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Web-economic-crisis-health-systems-and-health-web Web-economic-crisis-health-systems-and-health-web
Country profiles of health system responses to the crisis | Kazakhstan 421 Changes to health service planning, purchasing and delivery Prices of medical goods • Introduction of monitoring of drug retail prices and thresholds for pharmaceuticals (2010). • Set up a new drug information centre to give health professionals and patients information on rational drug use (2009). Salaries and motivation of health sector workers • No response reported. Payment to providers • No response reported. Overhead costs: restructuring the Ministry of Health and purchasing agencies • Reintroduction of centralized procurement of drugs (2009). Provider infrastructure and capital investment • Capital expenditure increased from KZT 82.8 billion in 2007 to KZT 145.1 billion in 2008 and was reduced to KZT 94.5 billion in 2010 and to KZT 90.4 billion in 2011. • As part of the “Construction of 100 schools and 100 hospitals” programme, 61 hospitals were built between 2008 and 2012. Two outpatient facilities as part of the “Construction of 350 PHC facilities” project, which started in 2011. • Health care delivery network was restructured with the transformation of health facilities into public enterprises (2009 onwards). Priority setting or protocols to change access to treatments, coordination of care and patterns of use • Development of clinical practice guidelines (2007–2008) and upgraded of these in accordance with international principles (2011 onwards). Waiting times • Introduction of a web portal for planned hospitalizations (2010). Health promotion and prevention • No response reported.
Kyrgyzstan Baktygul Akkazieva Economic trends • The economy in Kyrgyzstan was largely unaffected by the crisis, although real per capita GDP did contract in 2010. • Unemployment rates remained low between 2008 and 2011. • Government spending as a share of GDP is below the European mean, although it increased between 2008 and 2011; the level of health spending fell below the European mean in 2010 and 2011. • Although OOP payments were the dominant source of health financing in the early 2000s, the government became the main financer of health care in 2006. Per capita OOP expenditure declined in 2010 and 2011 (Kyrgyzstan: Figs 1 and 2). Policy responses Changes to public funding for the health system • Public spending on health increased by 37% in real terms between 2010 and 2012. Changes to health coverage Population (entitlement) • No response reported. The benefits package • No response reported. User charges • No response reported. Changes to health service planning, purchasing and delivery Prices of medical goods • No response reported. Salaries and motivation of health sector workers • No response reported.
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Country profiles of <strong>health</strong> system responses to the <strong>crisis</strong> | Kazakhstan<br />
421<br />
Changes to <strong>health</strong> service planning, purchasing <strong>and</strong> delivery<br />
Prices of medical goods<br />
• Introduction of monitoring of drug retail prices <strong>and</strong> thresholds for<br />
pharmaceuticals (2010).<br />
• Set up a new drug information centre to give <strong>health</strong> professionals <strong>and</strong> patients<br />
information on rational drug use (2009).<br />
Salaries <strong>and</strong> motivation of <strong>health</strong> sector workers<br />
• No response reported.<br />
Payment to providers<br />
• No response reported.<br />
Overhead costs: restructuring the Ministry of Health <strong>and</strong> purchasing agencies<br />
• Reintroduction of centralized procurement of drugs (2009).<br />
Provider infrastructure <strong>and</strong> capital investment<br />
• Capital expenditure increased from KZT 82.8 billion in 2007 to<br />
KZT 145.1 billion in 2008 <strong>and</strong> was reduced to KZT 94.5 billion in 2010<br />
<strong>and</strong> to KZT 90.4 billion in 2011.<br />
• As part of the “Construction of 100 schools <strong>and</strong> 100 hospitals” programme,<br />
61 hospitals were built between 2008 <strong>and</strong> 2012. Two outpatient facilities<br />
as part of the “Construction of 350 PHC facilities” project, which started in<br />
2011.<br />
• Health care delivery network was restructured with the transformation of<br />
<strong>health</strong> facilities into public enterprises (2009 onwards).<br />
Priority setting or protocols to change access to treatments, coordination<br />
of care <strong>and</strong> patterns of use<br />
• Development of clinical practice guidelines (2007–2008) <strong>and</strong> upgraded of<br />
these in accordance with international principles (2011 onwards).<br />
Waiting times<br />
• Introduction of a <strong>web</strong> portal for planned hospitalizations (2010).<br />
Health promotion <strong>and</strong> prevention<br />
• No response reported.