Web-economic-crisis-health-systems-and-health-web
Web-economic-crisis-health-systems-and-health-web Web-economic-crisis-health-systems-and-health-web
Country profiles of health system responses to the crisis | Portugal 465 This relates to areas of service provision such as dialysis and the pharmacy sector, which have seen renegotiation of prices and contracted conditions in order to reduce public expenditure. • Required by the MoU to “assess compliance with European competition rules of the provision of services in the private health care sector and guarantee increasing competition among private providers” and “reinforce the centralized monitoring of PPP [public–private provider] contracts by the Treasury in cooperation with the ACSS” (target for second quarter of 2012). • Required by the MoU to “set mechanisms to ensure a more balanced distribution of GPs across the country” (originally meant for fourth quarter of 2011, then first quarter of 2012, then moved to “ongoing” as it has been delayed). • Aim to improve accessibility of primary health care services by “cleaning” GP's lists of “non-users” and extending the size of GPs' lists (from current average of 1550 patients/GP, to 1900 patients/GP) Priority setting or protocols to change access to treatments, coordination of care and patterns of use • Introduction of measures in health information systems to prevent the prescribing of diagnostic tests that offer no benefit to patients and a financial penalty for inappropriate use of drugs (2010). • Increased the number of patients in the list of each GP, from 1500 to 1900, which was possible because of working hours changes. • Production of a large number of clinical guidelines for improving quality in health care (since 2011). Evaluation of their impact is in a very early stage. • Introduction of feedback on prescribing patterns for physicians (since 2011). • A benchmark system set up for hospital performance (2012). Waiting times • No response reported. Health promotion and prevention • Taxes on tobacco increased (2011). • Health Plan 2012–2016 expands existing priority programmes on HIV, cardiovascular diseases, cancer and mental health and introduces new programmes on diabetes, tobacco consumption, healthy diet, respiratory diseases and stroke.
Romania Adriana Galan and Victor Olsavszky Economic trends • After high real per capita GDP growth in 2008, Romania's economy contracted in 2009 and stagnated in 2010; in 2011, growth was above the European mean. • Ten-year bond rates remain high relative to the European region. • Despite a slight reduction in the size of government expenditure relative to the economy since 2009, the country's health spending priority has slightly increased, although it remains below the European mean. Total health expenditure per capita is dominated by public spending, which contracted in 2009, but returned to modest growth in 2010; growth in OOP expenditure per capita has slowed (Romania: Figs 1 and 2). Policy responses Changes to public funding for the health system • Public spending on health fell between 2007 and 2009 and recovered in subsequent years. • The Ministry of Health budget fell between 2008 and 2011 and grew in 2012. • The health sector was protected in comparison with other public sectors, and national programmes for cancer, diabetes, HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis were protected to ensure continuity. • SHI revenues fell because of higher unemployment and lower salaries in 2009 and SHI deficits grew. • Government transfers to SHI amounted to about 24% of the total health budget in 2010, 12% in 2011 and 10% in 2012. • Government announced plans to generate additional revenue through more effective collection, reducing the number of exemptions from SHI contribution and improved management (2010). • SHI contributions were extended to pensioners with an income of over RON 740 per month (5.5%), including Romanian pensioners resident in other EU Member States (2011).
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Country profiles of <strong>health</strong> system responses to the <strong>crisis</strong> | Portugal<br />
465<br />
This relates to areas of service provision such as dialysis <strong>and</strong> the pharmacy<br />
sector, which have seen renegotiation of prices <strong>and</strong> contracted conditions<br />
in order to reduce public expenditure.<br />
• Required by the MoU to “assess compliance with European competition<br />
rules of the provision of services in the private <strong>health</strong> care sector <strong>and</strong><br />
guarantee increasing competition among private providers” <strong>and</strong> “reinforce<br />
the centralized monitoring of PPP [public–private provider] contracts by<br />
the Treasury in cooperation with the ACSS” (target for second quarter<br />
of 2012).<br />
• Required by the MoU to “set mechanisms to ensure a more balanced<br />
distribution of GPs across the country” (originally meant for fourth<br />
quarter of 2011, then first quarter of 2012, then moved to “ongoing” as<br />
it has been delayed).<br />
• Aim to improve accessibility of primary <strong>health</strong> care services by “cleaning”<br />
GP's lists of “non-users” <strong>and</strong> extending the size of GPs' lists (from current<br />
average of 1550 patients/GP, to 1900 patients/GP)<br />
Priority setting or protocols to change access to treatments, coordination<br />
of care <strong>and</strong> patterns of use<br />
• Introduction of measures in <strong>health</strong> information <strong>systems</strong> to prevent the<br />
prescribing of diagnostic tests that offer no benefit to patients <strong>and</strong> a<br />
financial penalty for inappropriate use of drugs (2010).<br />
• Increased the number of patients in the list of each GP, from 1500 to<br />
1900, which was possible because of working hours changes.<br />
• Production of a large number of clinical guidelines for improving quality<br />
in <strong>health</strong> care (since 2011). Evaluation of their impact is in a very early<br />
stage.<br />
• Introduction of feedback on prescribing patterns for physicians (since<br />
2011).<br />
• A benchmark system set up for hospital performance (2012).<br />
Waiting times<br />
• No response reported.<br />
Health promotion <strong>and</strong> prevention<br />
• Taxes on tobacco increased (2011).<br />
• Health Plan 2012–2016 exp<strong>and</strong>s existing priority programmes on HIV,<br />
cardiovascular diseases, cancer <strong>and</strong> mental <strong>health</strong> <strong>and</strong> introduces new<br />
programmes on diabetes, tobacco consumption, <strong>health</strong>y diet, respiratory<br />
diseases <strong>and</strong> stroke.