarettes and cigarette equivalents available per capita decreased by 5% from 2008 to 2009. There was a 5.8% decrease in the number of manufactured cigarettes per capita available and a 2.8% decrease in the number of cigarette equivalents of loose tobacco (one gram of loose tobacco = one cigarette) available per capita. 5 It has been argued that this standard for conversion from tobacco to cigarette equivalents may underestimate the true cigarette numbers. The equivalent may be as low as 0.5 grams (Laugesen 2009). 10 Tobacco Use in New Zealand
Figure 1: Annual number of tobacco products available for consumption in New Zealand per capita (15+ years), 1999–2009 1600 Cigarettes/equivalents per capita Loose tobacco cigarette equivalents per capita 1400 Manufactured cigarettes per capita Total cigarettes and cigarette equivalents per capita 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year Source: Statistics New Zealand 2009 Notes: 1 One cigarette equivalent equals one manufactured cigarette or one gram of loose tobacco. 2 Quantities of loose tobacco and manufactured cigarettes are based on the annual tobacco products released and annual tobacco returns. Daily smoking A daily smoker is defined as someone who has smoked more than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime and currently smokes at least once a day. In this report, smoking refers to the use of cigarettes, roll-your-own tobacco, cigars and pipes. There has been a significant decrease in daily smoking in New Zealand since 1996/97 (Figure 2). In 2009, 19.2% of New Zealanders aged 15–64 years were daily smokers, after adjusting for age. This latest daily smoking rate confirms the continuation of the general downward trend in the rate of daily smoking since 1976 (35.6% for those aged 15 years and over), when the Census first measured daily smoking. Tobacco Use in New Zealand 11
Page 1 and 2: Tobacco Use in New Zealand Key find
Page 3: Authors This report was prepared on
Page 6 and 7: Chapter 7: Smoker Regret and Quitti
Page 8 and 9: List of Figures Figure 1: Annual nu
Page 10 and 11: Figure 51: Received the ABC approac
Page 12 and 13: Key Points Current smoking in New Z
Page 14 and 15: Of Pacific smokers who made a recen
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1: Introduction This report
Page 19 and 20: Total response ethnicity Ethnicity
Page 21 and 22: For example, the survey only covere
Page 23 and 24: questions asked of these groups. Gi
Page 25: Rate ratio graphs The rate ratio gr
Page 29 and 30: Figure 3: Annual number of deaths a
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 4: Current Smoking A curren
Page 33 and 34: Current smoking, by ethnic group Ta
Page 35 and 36: Current smoking, by neighbourhood d
Page 37 and 38: For Māori, there was no change in
Page 39 and 40: Māori youth were more than twice a
Page 41 and 42: Time trends in current smoking in y
Page 43 and 44: Chapter 5: Type of Cigarette Consum
Page 45 and 46: Figure 14: Roll-your-own cigarette
Page 47 and 48: Time trends in roll-your-own cigare
Page 49 and 50: Manufactured cigarette consumption
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Page 53 and 54: Time trends in manufactured cigaret
Page 55 and 56: Type of cigarette consumption in yo
Page 57 and 58: Source of cigarettes/tobacco produc
Page 59 and 60: Chapter 7: Smoker Regret and Quitti
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Page 75 and 76: Use of the Quitline The National Qu
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Use of nicotine replacement therapy
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3. Age standardised to the WHO worl
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Preferred choice of services and pr
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Use of the ABC approach by health c
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Figure 45: Asked smoking status by
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Provided with quitting advice and r
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Received the ABC approach from a he
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Received the ABC approach from a he
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Asked smoking status by a general p
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Asked smoking status by a general p
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For Māori, the age-standardised pr
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Figure 60: Received the ABC approac
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Time trends in receiving the ABC ap
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Chapter 10: Exposure to Second-hand
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Figure 65: Exposure to second-hand
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Exposure to second-hand smoke at ho
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Exposure to second-hand smoke at ho
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Exposure to second-hand smoke in th
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Exposure to second-hand smoke in th
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Figure 72: Exposure to second-hand
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Chapter 11: Discussion The 2009 NZT
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A further limitation is that differ
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P-value Prevalence Quintile Recent
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References Ahmad O, Boschi-Pinto C,
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Key findings from the 2009 New Zealand ... - Ministry of Health

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